1. By :
Kimberley
Baudanza,
Brooke Luckie,
Markelle Rollins

2. The most common serious neurological
condition in the world with a commonness of one
percent of the population is epilepsy. Epilepsy
mostly occurs in children and the elderly, although
there are many methods of management twenty-
five percent of the children diagnosed still suffer
from uncontrolled seizures. A treatment option
that has been used since 1921 is the Ketogenic
diet (KD). An analysis formed from nineteen
studies, with over a thousand eighty-four pediatric
patients tested was completed in 1998 by Blue
Cross Blue Shield. Overall the end results of the
diet in pediatric epileptic patients was, sixteen
percent became seizure free, thirty two percent
had a ninety percent reduction in seizures and
fifty six percent had half as many seizures as
before. The diet is high in fat, moderate in protein,
and low in carbohydrates. In order for this diet to
“An Overview of the Ketogenic Diet
for Pediatric Epilepsy”
Author : Zupec-Kania BA, Spellman E.
Children's Hospital of Wisconsin,
Nutritional Services, Milwaukee, WI
53122, USA. bkania@chw.org

5. • Buda P, Wieteska-Klimczak A,
Własienko A, Mazur A,
Ziołkowski J, Jaworska J,
Kościesza A, Dunin-Wąsowicz
D, Książyk J.
• Source
• Department of Pediatrics, The
Children's Memorial Health
Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
pubmed/23996884
• Exogenous LP (ELP) is associated with the aspiration or inhalation of oil
present in food, oil-based medications or radiographic contrast media.
The clinical manifestations of LP range from asymptomatic cases to
severe pulmonary involvement, with respiratory failure and death,
according to the quantity and duration of the aspiration. The diagnosis
of exogenous lipoid pneumonia is based on a history of exposure to oil
and the presence of lipid-laden macrophages on sputum or
bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) analysis. High-resolution computed
tomography (HRCT) is the imaging technique of choice for evaluation
of patients with suspected LP. The best therapeutic strategy is to
remove the oil as early as possible through bronchoscopy with
multiple BALs and interruption in the use of mineral oil. Steroid
therapy remains controversial, and should be reserved for severe
cases. We describe a case of LP due to oil aspiration in 3-year-old girl
with intractable epilepsy on ketogenic diet. Diagnostic problems were
due to non-specific symptoms that were mimicing serious infectious
pneumonia. A high index of suspicion and precise medical history is
required in cases of refractory pneumonia and fever unresponsive to
conventional therapy. Gastroesophageal reflux and a risk of aspiration
may be regarded as relative contraindications to the ketogenic diet.
Conservative treatment, based on the use of oral steroids, proved to
be an efficient therapeutic approach in this case.
• Citation • Summary
Ketogenic diet for epilepsy By:
markelle Rollins

6. Personal Diet List
Food Item
Number of
Servings
Serving Size Total grams
ASPARAGUS-CKD-BOILED
-DRAINED-W/SALT
0.5 1 CUP 90 grams
FINFISH-TROUT-MIXED SPECIES
-COOKED-DRY HEAT
1 1 FILLET 62 grams
WATER-BOTTLED-PERRIER 1 1 c 236.31 grams
YOGURT-PLAIN-WHOLE MILK
-8 GRAMS PROTEIN PER 8 OZ
1
1 CNTR8 OZ NT
WT
227 grams
CHEESE FOOD-COLD PACK
-AMERICAN
1
1 PKG NT WT 8
OZ
227 grams
TURKEY ROLL-LIGHT MEAT 2 1 SLICES 56.7 grams
BLACKBERRIES-RAW 1 1 c 144 grams
SOY MILK-FLUID 1 1 c 240 grams
EGGS-CHICKEN-WHOLE-CKD
-SCRAMBLED
2 1 EGG 120 grams
Personal diet list

7. BREAKFAST Scrambled eggs, blackberries and vanilla soy milk
LUNCH Turkey roll , American cheese, water
SNACK Greek yogurt
DINNER Trout, asparagus
Ketogenic Diet for epilepsy diet
analysis

8. Analysis results
Analysis Results
Nutrient Total Rec. %Rec
Calories 1465.87 2200 66.63%
Pro (g) 103.15 48 214.9%
Fat (g) 92.51 73.33 126.16%
Carb (g) 58.96 --
Fiber (g) 12.21 30 40.7%
Cal (mg) 1651.6 1000 165.16%
Iron (mg) 8.34 10 83.4%
Na (mg) 3200.11 2400 133.34%
Pot (mg) 2534.57 --
Phos (mg) 1822.53 700 260.36%
Ash (g) 17.63 330 5.34%
vitA (IU) 3536.52 4000 88.41%
vitC (mg) 41.65 75 55.53%
Thia (mg) 1.05 1.1 95.45%
Ribo (mg) 2.58 1.1 234.55%
Nia (mg) 9.9 14 70.71%
H2O % 78.91 Female 19-30 --
satF (g) 46.68 24.44 191%
monoF (g) 28.83 24.44 117.96%
polyF (g) 8.71 24.44 35.64%
Chol (mg) 667.45 300 222.48%

9. Literature View
Brooke Luckie
Citation
Mark T. Mackay, et al. "Efficacy Of The
Ketogenic Diet: Which Epilepsies
Respond?." Epilepsia (Series 4) 53.3
(2012): e55-e59. Academic Search
Complete. Web. 9 Oct. 2013.
Summary
The ketogenic diet is a medically
supervised, high-fat, low-carbohydrate,
and moderate-protein diet, which has
been successful in patients with refractory
epilepsy. Epilepsy is a disorder of
abnormal brain activity and the major sign
is recurrent seizures. This diet has helped
significantly reduce and even removed
seizures from the individuals. The studies
involving the care of epilepsy using the
ketogenic diet has been surprisingly
responsive. The fat in the diet is not yet
known exactly why this greatly reduces
the seizures and abnormal brain activity
among individuals.

