1. Final project in IT-1(HP2) Joy Kristine P. Ramacula Student Mr. YollyPelegrino IT 1 Instructor

2. BIOTECHNOLOGY Is a technology based on biology when used in agriculture and medicine. The United Nations convention on Biology Diversity defines biotechnology as, any technological application that uses biological system living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use.

3. HISTORY OF BIOTECHNOLOGY Biotechnology is often used to refer to genetic engineering technology of the 21st century, however the term encompasses or wider range and history procedure for modifying biological organisms according to the needs of humanity, going back to the initial modifications of native plants into improve food crops through selection and hybridation.

4. The most practical use of biotechnology, which is still present today, is the cultivation of plants to produce food suitable to humans. Lewis Pasteur(1857)- first use of biotechnology, to convert a food source into another form through the process of fermentation. Chaim Weizmann(1517)- first used a pure microbiological culture in an industrial process, that of manufacturing corn starch using clostridium acetobutlyicum, to produce acetone, which the United Kingdom disparately needed to manufacture explosive during World War.

5. BIOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS Four major Industrial Areas Health Care (medical) Crop production and agriculture Non-food (industrial) Environmental uses

6. ISSUES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY Absence of cure. Ownership and control of genetic information. CLONING- involves the removal of the nucleus from 1 cell and its placement in an unfertilized egg cell whose nucleus has been deactivated or removed.

7. CLONING CLONING- involves the removal of the nucleus from 1 cell and its placement in an unfertilized egg cell whose nucleus has been deactivated or removed. 2 TYPES OF CLONING Reproductive cloning Therapeutic cloning

8. AGRICULTURE Improve field from crops Reduce vulnerability of crops to environmental stresses Increased nutritional qualities and quantity of food crops Improved taste, texture or appearance of food Reduce dependence on fertilizers pesticides and other agrochemicals.

9. BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING -is a branch of engineering that focuses on biotechnologies and biological constructions. -bioengineering applies engineering principles ta the full spectrum of living systems.

10. HUMAN GENETIC ENGINEERING -can be used to treat genetic disease. -is already used on a small scale to allow already women with genetic defects in their mitochondria to have children. -has the potential to change human being appearance, adaptability, intelligence character and behavior.