Network Layer,Computer Networks

review ,[object Object],How many layers have the OSI’s model divided the network architecture into? What are they from the bottom to the top? PHYSICAL DATA LINK NETWORK TRANSPORT SESSION PRESENTATION APPLICATION Seven layers

Description of the network layer ,[object Object],[object Object]

Chapter 5 The Network Layer 5.1 Network Layer Design Issues 5.2 Routing Algorithms 5.6 The Network Layer in the Internet

5.1 Network Layer Design Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Store-and-Forward Packet Switching ,[object Object],[object Object],fig 5-1 Customer’s equipment

Services Provided to the Transport Layer ,[object Object],1. The services should be independent of the router tech- nology. 2. The transport layer should be shielded from the num- ber, type, and topology of the routers present. 3. The network addresses made available to the transport layer should use a uniform numbering plan, even across LANs and WANs. ,[object Object]

One camp’s view ,[object Object],The Internet offers connectionless network-layer service

The other camp’s view ,[object Object],ATM networks offer connection-oriented network-layer service.

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Implementation of Connectionless Service ,[object Object],The question is: a packet with a destination D arrives at router A. then which router will router A send this packet to? P 346

Implementation of Connection-Oriented Service ,[object Object],P 347

Comparison of Virtual-Circuit and Datagram Subnets 5-4

[object Object],[object Object]

summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Description of Routing Algorithms ,[object Object],[object Object],packet

Description of Routing Algorithms ,[object Object]

Description of Routing Algorithms ,[object Object],converge equilibrium A P Q B

Description of Routing Algorithms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],nonadaptive and adaptive A B C D A - B B C C D B

Description of Routing Algorithms ,[object Object],[object Object],A B C D A - B B C C D B A - B C C C D C

5.2 Routing Algorithms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.1 The Optimality Principle ,[object Object],J I K

5.2.1 The Optimality Principle ,[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.2 Shortest Path Routing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.2 Shortest Path Routing ,[object Object],（ 1930 年 5 月 11 日～ 2002 年 8 月 6 日）

[object Object],P 353 Next steps? The shortest path from A to D is: ABEFHD

5.2.3 Flooding ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.3 Flooding ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.4 Distance Vector Routing ,[object Object],[object Object],August 26, 1920 ～ March 19, 1984 September 23,1927 ～ August 14, 1924 ～ January 10, 1976 Lester Randolph Ford NO PHOTO Delbert Ray Fulkerson NO PHOTO

5.2.4 Distance Vector Routing ,[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.5 Link State Routing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.5 Link State Routing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.5 Link State Routing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.6 Hierarchical Routing ,[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.6 Hierarchical Routing ,[object Object]

5.2.7 Broadcast Routing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.7 Broadcast Routing ,[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.7 Broadcast Routing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.2.7 Broadcast Routing ,[object Object],Reverse path forwarding. (a) A subnet. (b) A sink tree. (c) The tree built by reverse path forwarding.

5.6 The Network Layer in the Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.6.1 The IP Protocol ,[object Object],P 434

5.6.2 IP Addresses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],network mask 255.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0

5.6.2 IP Addresses ,[object Object]

5.6.2 IP Addresses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.6.3 Internet Control Protocols ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.6.3 Internet Control Protocols ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.6.3 Internet Control Protocols ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5.6.3 Internet Control Protocols ,[object Object],[object Object]

5.6.3 Internet Control Protocols ,[object Object]

nonadaptive adaptive 非自适应自适应

Network Layer,Computer Networks

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Network Layer,Computer Networks