Contenu connexe
Similaire à Ch. 3 HTML5, CIS 110 13F (20)
Ch. 3 HTML5, CIS 110 13F
- 1. WEB DEVELOPMENT & DESIGN
FOUNDATIONS WITH HTML5
Chapter 3
Key Concepts
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
1
- 2. LEARNING OUTCOMES
Apply inline, embedded (aka internal), external style sheets
Configure element, class, id, and contextual selectors
Use the W3C CSS Validator
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
2
- 3. CASCADING STYLE SHEETS (CSS)
CSS Demo: http://www.csszengarden.com
CSS:
Desktop publishing style sheet technology
for Web Dev
W3C standard => cross-platform
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
3
- 4. CSS
ADVANTAGES
Separates style (CSS) from structure
(HTML)
Styles can be stored in a separate file
=> Easier site maintenance
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
4
- 5. TYPES OF CASCADING STYLE
SHEETS (1)
External
Embedded (aka Internal)
Inline
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
5
- 6. Inline Styles
CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
◦ body section
◦ HTML style attribute
◦ applies to one element
Embedded/Internal Styles
◦ head section
◦ HTML style element
◦ applies to entire web page
External Styles
◦ Separate .css file
◦ Connect to web page w/link element in head section
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
6
- 7. CSS SYNTAX
Style sheets are composed of Style Rules
Style Rule: Selector & Declaration
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
7
- 8. CSS Example
Web page w/ blue text, yellow background:
body { color: blue;
background-color: yellow; }
OR use HEX triple color codes (ch. 7-8, FIT5):
body { color: #0000FF;
background-color: #FFFF00; }
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
8
- 9. COMMON
CSS PROPERTIES
Table 3.1 Common CSS Properties:
◦ background-color
◦ color
◦ font-family
◦ font-size
◦ font-style
◦ font-weight
◦ line-height
◦ margin
◦ text-align
◦ text-decoration
◦ width
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
9
- 10. USING COLOR ON WEB PAGES
monitors display color as
intensities of Red/Green/Blue
light
RGB values 0 .. 255
Hexadecimal numbers (base 16)
are shorthand notation:
0 .. 255 == 00 .. FF
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
10
- 11. HEXADECIMAL
COLOR VALUES
# indicates hex digits
Hex pairs 00 .. FF
Three hex pairs => RGB as HEX TRIPLE
#000000 black
#FFFFFF white
#FF0000 red
#00FF00 green
#0000FF blue
#CCCCCC grey
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
11
- 12. INLINE CSS
Inline CSS
Style Attribute
Example:
<h1 style="color:#ff0000">Heading text is red</h1>
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
14
- 13. CSS EMBEDDED/INTERNAL STYLES
Style element in head section
=> Internal Style Sheet
Rules apply to entire web page
<style>
body { background-color: #000000;
color: #FFFFFF;
}
</style>
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
16
- 14. CSS properties for configuring text:
font-weight
font-style
font-size
font-family
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
19
- 15. THE FONT-FAMILY PROPERTY
p {font-family: Arial, Verdana, “Courier New”, sans-serif;}
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
21
- 16. CSS SELECTORS
simple selector
=> selects html element(s)
class selector
=> selects "class" of elements
id selector
=> selects ONE element on a web page
contextual selector (aka descendent)
=> selects all nested elements
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
23
- 17. USING CSS WITH “CLASS”
Define the class:
<style>
.new { color: #FF0000;
font-style: italic;
}
</style>
Apply the class:
<p class=“new”>This is text is red and in italics</p>
<h4 class=“new”>More Red Italics</h4>
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
24
- 18. USING ID SELECTORS
Define the id Selector:
Web Field Trip:
octothorn, octalthorp,
octatherp, octothorpe (#)
<style>
#new { color: #FF0000;
font-size:2em;
font-style: italic;
}
</style>
Apply the id selector:
<p id=“new”>This is text is red, large, and in italics</p>
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
25
- 19. CONTEXTUAL SELECTOR
Select element within context of its
container (parent) element.
AKA descendent selector
example applies only to
<style>
#footer a {
color: green;
}
</style>
links located w/in element tagged
id=’footer’
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
26
- 21. SPAN ELEMENT EXAMPLE
<style>
.companyname { font-weight: bold;
font-size: larger; }
</style>
<p>Your needs are important to us at <span
class=“companyname">Acme Web Design</span>.
We will work with you to build your Web site.</p>
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
28
- 22. EXTERNAL STYLE SHEETS
CSS style rules stored in a .css file
may contain style rules only
may not contain any HTML tags
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
29
- 23. EXTERNAL STYLE SHEETS 2
Multiple web pages can associate with
the same external style sheet file.
site.css
body {background-color:#E6E6FA;
color:#000000;
font-family:Arial, sans-serif;
font-size:90%; }
h2 { color: #003366; }
.nav { font-size: 16px;
font-weight: bold; }
index.html
clients.html
about.html
Etc…
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
30
- 24. EXAMPLE
External Style Sheet: color.css
body { background-color: #0000FF;
color: #FFFFFF;
}
To link 110/p3/demo.html to 110/css/color.css:
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/color.css">
</head>
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
32
- 25. CENTERING PAGE CONTENT
WITH CSS
#container { margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
width:80%; }
Example: services.html
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
34
- 27. W3C CSS VALIDATION
http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/
Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris
Wednesday, October 23, 13
36