1. POWER QUALITY ENHANCEMENT
IN AUTONOMOUS MICROGRID
USING ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION
by
PRABAAKARAN. K,
Assistant Professor (EEE)
SKP Engineering College
Tiruvannamalai
Tamilnadu

2. ABSTRACT

To analyze & improve the Power Quality of Microgrid.

Voltage, Frequency regulation and Power Sharing are the
main performance parameters.

Ant Colony Optimization is an intelligent searching
algorithm that is applied for real-time self-tuning of the
Power control parameters.
2

3. INTRODUCTION

Microgrid – Cluster of Distributed Generation (DG)
Units that are interfaced with Electrical Distribution
network using Power Electronic devices.

It is also defined as “Subsystem of Distributed Energy
Sources & their Associated Loads”
3

4. DISTRIBUTED GENERATION (DG)
Emerging concept to Decentralize the Management of
Electricity Production.
 Seems Distributed Storage Energy System
 Higher Operating Efficiency, Lower Emission level
 Fuel Cells, PV Cells, Batteries, Micro turbine, Wind
turbine etc.

4

5. STRUCTURE OF MICROGRID
5

6. OPERATING MODES
GRID CONNECTED MODE
 Here Micro sources are connected to the Grid.
 They share the loads in Grid
AUTONOMOUS MODE
 Bypass switch open – Autonomous Mode
 Micro Sources feed system responsible for Nominal Voltage &
Frequency , Stability, when Power is Shared by Generation
Units.
TRANSITION MODE
 Grid connected to Islanding mode Change of loads
6

7. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES
Genetic Algorithm (GA)
 Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)
 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
 Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO)
 Artificial Bee Colony (ABC)
 Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
 Fuzzy Logic Technique
 Neuro - Fuzzy Technique (hybrid)

7

8. ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION (ACO)
ACO – Natural behavior of Ant- develops mechanisms
of co-operation and learning
 Population-based
stochastic optimization technique
developed by Dorigo & Stutzle in 1992
 Fast convergence and efficient

8

9. ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION

Ants (blind) go through the food while laying down
pheromone trails

Shortest path is discovered via pheromone trails
each ant moves at random (first)
 pheromone is deposited on path
 Shorter path, more pheromone rails (positive feedback
system)
 ants follow the intense pheromone trails

9

10. Behaviour of ANT (ACO)
10

11. FLOW CHART
11

12. DESIGN OF AUTONOMOUS MICROGRID
12

13. PROPOSED POWER CONTROLLER
13

14. PROPOSED CURRENT CONTROLLER
14

15. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SIMULINK
Pulse signal
Constant DC
Source
Control Signal
Voltage Source
Inverter
LOAD
Constant DC
Source
STS
GRID
Voltage Source
Inverter
Pulse signal
Control Signal
15

16. KP & KI SEARCH
PROCESS
16

17. LOAD ACTIVE POWER
17

18. LOAD REACTIVE POWER
18

19. DG1 ACTIVE &
REACTIVE POWER
19

20. DG2 ACTIVE &
REACTIVE POWER
20

21. VOLTAGE REGULATION
21

22. FREQUENCY REGULATION
22

23. CONCLUSION & FUTURE WORK

Proposed controller shows excellence response
and the
simulation results validated that the Power quality enhancement
is attained.

Future enhancement is to carry out “Analysis of Harmonics” in
autonomous microgrid using ACO algorithm.
23

24. REFERENCES

Waleed Al-Saedi,et al, “Power quality enhancement in autonomous
microgrid operation using PSO”,Elsevier 2012

Yunwei Li, Student Member, IEEE, D. Mahinda Vilathgamuwa, Senior
Member, IEEE,and Poh Chiang Loh, Member, IEEE, “ Microgrid Power
Quality Enhancement Using a Three-Phase Four-Wire Grid-Interfacing
Compensator ” IEEE transaction 2010.

Mostafa I. Marei, Ehab F. El-Saadany and Magdy M. A.Salama, “ A
Flexible DG Interfaced Based on a New RLS Algorithm for Power Quality
Improvement”, IEEE System Journal, vol.6, no.1, Mar. 2012.

Tomas Hornik and Qing-Chang Zhong, “ A Current- Control Strategy for
Voltage –Source Inverter in Microgrids Based on Repetitive Control”,
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 26, no.3, Mar. 2011.

Mahesh Illindala and Giri Venkataramanan, “Frequency/Sequency Selective
Filter for Power Quality Improvement in a Microgrid,” IEEE Transaction
on Smart Grid, Apr.2012.
24

25. 
Yasser Abdel-Rady Ibrahim Mohammed. Et al, “Seamless formation and
robust control of distributed generation microgrids via direct voltage control
and optimized dynamic power sharing”, IEEE Transactions on Power
Electronics, vol. 27, No.3, Mar. 2012

R.H.Lasseter, “Microgrids,” in Proc. Power Eng. Soc.Winter Meeting, 2002,
vol.1, pp. 305-308

Robert.Lasseter. Et al, “White paper on integration of distribution energy
resource:The CERTS microgrid concepts”, California energy commission2002.
25

26. PUBLICATION & PRESENTATION





Presented & Published a paper titled in “Power Quality Enhancement in
Microgrid – A Survey” in IEEE Digital library.
Published a Paper titled in “Power Quality Improvement in an
Autonomous Microgrid under Nonlinear Load using Control Strategies”
in International Journal of Engineering & Technology, vol.5.no.4. AugSep 2013.
Published a Paper titled in “ ACO adopted Control strategies for Power
quality enhancement in autonomous microgrid” in International Journal
of Computer Application (IJCA) vol.63. no. 13. Feb – 2013.
Presented a Paper titled in “Power quality enhancement in microgrid
using Ant Colony Optimization” in National Conference and won “Best
Paper Award”.
Article under review titled in “Survey on Microgrid: Power Quality
Improvement Techniques” in Scientific Research in Hindawi Publication.
26

27. 27

28. 28