4. A statement by the NAEYC on ‘Media Violence
and Children’ (NAEYC, 1990) reports that
violence levels on TV have increased since 1980
and is still increasing.
• 1986, air time for war cartoons increased to 43
hours per week, compare this to 1.5 hours per
week back in 1982.
• In the same report it asserts that in 1980 there
was a recorded number 18.6 acts of violence
per hour and had increased to about 26.4 in
1993. (Smith, 1993)

5. In a task-force report by the APA on ‘TV
and Society’ (Huston, et al., 1992)
shows that
• average child (which watches 2-4
hours of TV daily) will leave
elementary school having already
witnessed 8,000 murders and more
than 100,000 other various acts of
violence on TV(Smith, 1993)

6. George Gerbner carried out
studies at the University of
Pennsylvania that show that
children's television shows display
about 20 violent acts each hour.
(Abelard, 2013)

8. A Journal from the Kaiser Family Foundation
organisation (KFF) called Key Facts, released an
edition where it is titled ‘TV Violence’. The journal
gives the following facts in their #3335 edition on
TV Violence.

9. • Nearly 2 out of 3 TV programs contained some
violence, averaging about 6 violent acts per
hour.
• Fewer than 5% of these programs featured an
anti-violence theme or pro-social message
emphasizing alternatives to or consequences of
violence.

10. • Violence was found to be more prevalent in
children’s programming (69%) than in other types
of programming (57%). In a typical hour of
programming, children’s shows featured more
than twice as many violent incidents than other
types of programming
• The average child who watches 2 hours of
cartoons a day may see nearly 10,000 violent
incidents each year, of which the researchers
estimate that at least 500 pose a high risk for
learning and imitating aggression and becoming
desensitized to violence.

11. • The number of prime-time programs with
violence increased over the three years of the
study, from 53% to 67% on broadcast
television and from 54% to 64% on basic
cable. Premium cable networks have the
highest percentage of shows with
violence, averaging 92% since 1994.(Henry J
Kaiser, 2003)

14. Using two groups of kids (A and B), they showed
group A violent clip of a child handling a doll very
aggressively (e.g. hitting and kicking the doll). Later
in the experiment, Group A kids were put in a room
with the same doll, and surprisingly they all treated
the doll in same manner they had seen on the
clip, by hitting and kicking it. Group B, which did not
watch the video, treated the doll well (I.e. normal).
(Oracle, 2011)

15. Children tend to act differently after being exposed to
TV violence. Similar experiment to Bandura and
Ross. A difference was seen between the two
groups, the ones who watched the violent cartoon
were more likely to be impatient, disobedient and
forceful. (Abelard, 2013)

16. • The International Society for Research on
Aggression (IRSA) concludes that the evidence
from TV violence studies are sufficient enough to
show that ‘media violence consumption’ (Telegraph
Reporters, 2012) can activate hostile thoughts or
feelings already within.
• The commission concluded: "One may also
become more vigilant for hostility and aggression in
the world, and therefore, begin to feel some
ambiguous actions by others, such as being
bumped in a crowded room, are deliberate acts of
provocation." (Telegraph Reporters, 2012)

17. Research scientist of Columbia University, Jeffrey
Johnson gave the following statement, "We found that
teenagers who, at mean age 14, watched more than
three hours a day of television were much more likely
than those who watched less than one hour a day of
television to commit subsequent acts of aggression
against other people” (Blakey, 2002)

18. • Also in the science article by Jeffrey. J, a
surprising result to one of his studies he explains
by saying "At mean age 22, the females seem to
be more affected by television, by extensive
television viewing," Jeffrey, actually expected
males at age 14 to be more vulnerable. His theory
as to why is because males seem to watch Violent
TV shows earlier than females (Blakely, 2002)

19. In a research paper by Huesman and Taylor, they
used in their paper a very informative graph that
shows the relative strength of known “public health
threats”. This graph includes media violence, since
their research is gathered therefore TV violence is
considered a health threat. Notice that media
violence is 2nd relatively strong threat.

22. George Gerbner, at the University of
Pennsylvania, has conducted studies
showing that children's television shows
contain about 20 violent acts each hour.
The studies also show that in watching
more TV, children start visualizing the world
as a “dangerous place”. It is for this reason
why some children actually act
aggressive, when they are actually being
defensive (Abelard, 2013)

24. In an Essay by Alison Oatey, the final reason TV
violence is bad from kids is imitation. The child re-
enact the observed performance or deed. Gunter and
McAleer called this “observational learning”.
• The child is never aware that what he is doing is
wrong, we see this as violence although it is a
temporary side-effect, because child will grow up
and learn right from wrong.

25. • An example would be the Jamie Bulger case; it
was a case where 2 youngsters killed a toddler.
Alison Oaty later writes “It is believed that the
two youngsters that killed him had been
watching the film ‘Child’s Play 3’ and had then
imitated the violence they had seen in the film.
This consequently killed Jamie Bulger.”
(Oaty, 1998)

29. An article of the Science Daily News on the 10
December, 2010 was showing a new advance
in scientific study of the brain link to TV
violence. The article titled “This is your Brain on
violent Media” by Columbia University Medical
Centre showed a picture of the parts of your
brain that is affected during the viewing of any
violent media