This document is prepared by Mehmet Kır. It includes history about World and Turkish aviation history.

1. Aviation for People
People studied carefully birds throughout
centuries,and they designed heavier than a vehichle at the
end of 18th century. To started this story with balloons,then
it turned back to production of aircrafts.In the course of
19th century, specialists and creators worked on the
essential axioms of flight,probing with gliders and graceless
steam-forced flying vehicles and quintessence. But it took
the interminable endeavor of the Wright brothers,in
research and development among 1899 and 1905, to in
conclusion work out feasible powered aircraft avigation.
In June 5,1783, the
Montgolfier brothers carried on the
incipient communal display of a
hot-air balloon,and the following
November François Pilatre de
Rozier built the first reinforcement Wright Brohers
raise. The Montgolfier Brothers
made the next flight across the
crowded including Benjamin
Franklin in Paris.Also, they putted a
rooster and sheep in the basket.
Ballons were only limited to move on by the wind
direction. Eventhough, it was produced many remoted-balloons
during 18th century,the first flight with this vehichles was
achieved by Alberto Santos Demont who is a Brazilian
aviatior.He developed an air vehicle which has piston engine.In
1901, he flew the half hour his air vehicle on Eiffel Tower, a
competition held in Paris.
Aviation History
1.Process Period / 1903-1938
Wright Brothers flew the first time in North Carolina,
December 17,1903, were adhering to the theory of aerodynamic
sound.This airplane has two propellers.In the first test, Orville
had flew just 12 seconds and logged to 37 meters. Wright
Brothers produced a volant aircraft but they don’t know how it will fly. Gleen H.Curtis who was a
Canadian aviator,made the first U.S. offical flight in 1908.
1 Aviation for People | Mehmet KIR - 2012

2. Louis Bleriot, who is a French aviator, is the first person to flew
at English Channel in June 25,1909. Raymonde de Laroche was the
first woman who used a heavier-than-air airplane,so she received pilot
license as being a woman in the world.
The first airline service open cockpit and the aircraft began to
be issued landing teams taildragger. Then the aircrafts which has
landing gears were devoloped.
Aircrafts was used in the war. Firstly, Bulgaria used aircrafts
Louis Bleriot is the first person against Ottoman Empire during World War I.With World War II,
to flew at English Channel. producing aircrafts was developed. Many countries bought big and
powered aircrafts to add their inventory. Although the civil air
transportation started in 1903 with the civil purpose , aviation has become a sector in field
military due to the political crises and wars in the early 20th century. World countries took
advantage from from aviation in the wars.
Commercial Air Transportation and Aviation industry starts with the American Postal
Service. British Airways, KLM , Sabena and Air France is the first airlines companies in Europe.
The first convention was prepared in 1919 held in Paris. This has to be under the rules of the
international aviation activities after the convention. The first international passenger transport
has started in 1919 between London and Paris. The first airport built in this term. The first
passenger plane with 22 passengers capacity DC-3. It is made of metal, and this aircraft range
900 miles long and stretches from the period.
Process stage remained limited to transport mail.The brink of the Second World War,
1938 late interest with air transport activities slowed and this period has ended.
2.Growing Period / 1938-1958
Aircrafts which designed in growing term, was long-range , the big load capacities and
more safer because Second World War was the war that to be intercontinental and orient
aviation sector.
In this term, navigation system were developed such as DME and VOR. The growing
period ended with the first jet-powered aircraft to enter service.
3.Maturity Period / 1958-1978
In 1969, the first wide-body aircrafts ,which is Boeing B-747 has 550 passenger seats,
was produced. With the using wide-body aircrafts, marketing and costing problem was started.
The air transportation was more developed with improving technical skills. The maturity period
ended with USA opened their inside air space.
Deregulation Period is the final period in aviation history.
2 Aviation for People | Mehmet KIR - 2012

3. Aviation is not a dream for Turkey
Flying at the sky is a passion for Turkish people.When the world met the aviation, There
was no energy of the sky facing the people of Anatolia. People of Anatolia was unable to fathom
the propeller object which flies upper of their because of collapsed an empire,wars and
nonexistence. That’s why this people called it as “Tayyare” ,that is “iron bird” as a Turkish
meaning. Whereas this iron bird would irrevocable of the life when the war return the peace.
Firstly, Ottoman Empire was tailing the development of aviation.
3 Aviation is not a dream for Turkey | Mehmet KIR - 2012

4. In 1912, It was established
two hangars and small aerodrome
in Yesilkoy,Istanbul without having
an aircraft. We can be see more
important development after
founded Turkish Republic.
According to Mustafa Kemal
Atatürk, who is founder of Turkish
Republic, this iron bird should
uncage.In 1925, Turkish
Aeronautical Association was
established in Turkey led by Atatürk. During the time, Aviation was very developed in the world
especially the United States and Europe,but this development was irregular. While the world was
flying irregularly, Turkey enacted the first aviation law in
September 9,1925.
When the world polarized in 1933, young the Turkish
Republic was developing yourself from day to day.The first air
transportation in Turkey was started with “Türk Hava Postaları” -
has 5 aircrafts- in order to transport news and
announcement.Then, this cooperation turned to “General
Directorate of State Aiports Authority/ Devlet Havayolları İşletmesi”
.
In 1936, Nuri Demirağ who is
a strong business man in Republic
time, established an aircraft factory in Mustafa Kemal Atatürk who is
founder of Turkish Republic
Istanbul. He also built an aerodrome
like Amsterdam Airport. It was
necessary to set up an Aviation school for to educate new pilots,so
Nuri Demirağ
Gök Okulu was founded. 290 pilots were graduated from
this school in a decade. In 1956, Turkish Airlines was
founded. It has 60 million Turkish Liras when the company was established.Then, Turkish
aviation development were decreased. The government invested the building new road and
railways. But, Turkey did not neglect aviation because Cyprus dispute was started. In 1984,
Lütfü Renda who is an entrepreneur, founded Istanbul Airlines. In 1998, this company was a big
particular partnership in Airlines business sector in Turkey.
Today, Turkish Aviation sector is devoloping from time to time. Building new airports and
new airlines company support by government. Turkish Airlines is still big airlines company in
Turkey. This company is a sponsor in many sporting activities such as football,basketball and
4 Aviation is not a dream for Turkey | Mehmet KIR - 2012

5. tennis.Turkish Airlines is a main sponsor football teams as Barcelona F.C. and Manchester United
in Europe.
5 / | Mehmet KIR - 2012