Wollastonite from SLS and Cockle

1. NOR ANIS ALWANI BINTI SAKRI (168742)
SUPERVISOR: PROF.DR. SIDEK HJ. AB AZIZ

2. INTRODUCTION
PROBLEM
STATEMENT
OBJECTIVES
LITERATURE
REVIEW
METHODOLOGY EXPECTED RESULT

3. Research Background
• Soda lime silica (SLS) glass has a silica, SiO₂
and cockle shell contain calcium carbonate,
CaCO₃.
• The CaO decomposed from CaCO₃ of cockle
shell by pre-heat treatment at 900°C.
• This two combination showed that the food
wastes can produce a new product such as
Wollastonite glass-ceramic.

4. Wollastonite is a calcium meta-silicate that has
chemical formula of CaSiO₃.
Limestone contain CaCO₃ with the silica SiO₂
in hot magmas.
Used in the production material like ceramics,
paint and medical supplies.
Wollastonite

5. Occur abundantly and easy to obtain in
nature.
CaCO₃ can be converted to CaO via the
thermal decomposition process.
Cockle shell made up 97% of Calcium
element.
Introduction
Cockle shell

6. SLS glass is the most prevalent type of
glass.
Consist of 70% silica (SiO₂), 15% sodium
oxide (Na₂O) and 9% calcium oxide (CaO).
SLS product including bulbs, window
panes, art object and bottles.
Introduction
SLS glass

7.  Growth of economy causes huge amounts of
industrial wastes.
 Waste products have certain elements that can be
used to produce new products.
 Main purpose of this project is to turn waste into
wealth by producing the wollastonite glass ceramic
from the waste sources such SLS glass bottles and
waste cockle shell.
Problem Statement

8. Objective
To produce
wollastonite
glass-ceramic
from waste
material
To study the
composition and
heat treatment
effect on physical
properties.

9. Calcium oxide
Author Research Finding
(Mohamed, Yousuf, &
Maitra, 2012)
Decomposition study of
calcium carbonate in cockle
shell.
- Sea shell contained about
95%-99% by weight of
CaCO3 which has enabled
it to be applied for quite a
number of purposes.
Literature Review

10. Soda lime silica (SLS) glass
Author Research Finding
(Cormier, Calas, & Beuneu,
2011)
Structural changes between
soda-lime silicate glass and
melt
-Soda-lime silica glass, easily
to synthesized as a
homogeneous glass.
-Have high stability against
crystallization, high viscosity
at the liquidus temperature
permitting glass forming,
high potential for fiber
drawing and compositional
control of index of refraction
and coefficient of thermal
expansion.
Literature Review

11. Glass-ceramic
Author Research Finding
(Yoon, Lee, Lee, Yun, &
Yoon, 2013)
Characterization of
Wollastonite Glass-ceramics
Made from Waste Glass and
Coal Fly Ash
-The crystallization behavior
of wollastonite glass-ceramics
were investigated by means of
X-ray diffraction (XRD)
analysis and surface
morphological observations,
and the chemical
compositions were evaluated
by field emission-scanning.
Literature Review

12. Cleaning Crushing Grinding Sieving Powder
Methodology
Preparation Of Sample

13. 1
Weighing
2
Milling
3
Melting
4
Quenching
5
Drying
Methodology

14. 6
Crushing &
grinding
7
Sieving
8
Powder
pressing
9
Sintering
10
Further
analysis
Methodology

15. Analysis Expected result
XRD
Determine whether the sample is
amorphous or crystalline phase.
XRF
Measure the composition of the
sample.
FT-IR
Determine the molecular formula
and the structures of the sample.
Density
Using the Archimedes principle to
determine the physical properties.
Expected Result

16. • Boey, P.-L., Maniam, G. P., Hamid, S. A., & Ali, D. M. H.
(2011). Utilization of waste cockle shell (Anadara granosa) in
biodiesel production from palm olein: Optimization using
response surface methodology. Fuel, 90(7), 2353–2358.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.03.002
• Chemical Geology Carbonation o f Ca-bea ring silicates , the
case o f wollastonite : Experimental investigations and kinetic
modeling. (2009), 262, 262–277.
• Cormier, L.,Calas, G., & Beuneu, B. (2011). Structural changes
between soda-lime silicate glass and melt. Journal of Non-
Crystalline Solids, 357(3), 926–931.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2010.10.014
• Mohamed, M.,Yousuf, S., & Maitra, S. (2012). Decomposition
study of calcium carbonate in cockle shell. Journal of
Engineering Science and Technology, 7(1), 1–10.
Reference

17. • Nurul, K., Bin, Z., Bakar, A., Noordin, M. M., Zobir, M., Hussein, B.,
… Ali, E. (2011). Characterisation of calcium carbonate and its
polymorphs from cockle shells ( Anadara granosa ). Powder
Technology, 213(1-3), 188–191.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2011.07.031
• Rashid, R. A., Shamsudin, R., Azmi, M., Hamid, A., & Jalar, A. (2014).
In-vitro bioactivity of wollastonite materials derived from limestone
and silica sand, 40, 6847–6853.
• Vichaphund, S., Kitiwan, M., Atong, D., & Thavorniti, P. (2011).
Microwave synthesis of wollastonite powder from eggshells. Journal of
the European Ceramic Society, 31, 2435–2440.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.02.026
• Zhang, W., & Liu, H. (2013). A low cost route for fabrication of
wollastonite glass – ceramics directly using soda-lime waste glass by
reactive crystallization – sintering. Ceramics International, 39(2),
1943–1949. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.08.044
Reference