1. The Layers of
the
Atmosphere
The Earth’s
Atmosphere

3. Troposphe
re

4. • TROPOSPHERE
This is the layer of the atmosphere closest to
the Earth's surface, extending up to about 10-15 km above the
Earth's surface. It contains 75% of the atmosphere's mass. The
troposphere is wider at the equator than at the poles.
Temperature and pressure drops as you go higher up the
troposphere.
The Tropopause: At the very top of the troposphere is the
tropopause where the temperature reaches a (stable) minimum.
Some scientists call the tropopause a "cold trap" because this
is a point where rising water vapor cannot go higher because it
changes into ice and is trapped. If there is no cold trap, Earth
would loose all its water!
The uneven heating of the regions of the troposphere by
the Sun causes convection currents and winds. Warm air from
Earth's surface rises and cold air above it rushes in to replace it

5. Stratosphe
re

6. • STRATOSPHERE
This layer lies directly above the troposphere and is
about 35 km deep. It extends from about 15 to 50 km
above the Earth's surface. The lower portion of the
stratosphere has a nearly constant temperature with
height but in the upper portion the temperature increases
with altitude because of absorption of sunlight by ozone.
This temperature increase with altitude is the opposite of
the situation in the troposphere.
• The Ozone Layer
The stratosphere contains a thin layer of ozone
which absorbs most of the harmful ultraviolet radiation
from the Sun. The ozone layer is being depleted, and
is getting thinner over Europe, Asia, North American
and Antarctica --- "holes" are appearing in the ozone
layer.

7. Sunlight crossing
the Ozone Layer

8. Mesosph
ere

9. • The Mesosphere
The mesosphere is the third
layer in the atmosphere. It is
extending from 50 to 80 km above
the earth’s surface.
The temperature drops when you
go higher, like it does in the
troposphere. It can get down to -
90°C in the mesosphere. That's the
coldest part of the atmosphere!

10. • The mesosphere starts is on
top of the stratosphere.
Sometimes you can see the
mesosphere by looking at
the edge of a planet (like
the picture to the left).

11. Thermospher
e

12. • THERMOSPHERE
The thermosphere extends from 80 km
above the Earth's surface to outer space. The
temperature is hot and may be as high as
thousands of degrees as the few molecules that
are present in the thermosphere receive
extraordinary large amounts of energy from the
Sun. However, the thermosphere would actually
feel very cold to us because of the probability
that these few molecules will hit our skin and
transfer enough energy to cause appreciable
heat is extremely low.

13. The thermosphere extends from 80
km above the Earth's surface. The
thermosphere is the fourth layer of the
Earth's atmosphere. It is found above the
mesosphere. The air is really thin that
high up. The temperature changes with
the solar activity. If the sun is active,
temperatures in the thermosphere can
get up to 1,500°C or higher!
The Earth's thermosphere also
includes the region called
the ionosphere.

14. Exospher
e

15. • The Exosphere
Very high up, the Earth's
atmosphere becomes very
thin. The region where atoms
and molecules escape into
space is referred to as the
exosphere. The exosphere is
on top of the thermosphere.

16. The exosphere is the uppermost layer
of Earth's atmosphere. In the exosphere,
an upward travelling molecule moving fast
enough to attain escape velocity can
escape to space with a low chance of
collisions; if it is moving below escape
velocity it will be prevented from escaping
from the celestial body by gravity. In either
case, such a molecule is unlikely to collide
with another molecule due to the
exosphere's low density.

17. Ozone Depletion

18. • Ozone depletion
Is the thinning of the ozone
layer. It is caused by the burning
of the plastics, smoke coming
from factories and vehicles, air
conditioners and refrigerators'
that is filled with CFCs.
it affects the people health.

19. see in the
picture...th
e ozone
hole is
getting
bigger
every
several

20. Global
Warming

21. • It is the heating of the earth and
caused by;
• The Greenhouse Effect
Heat from the Sun warms the
Earth's surface but most of it is
radiated and sent back into space.
Water vapor and carbon dioxide in the
troposphere trap some of this heat,
preventing it from escaping thus keep
the Earth warm. This trapping of heat
is called the "greenhouse effect".

22. • However, if there is too much carbon
dioxide in the troposphere then it will
trap too much heat. Scientists are
afraid that the increasing amounts of
carbon dioxide would raise the
Earth's surface temperature, bringing
significant changes to worldwide
weather patterns ... shifting in climatic
zones and the melting of
the polar ice caps, which could raise
the level of the world's oceans.

25. Meltin
g of
the ice
caps

26. Flooding
of some
areas

27. Eco-friendly
Technology

28. Solar Panel Houses

30. Eco-friendly
Cars

33. Save our Mother
EARTH

34. Thank
You for
Watching

35. Made by:
GROUP 1