Andrew Goodwin proposed that there are certain characteristics of music videos including: 1) Exhibiting genre characteristics through iconography and style representing the genre. For example, girl/boy groups usually have dance routines and rock videos feature musical instruments. 2) Having a relationship between lyrics and visuals where visuals can illustrate, amplify, or contradict the lyrics. 3) Often including intertextual references to other media texts like TV shows, ads, or other music videos. For example, Lady Gaga's "Telephone" video featured the Pussy Wagon from "Kill Bill."

1. Music Video Theory
Andrew Goodwin

2. Andrew Goodwin proposed that there are certain characteristics
of a music video, this includes…
1. Music videos exhibits genre characteristics
This means that the iconography and style that represent the genre are present in
the music video.
• For example, girl/boy groups usually have
a dance routine present in their music
video, as seen here in ‘The Saturdays’
music video.
• Green Day’s video demonstrates
the typical feature of playing
musical instruments such as
guitars in rock videos.

3. 2. There is a relationship between lyrics and visuals.
The visuals can either be illustrative, amplify, or contradict the lyrics.
‘Might be holding your hand, but I'm
holding loose’
Example- Kickstarts
Ellie Goulding- Burn
‘and we’re gonna let it
burn, burn, burn…’
Kesha – Tik Tok
‘Pedicure on our
Toes’

4. 3. There is often intertextual references to other media texts.
Media texts such as TV programmes, adverts or even other music videos can be
referenced in a music video.
• The Pussy Wagon from the film ‘Kill
Bill’ featured in Lady Gaga’s video to
her song Telephone.

5. 4. Voyeurism is used in music videos, particularly towards women.
Kanye West- Gold Digga
Rihanna – Rude Boy