Recommandé
Contenu connexe
Tendances
En vedette
Similaire à Grammar Book
Similaire à Grammar Book (20)
Plus de lillie_russell
Plus de lillie_russell (7)
Dernier
Dernier (20)
Grammar Book
- 2. 1. Preterite 2. Demonstrative Adjectives + Pronouns 3. Ordinal numbers 4. Prepositions 5. Future 6. Imperfect 7. Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns 8. Reflexives TABLE OF CONTENTS
- 3. PRETERITE AR é Amos Aste ó Aron Er/ir í Imos Iste Ió Ieron Preterito Car Gar Zar Spock Verbs Dar/ ver Di/ vi Dimos/ vimos Diste/ viste Dio/ vio Dieron/ vieron Ir/ ser Fui Fuimos Fuiste Fue Fueron Hacer Hice Hicimos Hiciste Hizo Hicieron Snake/ Snakey Stem Changers Dormí Dormiste Durmió Dormimos Durmieron Y Changers Leí Leímos Leíste Leyó Leyeron Cucaracha Verbs Andar Anduv- Estar Estuv- Poder Pud- Poner Pus- Quere Quis- Saber Sup- Tener Tuv- Venir Vin- Conducir Conduj- Producir Produj- Traducir Traduj- Decir Dij- Traer Traj- Trigger words Ayer, anoche, anteayer, la semana pasada, el mes pasado, el año pasado -e -iste -o -imos -isteis -ieron -car yo -qué -gar yo -gué -zar yo -cé
- 4. Masculine Este Estos Ese Esos Aquel Aquellos Masculine éste éstos ése ésos aquél aquéllos Adjectives Pronouns DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES + PRONOUNS Feminine Esta Estas Ese Esas Aquella Aquellas When you point out specific things, you use demonstrative adjectives and pronouns. A demonstrative adjective describes the location of a noun in relation to a person. Feminine ésta éstas ésa ésas aquélla aquéllas They are used in place of the adjective and the noun. They are the same as the demonstrative adjectives expect they have an accent. There are also demonstrative pronouns that refer to ideas or unidentified things that do not have a specific gender. -Que es eso?
- 6. PREPOSITIONS English Spanish Down Abajo Up Arriba Under Debajo (de) Inside Dentro (de) Above Encima (de) Outside of Fuera (de) Use de only when a specific location follows the expression. The words arriba and abajo are never followed by de.
- 7. You can either use ir + a + infinitive or the future tense. Generally you will use the ir + a+ infinitive or the present tense to express the future where intention is strong and the event will happen soon. You form the future tense by adding a special set of endings to the infinite. With some verbs, you have to change the form of the infinitive slightly before adding the future tense ending. You still use the same future tense endings. FUTURE Comer (to eat) Comeré Comeremos Comerás Comeréis Comerá Comerán All verbs have the same endings in the future tense. Infinitive Future stem Decir Dir- Hacer Har- Poner Pondr- Salir Saldr- Tener Tendr- Valer Valdr- Venir Vendr- Poder Podr- Querer Querr- Saber Sabr- The future tense is often associated with plans, predictions, or events that are less certain.
- 8. Can be used -to speak about background events in a story -to talk about something you used to do as a matter of habit -to speak about how old someone was -to say what time it was -ar Cantar -er Tener -ir Salir Cantaba Tenia Salía Cantabas Tenias Salías Cantaba Tenia Salía Cantábamos Teníamos Salíamos Cantabais Teníais Salíais Cantaban Tenían Salían IMPERFECT -er and –ir verb endings include –ia. -ar verb endings include –aba/ -ába. Ser Ir Ver Era Iba Veía Eras Ibas Veías Era Iba Veía Éramos Íbamos Veíamos Erais Ibais Veíais Eran Iban Veían Here are the only verbs that don’t follow the regular pattern.
- 9. These show personal relationships of possessions. All of them agree in gender and number with the nouns they describe. Long form- singular Mio Nuestro Tuyo Vuestro Suyo suyo Possessive adjectives Possessive pronouns POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES AND PRONOUNS Long form- plural Mios Nuestros Tuyos Vuestros Suyos suyos These also form personal relationships. To form one, you 1. Use the long form of he possessive adjective 2. Add el, la, los, las according to the gender and number of the noun it replaces A verb used reflexively tells you that only the subject of the verb is involved in the action. When using a reflexive verb in the infinitive form, attach the pronoun to the infinitive.
- 10. You can use direct object pronouns with verbs. The subject and the direct object are different. Reflexive verbs take a reflexive pronoun. While the usual direct object is different from the subject, a reflexive pronoun is the same person, place, thing as the subject. The subject and the direct object are the same person; you call this object reflexive. REFLEXIVES Reflexive pronouns Me Nos Te Os Se Se