temporomandibular joint

1. P R E S E N T D B Y :
D R . G A U R A V S . S A L U N K H E
P G - S T U D E N T
O R A L & M A X I L L O F A C I A L
P A T H O L O G Y
Temporomandibular Joint

2. INTRODUCTION
 The temporomandibular joint is the joint of
the jaw and is frequently referred to as TMJ.
 ALSO KNOWN AS MANDIBULAR JOINT.
 TYPE-SYNOVIAL JOINT
 SUBTYPE-BICONDYLAR
 The name is derived from the two bones which form
the joint: the upper temporal bone which is part of the
cranium (skull), and the lower jaw bone called
the mandible.
 The unique feature of the TMJs is the articular disc.
 The part of the mandible which mates to the under-surface
of the disc is the condyle and the part of the temporal
bone which mates to the upper surface of the disk is the
glenoid (or mandibular) fossa.

4. Components
 There are six main components of the TMJ.
 Mandibular condyles
 Articular surface of the temporal bone
 Fibrous Capsule
 Articular disc
 Ligaments
 Lateral pterygoid

6. Sphenomandibular &
Stylomandibular ligament

7. RELATIONS
INFRONT LATERAL
PTERYGOID,TEMPORALIS,
MASSETERIC NERVE &
VESSELS
BEHIND PAROTID GLAND,
SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL
VESSELS,
AURICULOTEMPORAL
NERVE
LAERALLY SKIN, FASCIA
MEDIALLY LATERAL PTERYGOID,
MIDDLE MENINGEAL

9. MOVEMENTS
1. ELEVATION & DEPRESSION
2. PROTRACION & RETRACTION
3. SIDE TO SIDE MOVEMENS

11. MOVEMENTS
 Depression- lateral pterygoid mainly
 Elevation- masster, temporalis, medial petygoid of
both sides.
 Protrusion- lateral and medial pterygoid.
 Retraction- posterior fibres of temporalis.
 Lateral or side to side movement eg. turning chin
to left side- left lateral pterygoid and right medial
pterygoid.

12. INNERVATION & VASCULARIZATION
 Sensory innervation of the temporomandibular joint is
derived from the auriculotemporal and masseteric branches
of TRIGEMINAL NERVE.
 Its arterial blood supply is provided by branches of
the EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY, predominately
the superficial temporal branch.
 Other branches: deep auricular artery, anterior
tympanic artery, ascending pharyngeal artery,
and maxillary artery- may also contribute.

13. HISTOLOGY
 Bony structures
 Articular fibrous covering
 Articular disk
 Synovial membrane

15. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
 Most common disorder- Disc displacement.
 Most common cause of pain- Myofascial pain
dysfunction syndrome.
 Temporomandibular joint disorder/ syndrome.
 Conditions that affect joint.
1) Ankylosis
2) Arthritis
3) Trauma
4) Developmental anomalies
5) Neoplasia

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