10. Brooke Luckie
Days Menu
Food Item Number of Servings Serving Size Total Grams
CHEESE FOOD-COLD PACK
-AMERICAN
1 1oz 28.35 grams
EGGS-CHICKEN-WHOLE-CKD
-FRIED
2 1 LRG EGG 92 grams
CREAM-FLUID-HEAVY
WHIPPING
1 1 oz 28.35 grams
COFFEE-BREWED-
PREPARED WITH TAP
WATER
1 1 c 236.8 grams
SOY MILK-FLUID 1 1 c 240 grams
WATER-MUNICIPAL 1 1 c 682.67 grams
CHEESE-CREAM-
PHILADELPHIA-SOFT
1 1 oz 28.35 grams
CELERY-RAW 1 1 STALK 40 grams
CHEESE-NATURAL-
PARMESAN-GRATED
1 1 oz 28.35 grams

11. Brooke Luckie
Days Menu Continued
Food Items Number of Servings Serving Size Total Grams
SQUASH-SUMMER-SCALLOP-
RAW
1 1 c 130 grams
PORK PRODUCTS-CURED-HAM-
WHOLE-FULLY COOKED-
ROASTED
3 1 oz 85 grams
TEA-INSTANT-UNSWEETENED-
LEMON FLAVORED-PREPARED
1 1 CUP WATER+1TSP POWDER 238 grams
SALAD DRESSING-
BLUE+ROQUEFORT CHEESE
-COMMER-REGULAR-WO/SALT
1 1oz 28.35 grams
MUSHROOMS-RAW 1 1 c 70 grams
GUAVAS-STRAWBERRY-RAW 1 1 oz 28.35 grams
SPINACH-RAW 1 1 c 56 grams
LETTUCE-COS OR ROMAINE
-RAW
1 1 pt 112 grams
FISH OIL-SALMON 4 1 oz 113.4 grams

12. Menu Analysis
Brooke Luckie
Nutrient Total Rec. %Rec
Calories 2156.61 2200 98.03%
Pro (g) 67.03 48 139.65%
Fat (g) 197.46 73.33 269.28%
Carb (g) 34.03 --
Fiber (g) 8.84 30 29.47%
Cal (mg) 826.5 1000 82.65%
Iron (mg) 8.81 10 88.1%
Na (mg) 2419.87 2400 100.83%
Pot (mg) 2414.19 --
Phos (mg) 1116.35 700 159.48%
Ash (g) 13.59 330 4.12%
Nutrient Total Rec. %Rec
vitA (IU) 8918.15 4000 222.95%
vitC (mg) 82.5 75 110%
Thia (mg) 1.32 1.1 120%
Ribo (mg) 1.79 1.1 162.73%
Nia (mg) 9.91 14 70.79%
H2O % 67.58 Female
19-30
--
satF (g) 57.88 24.44 236.82%
monoF (g) 53.53 24.44 219.03%
polyF (g) 53.12 24.44 217.35%
Chol (mg) 1137.52 300 379.17%

13. ADEQUACY: The Ketogenic Diet for Epilepsy requires people on a ketogenic diet have
to eat mostly fatty foods, such as butter, cream, and peanut butter.
BALANCE: This diet highly stresses a balance between Foods such as bread, pasta,
fruits, and vegetables have to be severely limited. And the person's total calories and
fluids are also restricted. At every meal, the food has to be measured carefully so that
the right amounts of each food are given. Even a slight departure from the diet can
cancel its effect.
Consensus

14. Consensus
The ketogenic diet is a special high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that helps
to control seizures in some people with epilepsy. It is prescribed by a
physician and carefully monitored by a dietitian. It is more strict, with
calorie, fluid, and protein measurement and occasional restriction than
the modified Atkins diet, which is also used today. Several studies have
shown that the ketogenic diet does reduce or prevent seizures in many
children whose seizures could not be controlled by medications. Over half
of children who go on the diet have at least a 50% reduction in the
number of their seizures. Some children, usually 10-15%, even become
seizure-free. The name ketogenic means that it produces ketones in the
body (keto = ketone, genic = producing). Ketones are formed when the
body uses fat for its source of energy. Usually the body usually uses
carbohydrates (such as sugar, bread, pasta) for its fuel, but because the
ketogenic diet is very low in carbohydrates, fats become the primary fuel
instead. Ketones are one of the more likely mechanisms of action of the
diet; with higher ketone levels often leading to improved seizure control.
However, there are many other theories for why the diet will work.