Night 7k to 12k Chennai City Center Call Girls 👉👉 7427069034⭐⭐ 100% Genuine E...
Airway adjuncts and management in ACLS
1. ADJUNCTS FOR
AIRWAY CONTROL, VENTILATION
AND SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN
Objectives
1. To control the airway properly during cardiac arrest
2. To optimize ventilation
3. To use airway adjuncts properly and effectively
4. To provide supplemental oxygen properly and effectively
14. ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION
Advantages
• Protection of the airway from aspiration of
foreign material
• Facilitates ventilation and oxygenation
• Facilitates suctioning of trachea and bronchi
• Provides route for drug administration
• Prevents gastric insufflation
• Allows faster rate of chest compression
15. ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION
Indications
• Inability to ventilate the unconscious patient
• After insertion of pharyngeal airway
• Inability of patient to protect own airway
(coma, areflexia, or cardiac arrest)
• Need for prolonged artificial ventilation
16. ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION
Equipment
• Laryngoscope with several blades
• Endotracheal tubes
• Malleable stylet
• 10-ml syringe
• Magill forceps
• Water soluble lubricant
• Functional suction unit
21. ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION
Aligning Axes of Upper Airway
Mouth
A
A B
B
C
C
Pharynx
Trachea
Extend-the-head-on-neck (“look up”): aligns axis A relative to B
Flex-the-neck-on-shoulders (“look down”): aligns axis B relative to C
26. ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION
Recommendations
• Intubate as soon as possible after ventilation
and oxygenation, in cardiac arrest
• Intubation should be done by most
experienced person
• Do not take longer than 30 seconds
• Auscultate the thorax and epigastrium after
intubation
31. OXYGENATION AND VENTILATION
Bag-Valve-Mask
Advantages
• Provides immediate ventilation and oxygenation
• Sense of compliance and airway resistance
conveyed to operator
• Ideal method of ventilation after intubation
• High oxygen concentrations are possible
• Can be used with spontaneous respirations
33. OXYGENATION AND VENTILATION
Bag-Mask Ventilation
• Key—ventilation volume: “enough to produce
obvious chest rise”
1-Person: 2-Person:
difficult, less effective easier, more effective
34. OXYGENATION AND VENTILATION
Bag-Valve-Mask (cont.)
Complications
• Inadequate tidal volumes
leading to hypoventilation
• Gastric distension
35. OXYGENATION AND VENTILATION
Manually Triggered Oxygen Powered
Breathing Device
• Allow for positive pressure ventilation
• Deliver 100% oxygen concentration
• Should provide a constant flow at 40 L/min
• Should have a relief valve that opens at 60 cmH2O
37. TRACHEOBRONCHIAL SUCTIONING
Techniques
• Check equipment
• Set pressure between –80 to –120 mmHg
• Pre-oxygenate with 100% O2 for
five minutes
• Use sterile technique
• Insert suction catheter through the tube
• Apply suction and remove the catheter with
a rotation motion
• Suction no longer than 10 seconds
39. Esophageal-Tracheal Combitube
A = esophageal obturator; ventilation into trachea through side openings = B
E C = tracheal tube; ventilation through open end if proximal end inserted in trachea
D = pharyngeal cuff; inflated through catheter = E
Distal End
F = esophageal cuff; inflated through catheter = G
H = teeth marker; blindly insert Combitube until marker is at level of teeth
A
C
H Proximal End
B
D
F
G
40. Esophageal-Tracheal Combitube
Inserted in Esophagus
A
H
D
D
B F
A = esophageal obturator; ventilation into
trachea through side openings = B
D = pharyngeal cuff (inflated)
F = inflated esophageal/tracheal cuff
H = teeth markers; insert until marker lines at
level of teeth
41. Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA)
The LMA is an adjunctive airway that consists of a
tube with a cuffed mask-like projection at distal end.