Cette présentation dresse un panorama du logiciel libre : ce que c'est, les projets phares, les licences (droits et devoirs) et enfin les business models. J'ai donné cette présentation à l'école des mines pour les sensibiliser à la viabilité économique et technique de cet écosystème. Le discours orale associé à ce support permet d'illustrer les principes du free software avec mes expériences personnelles dans la fondation Eclipse et la mise au point du business model d'Obeo. English: this talk is an introduction to free software ecosystem.

1. Etienne JULIOT [email_address] Conférence à l'Ecole des Mines de Nantes, le 03/01/2011

4. Projects

5. Licenses

6. Business Models

7. Qu'est-ce qu'un logiciel libre ? 1. Liberté d' utiliser le logiciel pour tous les usages 2. Liberté d' étudier le logiciel donc accès au code source 3. Liberté de copier le logiciel y compris pour vendre les copies 4. Liberté de modifier le logiciel et de le redistribuer

9. The source code can be modified by the end-user

10. The licensing conditions promote re-use and wide availability of the software

11. The cost of acquisition to the end-user is often minimal Open source software is not the same as free software but there is a large overlap ``Open source is a development methodology; free software is a social movement.'’ The Free software Foundation maintains a Free Software Definition (www.fsf.org)

13. This usually implies “free as in free beer”

15. Is it allowed for an editor to sell a free software and not provide a free access to the binary and the source code?

16. Do I always need to redistribute my modification?

17. What about intellectual property and copyright?

19. You are not tied to any company

20. Even though you might not be able to modify it, somebody can do it for you

21. Millions of developers watch the code

23. When and who

25. hacker (noble meaning)

26. free software activist

27. software patents destroyer

28. father of the GNU project (1983)

29. father of the Free Software Foundation (1985)

30. father of the Emacs text editor and other basic tools for operating systems

32. hacker (noble meaning)

33. founder of the “Open Source” movement

34. “The Cathedral and the Bazaar”, 1997

35. disputed member of the Community

37. creator of the Linux kernel

38. self-proclaimed “benevolent dictator” of the Linux kernel development

39. rarely goes out of his modesty

40. (but when he does, the entire world knows it!)

43. Relation between members, contributers and users communities

44. Process

46. Logiciel libre : chiffres Tendances - Utilisateurs de Linux en entreprise prévus en 2008 : +320% par rapport à fin 2004 - Croissance du marché Linux dans le monde de 2004 à 2006 : +36% - 49% des collectivités régionales ou locales françaises ont installé des logiciels libres - 49% des plus grandes entreprises du monde auront une stratégie open source en 2008 Volumes - 35 milliards de dollars : poids du marché mondial des logiciels libres estimé en 2008 - 146 millions d’euros : poids du marché français des logiciels libres en 2004 - 450 millions d’euros : poids du marché français des logiciels libres en 2006 Projections - Plus d’un milliard d’euros en 2008, plus de 2 milliards d’euros à l’horizon 2010 - 900 millions d’euros: part du marché des services informatiques consacrée aux projets de logiciels libres Sources : Gartner, IDC

48. Projects

49. Licenses

50. Business Models

51. Some exemples

52. Write text

53. Operating System

54. Do some computation

55. Development tools

59. FOSS == Linux ?

61. Myths about Free Software

62. To not overestimated the community

64. Bugzilla, newsgroup, mailing list

67. Don't re-invent the wheel, improve it!

68. Find the process!

77. Commiters

78. PMC

79. Councils: Architecture, Requirement, Planning

80. Board of Directors (~10)

81. Staff (~10)

82. IWG

84. Projects

85. Licenses

86. Business Models

87. Some licenses

88. Permissiveness of FOSS licenses

90. A BSD project

92. Is there any difference if I am a company or an individual?

93. Is there any difference if it's for internal use or not?

95. Projects

96. Licenses

97. Business Models Extracts from Fabernovel paper

101. Four business models can be identified

102. The service model takes two forms

103. The services offered are of different types

104. The value added distribution model consists in selling a standard version of an existing product

105. This model offers a triple client value

106. The double licence model relies on a « discrimination » of the users

107. A variant of this model: the commercialization of an associated product

108. The «mutualization» model rests on the successive development of several modules…

109. … and generally results in the creation of a community of clients

110. Exemple: Opees Workflow

112. Synthesis of the different business models

113. Usecase: Distribution

114. Usecase: Server

115. Usecase: Web

116. Usecase: Major editor

117. Usecase: Vertical tool

118. Usecase: DB

119. Usecase: compiler

120. Usecase: MD tooling

122. Better quality

123. More tooling Specific Infrastructure

124. OpenSource isn’t a bisounours world

125. Bisounours process Labos SME Big Companies Substrate: open source I have a bug I reference it in OSS bugtracker I have nothing to do today: I will fix it … Hope ! This isn’t our job

126. OPEES Process Labos SME Big Companies Substrate: open source I have a bug I reference it in contracted bugtracker Support subcontractor makes the fix I subscribe an OSS contract support through Opees

127. Bisounours process Labos SME Big Companies Substrate: open source Is it interesting for SME? I do papers and prototypes Hope ! Is it interesting for customers? Hope ! ROI ? Investissment ?

128. OPEES Process Labos SME Big Companies Substrate: open source I want a new long term feature Is it interested for SME? Is there a new research interest ? yes I do papers and prototypes Yes Reuse/ remake no

130. Support

131. Partnership

133. Included inside Obeo Designer

134. Included inside Obeo Agility (for Cartography)

135. Exemple: how to create designers?

139. Support

143. OSONS !