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C

AB
AB

C
AB

D

D
P

Q

P
AB

AB

Q
1.
2.
3.

4.
5.

( SIMILARITY )

theorem

Menelaus'

(Ceva's theorem)
∆ABC
BC, CA , AB

F

BD CE AF
DC EA FB

D,E,

1

A
F

B

E

C

D
S

A
F

∆ ABC
B

BD
A ,B,CCE AF
DC EA FB

F

1

S
D,E,

E
S
D

C
ABCD
u กับv และv sin θ

u v sin θ
1
u v sin θ
2

ABCD
ABD

AB u และ
AD v
1.
1.
P
CP

2.

CQ

CA
CB
AP
PB

AP
PB
AQ
BQ

AB

P,Q

∆CP
ABC CQ
C
Q AB
P,Q
CA AQ
CB QB

AB

C
2.

A

ABC
B

C

BC

X AX
=

1.

BC

ABC

X
AX
2.

ˆ
A
B

P
ˆQ
A
AB BX
AX

C

AC XC

3.
AP
AQ

BX PX
AB AP
AC AQ
CX
APB
AQC QX
PX
AP AQ
QX
AQ QX

=
P,Q

BPX

=
AX

CQX
PQRS
PS
B
D
AB

QR
PR
C,D

AB

PQ
C

RS
PS

A ,
AB
A , PS
C
1.

2.

PQRS
QR
B
PS
AB
C,D

AD BS PQ
AB
DB SPQA

Menelaus BR QP
AC
AQB CB RQ PA
Menelaus

D

PQ
PR

RS
AB

1

1

CB RQ PA
CRPAC BR QP

1
3.

PQB

4.
AD BS PQ
DB SP QA

AD CB
DB AC

SRA

PS
Menelaus BR QA 1
SBRQ AP
CB RQPA . PS BR QA
1.

AC BR QP

SBRQ AP

AC AD
CB BD

1

C,D

AB
AB

A
C

B
A

B

C
AB
1.

K
AK

L
L
2.

LN

3.

AB
A

AM

BL

N
D

CK
D

K
M

BK
AB
1.
1.
2.

P
M

Q

ˆ
ˆ
sin A P sin A Q
M
M
ˆ
ˆ
sin A B sin B Q
M
M

l

AB

AB

MA , MB , MP
MQ
A , B , P และQ
P

Q

AP AQ
PB BQ

AB

พท AMP พท AMQ
..
..
พท PMB พท BMQ
..
..

1
ABC AB sin A C
BC ˆ
B
2
1
ˆ
AM sin A P
MP M
2
1
ˆ
PM sin P B
MB M
2

1
ˆ
AM sin A Q
MQ M
2
1
ˆ
BM sin B Q
MQ M
2

ˆ
ˆ
sin A P sin A Q
M
M
ˆ
ˆ
sin A B sin B Q
M
M

M

A'

A

P'

P

B'

B

Q'

l

Q
.

พื้นทีA MP
่' '
พื้นทีPMB
่' '
พื้นทีA MQ
่' '
พื้นทีBMQ
่' '
sin AMP sin AMQ
sin PMB sin BMQ

1
M
MAMPsin AMP MAsin AMP
' '
'
2
1
'
l
Q'
MPMBsin PMB MBsin PMB
' '
B'
P'
2
A'
1
MAMQsin AMP MAsin AMQ
' '
'
2
1
'
MBMQsin BMQ MBsin BMQ A
' '
P B
Q
2
'
'
พื้นทีA MP MAsin AMP MAsin AMQ พื้นทีA MQ
่' '
่' '
พื้นทีPMB MBsin PMB MBsin BMQ พื้นทีBMQ
่' '
'
'
่' '

A MP PMB A MQ ฺ' MQ
' ' , ' ' , ' ' และ B '
AP
' '
PB
' '

AQ
' '
BQ
' '

M
P

Q

AB
P,Q

AB

AB

AP,

AQ

P,Q

AB
AP AQ
PB BQ

AP PB AB AP
AQ BQ AQ AB
APAQ AB AQAB AP
(
)
(
)

2 1 1
AB AP AQ

AP, AB

AQ
1.

1.1.

1.2.

1.3.

BC

A ,PS

X

ABC

AX

PQRS
QR
B

A
B
PS

PR

C
RS
AB
2.

C
AB

A

C ,D

B
AB

D

AB
3.

P

3.1

Q

AB
AB

ˆ
ˆ
sin A P sin A Q
M
MM
ˆ
ˆ
sin A B sin B Q
M
M

A3.2., P และQ
,B

MQ

3.3.

l

P,Q

MA , MB , MP

AB
4.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

.(

).

[
]
http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/
25
2555.
[
]
http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/
25
2555.
(2554).
MY MATHS.
.(2553)
.(2544). “
”
15
:
,

:
:
(Harmonic section).

2544
The Geometer’s Sketchpad

(GSP)
The Geometer’s
Sketchpad (GSP)
A
BC
X
AX
B

ABC
C
The Geometer’s Sketchpad
(GSP)
PQRS
B
D

PS
PR

RS
AB
C,D

A,PS
C
AB

QR
PS

AB
MQ

AB

AB

The Geometer’s Sketchpad (GSP)
P
Q
M
l
MA , MB , MP

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