Chapter one goes over Scientific method, Measurements and Precision as well as Units of Measurement

1. Textbook: Baker

2. Section 1.1

3.  Chemistry is the study of the structure and
behavior of matter

4.  Chemistry allows you to
◦ Ask questions
 Questions about how the natural world works & why
◦ Answer questions
 Answer the same questions you posed
◦ Solve problems
 Mechanical, Technical and Social problems can be
elucidated

5. Section 1.2 – 1.3

13. The properties of matter must
be measured correctly and
reported without ambiguity.
Section 1.4

14.  Value- A quantities description that includes
both a number and a unit
 Units- quantities defined by standards that
people have agreed to use to compare one
event/object to another

15.  The Customary system was based on:
◦ Inch (unit) = width of average thumb (standard)
◦ Foot = typical length of an adult foot (which varied)
 Metric system
◦ Created by the French in the 18th Century
◦ Consistent and systematic set of standards

16.  Meter (Greek metron, “a measure”)
◦ Originally one ten-millionth of the distance from
the North pole to the equator
◦ Today it is defined as the distance light travels in
1/299,792,458 second

17.  A modern elaboration of the original metric
system, was set up in 1960
 Base units- Units from which all other units
are derived

18. 

20.  SI base units and derived units are not always
a convenient size for making measurements
◦ A way deriving new units that are larger and smaller
has been developed
 Scientist attach prefixes to base units which multiply
and divide a base unit by a power of 10

21. 

25.  Mass is the measure of the amount of matter
in an object
 Matter is anything that has mass and takes up
space
 Weight is a measure of the force of
gravitational attraction between it and a
significantly large body

26.  An objects weight on the surface of a celestial
body (i.e. Earth) depends on its mass and on
the distance between it and the center of a
celestial body.
 Mass is also defined as the property of matter
that leads to gravitational attractions between
objects; this always gives rise to weight
 In SI system mass is described by units such
as kilogram, milligram and gram

27.  Mass is a constant and will remain the same
 As the distance between an object and its
celestial body increases its weight decreases
◦ Weight is actually the measure of the force of
gravitational attraction for a body, it can be
described with force units
 SI unit newton, N
 Weight is not really a concern of Chemist,
therefor it won’t be mentioned much in
Chemistry

29. 

30.  The temperature of an object is a measure of
the degree of motion of its particles
◦ As the motion decreases; the temperature of an
object decreases
 Absolute zero is the point beyond which the
motion of the particles, and therefor the
temperature cannot be decreased
◦ Therefor all Kelvin temperatures are positive

32. Section 1.5

33. 

34.  Sometimes it is necessary to use trailing
zeros to show the uncertainty
 The accuracy or uncertainty are often showed
on the device of measuring

35. 1. Define all of the terms in the chapter
2. Describe how science is general is done
3. Use the SI base units and their abbreviations to describe
length, mass, time, temperature, and volume
4. Describe the relationship between liters and cubic meters
5. State the numbers of fractions represented by the
following metric prefixes, and write their abbreviations:
gigi, mega, kilo, centi, milli, micro, nano, and pico
6. Describe the relationships between the metric units that
do not have prefixes (such as meter, gram, and liter) and
units derived from them by the addition of prefixes.