Church Stained Glass 1830's - 1920's. Part1.
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A look at Church Stained Glass from the period 1830 to 1920, mainly using examples in and around the Surrey area. Special consideration is given to the glass of Clayton & Bell. The PowerPoint is part of a presentation given by Mike Sleigh from Polypodphoto at The Guildford Institute in September 2013.
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Church Stained Glass 1830's - 1920's. Part1.
- 1. Church Stained Glass 1830‟s – 1920‟s Part 1 A look at local examples of stained glass from the period. Using photographs by Mike Sleigh from Polypodphoto of Guildford
- 2. The Victorian period experienced a deep interest in the study of Gothic design, this coupled with the upsurge in religious activity and new church building lead to an explosion of stained glass manufacturers and designers. The style became Neo-Gothic, with the major influences being A W N Pugin, The Oxford Movement and The Cambridge Camden Society
- 3. The influence on Neo-Gothic design by Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (1812 – 1852) Contrasts (1841) True Principals of Pointed or Christian Architecture (1841) An Apology for the Revival of Christian Architecture (1843)
- 7. Drummond Chapel, Albury Old Church. Design: A W N Pugin. Maker: William Wailes of Newcastle. 1839
- 8. Drummond Chapel, Albury Old Church. Design: A W N Pugin. Maker: William Wailes of Newcastle. 1839
- 9. Drummond Chapel, Albury Old Church. Design: A W N Pugin. Maker: William Wailes of Newcastle. 1839
- 10. The increase in population and the rise in religion lead to a boom in church building Populace expected to attend church which became the centre of the community Anglican, Roman Catholic and Non-conformists all needed new churches Wealthy benefactors and sponsors contributed money New Stained glass windows were often paid for by subscription „In-memoriam‟
- 11. St Mary‟s, Guildford. Memorial window to Thomas Andrews. The Life of St John. Maker: Zettler of Munich. 1896
- 12. Holy Trinity, Aldershot. Glass by Lavers & Westlake. 1893
- 13. The study of medieval architecture lead by The Cambridge Camden Society. Founded 1839 by undergraduates at Cambridge University to promote “The study of Gothic Architecture and of ecclesiastical antiques” Later known as the Ecclesiological Society from 1845. Monthly journal The Ecclesiologist. Peak influence in 1840‟s. Disbanded 1868.
- 14. The Oxford Movement. „Tractarianism‟ Begun in 1833 by John Keble and John Henry Newman. Lead to the establishment of Anglo-Catholic liturgical styles in Anglican churches. Anglo- Catholicism. The movement had a major influence in the layout of churches with the re-instatement of chancels, alters and the other trappings of ritual and ceremony.
- 15. St Nicolas, Guildford. Glass by Clayton & Bell.
- 16. Major expansion in Stained Glass window production from 1860‟s onwards. Many new and restored churches required new Stained Glass windows. Architects worked closely with glass designers and manufacturers. By the 1860‟s the main companies were using production line processes to keep up with the demand for new windows. Clayton & Bell and Powell & Sons were main players along with many smaller companies producing high quality stained glass windows.
- 17. St Laurence, Seale. Glass by Clayton & Bell. 1882
- 18. St Laurence, Seale. Glass by Clayton & Bell. Window details.
- 19. St Faith, Havant Glass by Clayton & Bell. 1882
- 20. John Hardman was one of the first to produce quality stained glass. Pugin persuaded him to expand into glass manufacture in 1845, Pugin was their chief designer until his death in 1852. Many stained glass artists trained in the workshops of the main manufacturers, such as Clayton & Bell, went onto set up their own glass studios. Such as C E Kempe , Burlison & Grylls, and Heaton, Butler & Bayne. All the firms were in the mainstream of the High Anglican Gothic Revival but each developed their own style but mostly based on medieval examples.
- 21. St John, Stoke. East Window Glass by A L Moore & Co.1881
- 22. St Mary‟s, Guildford. Jesse Window Holland of Warwick 1876
- 23. Holy Trinity, Guildford Clayton & Bell 1881 St Laurence, Seale Clayton & Bell 1868
- 24. St Nicolas, Guildford Clayton & Bell 1880
- 25. St Martin, Dorking Designer: H Holiday of James Powell & Sons 1884
- 26. St Michael & St George, Aldershot Glass by Heaton, Butler & Bayne 1890‟s
- 27. Continues with Part 2