International ConferenceonHigher Education, Cultures and Literature: Canada and IndiaOrganized byThe Center for Canadian Studies (CCS)Department of English - UOM

2. International Conference
on
Higher Education, Cultures
and Literatures: Canada and
India
Organized by
The Centre for Canadian Studies (CCS)
Department of English - UOM

3. Venue :
University of Mysore
Manasagangotri
Mysore- 570 006, Karnataka, INDIA
30th November - 1st December, 2012

4. Dr. K.B. Praveena
Asst Professor,
Department of Studies in Education,
Mysore University, India
friendlypraveen@gmail.com
Hamid Mohammad Azimi,
Research Scholar,
Department of Studies
in Education Mysore University, India
Hamid_mazimi@yahoo.com09/28/13

5. 5
Educational Process Through
CAI: Canadian Experience
Title of Presentation:

6. Technology in the
information revolution has
provided many unique
benefits to instructional
programs.

7. The pace of change and progress in education are
slower than the pace of change and progress in
Society generally and in technology in particular.
The world is on its way in molding the education and
the educational system in order to meet
the present day needs and aspirations
of the people.
09/28/13

8. Computers as IT and ICT age
symbols are an integral part of
our everyday life. We use them
when we go to work, use a credit
card, check out a book at a library,
get a driver’s license etc. They have also become
the source of one of the biggest controversies in
education in recent years.

9. Many research studies on Usage of Technology in
Teaching leraning Process :
 Cheng & Liou, 2000;
 Egbert, 2002;
Kramsch & Andersen, 1999;
 LeLoup & Ponterio, 2003;
 Williams & Williams, 2000
suggest that integration of technology can improve
academic performance, enhance motivation, and
promote learning.
Although traditional ways of instruction are widely
accepted in teaching and learning environments.

10. - Computer-Based Education (CBE)
- Computer-Based Instruction (CBI)
- Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI)
- Computer Aided Instruction (CAI)
- Computer-Managed Instruction (CMI)
- Computer-Assisted Language Learning
(CALL)

11. Computer-based education (CBE) and
computer-based instruction (CBI) are
the broadest terms and can refer to
virtually any kind of computer use in
educational settings.

12. Computer-Managed Instruction(CMI)
is an instructional strategy whereby the
computer is used to provide learning
objectives, learning resources, record keeping,
progress tracking, and assessment of learner
performance.
Computer based tools and applications are
used to assist the teacher or school
administrator in the management of the
learner and instructional process.

13. Computer-assisted instruction
(CAI)
• Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) is an
interactive instructional technique
whereby a computer is used to present the
instructional material and monitor the
learning that takes place.

14. The use of computers in education
started in the 1960s.

15. Instructional computers are basically
used in one of two ways:
 either they provide a straightforward
presentation of data
or
 they fill a tutorial role in which the
student is tested on comprehension.

16. CAI
can be classified into five categories
(techniques) in terms of functional aspects;
1. Drill and Practice
2. Tutorial Programs
3. Simulation Programs
4. Instructional Games
5. Problem Solving Programs

17. 1. Drill and Practice

18. 2. Tutorial Programs

19. 3. Simulation Programs

20. 4.Instructional Games

21. 5. Problem Solving Programs

22. Experience of Canada in Computer in
CAI

23. • Until 1977, when fully assembled, low-cost
microcomputers became generally available,
most CAI activities were centered either in
post-secondary institutions or in business
and industry.
• As programming and problem-solving
applications evolved and developed, many
universities, colleges and technical institutes
established academic computing centers and
teaching departments of computing science.

24. As an example, the University of
Waterloo is a world leader in the
design of student compilers and
interpreters.

25. Waterloo's compilers and
interpreters run on many varieties
of computers and are used daily by
students at universities and colleges
worldwide (ROMANIUK,2012).

26. In 1968, under the direction of Dr.
Steve Hunka, the first major CAI
project in Canada was initiated in the
Faculty of Education at the University
of Alberta.

27. • In this project, an experimental computer-based
instructional system, the IBM 1500 system, was
installed; IBM only produced 20 such systems.

28. The IBM 1500 was used at the U of A for
research and development for 12 years and
was replaced by a Control Data Corporation
PLATO System.

29. • COMIT was a sophisticated system of
computer-assisted instruction developed
jointly by IBM and the University of
Waterloo in Canada.
• It emphasized unique audiovisual
capabilities of the television set and
light pens. The project ran until 1978.

30. In 1977
With the Canadian federal Department of
Communications, TVOntario (TVO)
pioneered the use of satellites for educational
teleconferencing and direct-to-home
transmission through the Hermes project.
The experiment allowed students in
California and Toronto to interact via
electronic classrooms.

31. Most elementary and secondary schools
continue to operate a traditional, lock-step
grade system in which there is very little
incentive to use new instructional techniques
to decrease learning time for individual
students.
Because of this and, also, due to the high cost
of acquiring CAI curriculum materials,
elementary and secondary schools emphasize
learning with computers rather than learning
through computers.

32. • TLM (The Learning Manager) was released
in 1980 and included distinct roles for
students, instructors, educational assistants,
and administrators.
• Originally called LMS (Learning
Management System), TLM was used
extensively at SAIT (Southern Alberta
Institute of Technology) and Bow Valley
College, both located in Calgary, Alberta,
Canada.

33. (a cooperative USA university computer
network),founded by a consortium of US and
Canadian universities, allowed universities to
connect with each other for educational
communications and e-mail. At its peak in
1991, it had over 500 organizations as
members and over 3000 nodes. Its use
declined as the World Wide Web grew.
in 1991
BITNET

34. June 30, 2000: Blackboard Inc. file a patent
application relating to "Internet-based
education support systems and methods.

35. • During 2005, about 26 per cent of adult
Canadians went on-line for education,
training, or school work.
• In 2006, virtually all schools in Canada
had computers, providing one computer
for five students.
• Ninety-eight per cent of schools had an
Internet connection.

36. • Teaching-learning process is increasingly
moving online especially in Canada
• People now access the Internet more on
mobile devices than on their desktops or
laptops, a trend that will only continue to
grow with increased smart phone
penetration globally.