Evolution natural selection_and_speciation 2011

“ Evolve” Means to Change Over Time ,[object Object],[object Object],Evolution

The Development of Evolutionary Theory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evolution

Development of Evolutionary Theory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evolution

Development of Evolutionary Theory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evolution

[object Object],[object Object],Development of Evolutionary Theory Evolution

Natural Selection and Speciation

Charles Darwin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Darwin Pieces Together the Puzzle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Voyage of the Beagle: Ports of Call Noted that populations of organisms were slightly different from place to place Each group was modified to their specific environment

Land Iguana Marine Iguana The Galapagos Iguanas

The Origin of Species Interactive Exploration The Galapagos Finches

Charles Lyell Darwin Pieces Together the Puzzle Author of “ Principles of Geology” This book helped Darwin realize that the earth is old and changes slowly over time.

[object Object],[object Object],Darwin Pieces Together the Puzzle Thomas Malthus 18th Century Economist

[object Object],Darwin Pieces Together the Puzzle http://www.esp.org/books/darwin/variation/facsimile/title3.html

What Darwin Learned from Artificial Selection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Darwin Pieces Together the Puzzle

Lamarck’s View of Evolution ,[object Object],Darwin Pieces Together the Puzzle

Darwin’s View of Evolution Darwin Pieces Together the Puzzle Those giraffes with longer necks got more food and were better able to survive to reproduce, passing on the long-neck genes to their offspring. Over time, giraffes evolved longer necks.

“ Of course, long before you mature, most of you will be eaten.” 4 Key Ideas of Natural Selection

Evolution Through Natural Selection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Natural Selection

4 Main Points of Natural Selection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Natural Selection

Fitness Defined ,[object Object],The Fittest Survive

Darwin Today… Natural Selection in action … causes a frequency of certain alleles in a population to increase or decrease over time!

Click the Link Below to Access the Cartoon ,[object Object],[object Object]

Speciation Results in Biodiversity

Speciation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Reproductive Barriers and Speciation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Geographic Isolation ,[object Object],[object Object]

Temporal Isolation (Seasonal) ,[object Object]

Behavioral Isolation ,[object Object],[object Object]

Mechanical Isolation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Black sage and white sage plants invite different pollinators ,[object Object],[object Object]

Two populations live in different habitats and mating occurs in those habitats, thus their own gene pool. Land Iguana Marine Iguana Ecological Isolation

After Mating Genetic Differences Occur ,[object Object],[object Object]

Patterns in Evolution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object]

Evolution Produces Biodiversity

Evolution Produces Diversity ,[object Object]

Archaebacteria ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Eubacteria ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Protist ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Fungi ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Plant ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Animal ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Taxonomy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],“ Kings play chess on fine green silk”

Linnean Taxonomy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Linnean Taxonomy

Evolution Evidence to Support Evolution

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Scientists from many disciplines including biology, chemistry, physics, geology, and paleontology have contributed to the case for evolution! Evidence to Support Evolution

The Origin of Life ,[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Miller-Urey Experiment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Miller-Urey Apparatus Evidence to Support Evolution

Biological Evolution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Geology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Geology ,[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Hutton (1785) and Hadrian’s Wall

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Geology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

The Fossil Record ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

[object Object],[object Object],The Fossil Record

The Fossil Record ,[object Object],[object Object],Fossil Archaeopteryx

What does the fossil record tell us? http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/04/3/quicktime/l_043_01.html ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Fossil Record ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Determining the Age of Fossils ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Determining the Age of Fossils ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Radioactive/Radiometric Dating ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Scientist Measure the Age of the Earth ,[object Object],http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/03/3/quicktime/l_033_01.html

Carbon-14 Dating - Determines the age of fossils of a biological origin up to approx. 50,000 years old. - used in dating things such as bone, cloth, wood, plant fibers, etc. 5,700 year is C 14 half-life

Half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years

Half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years 22,920 11,460 28,650 17,190

Radiometric Dating Evidence to Support Evolution Radioactive Parent Stable Daughter Half life Potassium 40 Argon 40 1.25 billion yrs Rubidium 87 Strontium 87 48.8 billion yrs Thorium 232 Lead 208 14 billion years Uranium 235 Lead 207 704 million years Uranium 238 Lead 206 4.47 billion years Carbon 14 Nitrogen 14 5730 years

The Geologic Time Scale ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Comparative Embryology ,[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Comparative Embryology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Comparative Biochemistry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Anatomy and Comparative Anatomy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Anatomy: Homologous Structures ,[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Anatomy: Analogous Structures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evidence to Support Evolution

Explore Human Evolution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Order Primate ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What Characteristics do Humans Have? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Steps to Human Evolution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Hominid Family ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Genus Australopithecus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Australopithecines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Genus Homo ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Homo habilis “The Tool Man” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Homo erectus “The Upright Man” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Homo sapiens “The Wise Man” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Neanderthals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cro Magnons and Fully Modern Humans ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Evolution natural selection_and_speciation 2011

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Evolution natural selection_and_speciation 2011