Up Scaling Rural Sanitation in Pakistan Post 2010 Floods

1. Up Scaling Rural Sanitation in Pakistan
Post 2010 Floods
Asia regional sanitation and hygiene practitioners workshop
31 January – 2 February 2012, Dhaka, Bangladesh

2. Background
 48 million people defecating in the open
 45% of population have access to improved sanitation (29%
rural and 72% urban)
 Approximately 116,103 children under the age of 5 in
Pakistan die each year of diarrhoea, 13 children per hour
 20.25 million affected by floods in 2010 and 5.3 million in
2011, high incidence of acute diarrhea
 MDG target for sanitation is 64% by 2015
 Pakistan Approach to Total Sanitation, PATS, promoting
improved sanitation and hygiene outcomes on a total
sanitation model
 UNICEF and Ministry of Environment agreement to initiate
total sanitation as part of building back better

3. PATS: Integrated Total Sanitation Model
Demand Creation Supply Side Hygiene Promotion Drainage and
Interventions Interventions Interventions Wastewater
Treatment
Interventions
• IEC Campaigns, • Creation of • IEC material on • 100 % drainage
• Community sanitation marts active health and with community
sensitization and supply chain hygiene key participation with
through CLTS, mechanisms messages the aim to
SLTS • Training of • Behaviour change minimize
• Marketing of masons communication exposure to
hand washing, • Construction of • Use of mass media human excreta
etc. demo latrines for campaign and IEC and wastewater
technical options campaigns management
• Training of promoting low-cost
sanitation appropriate and
entrepreneurs informed sanitation
• Incentivizing solutions, etc.
outcomes

4. ER Programme on Scaling up of Rural Sanitation
Programme Objectives
• To achieve and sustain an open defecation free
environment both in rural and urban areas with
clear emphasis on behavior change and social
mobilization to increase demand for sanitation
• To safeguard and protect the health of flood
affected communities from water, sanitation and
hygiene related diseases by means of undertaking
a series of measures:
Ensuring 100 % safe management of excreta, attaining
and sustaining the open defecation free status
Promoting the use of safe, hygiene latrines and other
sanitation facilities for men, women and children living
in flood-affected areas
Pursuing for improved hygiene behaviors
• Phased Approach to Implementation

5. Phased Implementation Approach
Stage Provinces/ Regions Districts Population to be served Households Villages
1 (2010) KP, Punjab 4 700,000 100,000 324
2 (2010) Punjab 2 1,090,000 155,714 901
3 (2011) KP, Sindh, GB, AJK 19 2,350,000 335,714 3357
4 (2011) Punjab, Sindh, KP, 17 3,500,000 500,000 5000
Balochistan
Total 6 42 7,640,000 1,091,428 9,582

6. Programme Components
Engagement Strategy Mapping
with the Government
Roll out
through a
Project Conducting KAP/ cascade
coordination & Formative model
Orientation on research
Triggering Implementatio
Plans n Committees IEC Strategy
Training Session
Mass Media Campaign
Training
Workshops for
IPs
Institutional linkages and capacity Campaigning for improved hygiene
building behavior
Results based
PRA Manual & Tools M&E
Framework
Demand Mid Term/End
Creation Incentives Term
Interventions Roll out of Evaluations
Cross M&E
Cutting Framework Certification
Issues Criteria
Supply Side Monitoring
Interventions database Best
End of the Pipe Solutions Practices &
KM
Attaining Total Sanitation Monitoring, Evaluation & Learning

7. Programme Components

8. Key Achievements
 ~ 2.6 million people residing in ODF environment in over 1,200
villages;
 Promotion of ownership and acceptability of this program at all levels
of government: federal, provincial, &district levels
 Successful partnership
 Sustainability: support to ensure availability of low cost sanitation
material through creation of 36 sanitary marts, and training of 104
community entrepreneurs;
 406 master trainers, 1,945 community based CRPs trained and have
supported the triggering. Over 4,787 village sanitation committees
formed
 Sanitation Marketing strategy
 Constructed wetlands (end of pipe treatment) in progress, three units
completed

9. Lessons Learned (…along the way)
 Sanitation demand should be created through a multitude of
options…CLTS triggering, Behavior change communications
through IEC material, interpersonal channels and mass media
 CLTS triggering with children… mobilize them as activists and
the agents of change
 Market for sanitation goods and services should be operative
and known…meeting the increase demand for sanitation post
triggering
 Persistent approach with the communities post attaining the
ODF status….functional involvement of the LGIs, continuous
support to CRPs/ Activists, introduction of sustainable and
quality solutions both at household and community levels
 Continuous monitoring and evaluation…external monitor helps
integrate the learning's in implementation process
 Support for community incentives….. provide encouragement
 Support to Village Sanitation Committees (VSCs)….cross
learning, financial sustainability

10. United Nations Children’s Fund
Pakistan Country Office
90 Margala Road, F-8/2
Tel: 051-209-7848
www.unicef.org
© United Nations Children’s Fund
Photo © UNICEF/PAK2011/Shehzad Noorani