A look at Church Stained Glass from the period 1830 to 1920, mainly using examples in and around the Surrey area. Special consideration is given to the glass of Clayton & Bell. The PowerPoint is part of a presentation given by Mike Sleigh from Polypodphoto at The Guildford Institute in September 2013.

1. Church Stained Glass
1830‟s – 1920‟s
Part 1
A look at local examples of stained glass from the
period.
Using photographs by Mike Sleigh from
Polypodphoto of Guildford

2. The Victorian period experienced a deep interest in
the study of Gothic design, this coupled with the
upsurge in religious activity and new church
building lead to an explosion of stained glass
manufacturers and designers.
The style became Neo-Gothic, with the
major influences being A W N Pugin,
The Oxford Movement and The Cambridge Camden
Society

3. The influence on Neo-Gothic design by
Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin
(1812 – 1852)
Contrasts (1841)
True Principals of Pointed or Christian Architecture
(1841)
An Apology for the Revival of Christian Architecture
(1843)

7. Drummond Chapel, Albury Old Church.
Design: A W N Pugin. Maker: William Wailes of Newcastle. 1839

8. Drummond Chapel, Albury Old Church.
Design: A W N Pugin. Maker: William Wailes of Newcastle. 1839

9. Drummond Chapel, Albury Old Church.
Design: A W N Pugin. Maker: William Wailes of Newcastle. 1839

10. The increase in population and the rise in religion lead to a
boom in church building
Populace expected to attend church which became the centre
of the community
Anglican, Roman Catholic and Non-conformists
all needed new churches
Wealthy benefactors and sponsors contributed money
New Stained glass windows were often paid for by
subscription „In-memoriam‟

11. St Mary‟s, Guildford. Memorial window to Thomas Andrews.
The Life of St John. Maker: Zettler of Munich. 1896

12. Holy Trinity, Aldershot. Glass by Lavers & Westlake. 1893

13. The study of medieval architecture lead by
The Cambridge Camden Society.
Founded 1839 by undergraduates at Cambridge
University to promote “The study of Gothic
Architecture and of ecclesiastical antiques”
Later known as the Ecclesiological Society
from 1845.
Monthly journal The Ecclesiologist.
Peak influence in 1840‟s. Disbanded 1868.

14. The Oxford Movement. „Tractarianism‟ Begun
in 1833 by John Keble and
John Henry Newman.
Lead to the establishment of Anglo-Catholic
liturgical styles in Anglican churches. Anglo-
Catholicism.
The movement had a major influence in the
layout of churches with the re-instatement of
chancels, alters and the other trappings of ritual
and ceremony.

15. St Nicolas, Guildford.
Glass by Clayton & Bell.

16. Major expansion in Stained Glass window production from
1860‟s onwards.
Many new and restored churches required new Stained
Glass windows.
Architects worked closely with glass designers and
manufacturers.
By the 1860‟s the main companies were using production
line processes to keep up with the demand for new
windows.
Clayton & Bell and Powell & Sons were main players along
with many smaller companies producing high quality
stained glass windows.

17. St Laurence, Seale.
Glass by Clayton & Bell. 1882

18. St Laurence, Seale.
Glass by Clayton & Bell. Window details.

19. St Faith, Havant
Glass by Clayton & Bell. 1882

20. John Hardman was one of the first to produce quality
stained glass. Pugin persuaded him to expand into glass
manufacture in 1845, Pugin was their chief designer until
his death in 1852.
Many stained glass artists trained in the workshops of the
main manufacturers, such as Clayton & Bell, went onto
set up their own glass studios. Such as C E Kempe
, Burlison & Grylls, and Heaton, Butler & Bayne.
All the firms were in the mainstream of the High Anglican
Gothic Revival but each developed their own style but
mostly based on medieval examples.

21. St John, Stoke. East Window
Glass by A L Moore & Co.1881

22. St Mary‟s, Guildford. Jesse Window
Holland of Warwick 1876

23. Holy Trinity, Guildford
Clayton & Bell 1881
St Laurence, Seale
Clayton & Bell 1868

24. St Nicolas, Guildford
Clayton & Bell 1880

25. St Martin, Dorking
Designer: H Holiday of James Powell & Sons 1884

26. St Michael & St George, Aldershot
Glass by Heaton, Butler & Bayne 1890‟s

27. Continues with Part 2

28. www.polypodphoto.co.uk
Mike Sleigh. Photographer
polypod@gmail.com
http://polypodphoto.blogspot.com/
http://britishheritage.blogspot.com/