Presented by Aaron Pakenham.

1. Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation

2. Scenario
An unconscious individual near some sort
of electrical hazard. There’s no one in the
vicinity but there is a house nearby which
has a telephone. You do not have a
mobile. What do you do?
 Checking that the individual is unconscious - 4marks
 Examining breathing – 5 marks
 CPR technique – 11 marks

3. What to do…
 Give student ID to examiner
 Speak through the procedure

4. Danger
 Talk your way through the initial part about DANGER
 Assess the scene
 “I see an unconscious man lying on his back”
 Assess the danger
 “I ensure the safety for myself and victim”
 “I can’t see any danger – there are no wires touching the
individual, no broken glass…”

5. Response
 “I check for victim’s response”
 Shake the victim and rock shoulders
 Pinch ear or sternal rub (providing different stimuli)
 Ask loudly in both ears (incase they are deaf in one ear)
 “Sir! Sir! Can you hear me?”
 Response – Leave them in the same position and get help
 No Response – SHOUT “Help” 3 times
Now make sure the victim is in Supine Position
(head facing the sky, on their back looking up)

6. Airway
 “Check for any cervical spine injuries”
 Feel the cervical spine region
 “No signs of injury”
 Head tilt, Chin Lift
 Tilt the head back
 Raise the victim’s chin
 Check for airway potency
 Open the mouth using two fingers
 “There are no airway obstructions of foreign material”

7. Breathing
 Keep the airway open
 “I will now check for signs of
normal breathing”
 Put your cheek next to the victim’s mouth
 Look – for chest rise
 Listen – for breath sounds
 Feel – air on the cheek
Do this for 10 seconds – count out loud

8. Breathing (cont’d)
 If the victim is breathing normally
 Put them in the recovery position
 Then call an ambulance
 Keep checking for breathing
 If the victim isn’t breathing
 Call an ambulance
 “Since there is no bystander around and both the victim and I do
not have a phone – I would try the house near by”
 “Once I have called the ambulance, I will return to the victim and
commence CPR”
 Then start the CPR procedure

9. CPR Procedure
 Technique
 Kneel by the side of the victim
 Place the heel of one palm on the middle of the victim’s chest
with the other hand interlocked above.
 Find the middle of the chest (you can do it 2 ways):
 2 fingers on either side of the nipple
 Put the heel of your palm, 2 fingers above the xiphoid process
 Keep your arms completely straight
 Tower over the chest on your knees
If your arms aren’t straight you WILL LOOSE MARKS

10. 30 Compressions
 Press down on the sternum
 4-5 cm (1/3 of chest height) right under the inter-nipple
(horizontal) line.
If you push down too hard you will hear clicking and you WILL
LOOSE MARKS
 Rate of compressions
 2 per second (about 100-120 a minute)
 Rhythm – ‘1 and, 2 and, 3 and…) or Nelly the elephant song
 Do 30 compressions…
….followed by 2 rescue breaths

11. 2 Rescue Breaths
 To give the rescue breaths:
 pinch the nose shut using your index finger and thumb
 Keep your palm on his forehead.
 Chin lift with the other hand
 opens the airway.
 Take a deep breath in
 Form a tight seal around the victim’s mouth with your own
 Exhale air fully and at a steady rate
 In such a way that you can see the chest rise
See if the chest moves up and down as you breathe.

12. Finish
 Keep doing and repeating:
 30 chest compressions at 100/min
 followed by 2 rescue breaths
 Until:
 The ambulance or help arrives
 The individual starts breathing
 Put them in the recovery position
 I am completely exhausted

13. Extra bits and bobs
 In case of a toddler or drowned individual
 Initially, 5 rescue breaths
 30 compressions
 Followed by 2 rescue breaths
 In case of a baby
 Use two fingers for compressions
 In a situation when not able to give rescue breaths – give
compressions only

14. Ace the Station
 Be calm!
 A relaxed station
 Student takes full command
 Not asked any medical questions
 Memorise CPR procedure that is in your red practical books
- those are the guidelines the examiner
DON’T USE ANY OTHER GUIDELINES FROM THE NET!
 Speak out loud the CPR procedure
 Practice!

15. Thank you
Questions?