The document provides an outline for PC Awareness Training conducted over 5 days. Day 1 introduces components of computers and personal computers. Day 2 covers system unit components in two parts, focusing on hardware. Day 3 continues examining the system unit and components inside. Day 4 discusses installation, configuration, and upgrading operating systems and software. Day 5 is about diagnosing and troubleshooting common computer issues.
2. PC Awareness Training Training Outline Day 1: Introduction To Computers Components Of A Personal Computer Day 2: Components Of A System Unit (Part 1) Day 3: Components Of System Unit (Part 2) Day 4: Installation, Configuration and Upgrading Day 5: Diagnosing & Troubleshooting
4. A computer is an electronic equipment that has at least the basic 3 parts/units. They are: 1. Input Unit 2. Processing Unit 3. Output Unit Input Processing Output Keyboard Monitor 1.1 Introduction To Computers
5. Visible Rigid Computer Invisible Carry out instruction Controls the actions of the hardware Hardware Software Breakdown of a computer 1.2 Introduction To Computers
8. System Unit Communication Devices Modem Network Card Power Supply 2 Components Of A Personal Computer Input Devices Keyboard Mouse Joystick Scanner Digital Camera Video camera Microphone Bar Code Reader Magnetic Card Reader Output Devices Monitor Printer Plotter LCD Projector Speaker Storage Devices Hard Disk Floppy Disk Drive CDR/ CDRW Tape Drive ZIP Drive Flash Drive
9. Hardware which converts information into one readable by the computer. Pointing Devices Mouse Trackball Touch Pad Pointing Stick Joystick Pen Input Digitizer Tablet Touch Screen Light Pen Keyboard Mic Scanner Digital Camera Video Camera/ Web cam Bar Code Reader Magnetic Card Reader Smart Card Reader Optical Mark Reader (OMR) Magnetic Ink Character Reader (MICR) 2.1 Input Device
12. A pointing stick is a pointing device that consists of a miniature joystick, usually with a rubber eraser-head tip, positioned somewhere between the keys on the keyboard. Most pointing sticks are pressure-sensitive, so the pointer moves faster when more pressure is applied. A touch pad allow for mouse movement simply by dragging a finger tip across a surface. 2.1 Input Device
13. The joystick is a rotary lever. Similar to an aircraft's control stick, it enables you to move within the screen's environment, and is widely used in the computer games industry. A Digitising Tablet is a pointing device that facilitates the accurate input of drawings and designs. A drawing can be placed directly on the tablet, and the user traces outlines or inputs coordinate positions with a hand-held stylus. 2.1 Input Device
14. A Light Pen is a pointing device shaped like a pen and is connected to a VDU. The tip of the light pen contains a light-sensitive element which, when placed against the screen, detects the light from the screen enabling the computer to identify the location of the pen on the screen. Light pens have the advantage of 'drawing' directly onto the screen, but this can become uncomfortable, and they are not as accurate as digitising tablets. A computer can read numbers and letters printed with ink containing magnetic material MICR is used by banks to process cheques. The account details at the bottom of the cheque can be accurately read in this manner since MICR is not affected by dirt. 2.1 Input Device
15. The Optical Mark Reader (OMR) can read information in the form of numbers or letters and put it into the computer. The marks have to be precisely located as in multiple choice test papers. A Touch Sensitive Screen is a pointing device that enables the user to interact with the computer by touching the screen. 2.1 Input Device
16. Hardware which converts data into one readable by human. Monitor (VDU) CRT LCD 2.2 Output Device
17. Regular CRT Near Flat CRT Flat Screen CRT The different types of CRT monitor 2.2 Output Device
23. Plotter A large printer that generates high-quality documents by moving ink pens over the surface of a page. Plotters are particularly useful to engineers and architects, as they produce high-quality blueprints, maps, and floor plans. Also called an X-Y plotter. 2.2 Output Device
30. Safety Precautions 1. Unplug power cables 2. Never wear jewelry or other metal objects 3. Avoid spills- never use liquids around electrical equipment. 4. Wear anti-static grounding wrist strap/ mat 5. Always place components in provided anti-static bag when not in use 6. Wear proper clothing - Cotton, Wool etc 7. Frames of casing may be sharp - be careful not to get cut 8. Replace any worn or damaged power cords immediately 9. Avoid using extension cords. 10. Do not attempt to fix PSU/ monitor- refer to qualified personnel 11. Replace blown fuse with one of similar rating and type. 3 Components of System Unit
31. 3.1 Microprocessor (CPU) 3.2 Mainboard 3.3 Memory 3.4 Hard Disk Drive 3.5 Floppy Disk Drive 3.6 CDROM/ CDR/ CDRW Drive 3.7 Display Adapter 3.9 Audio Adapter 3.10 Network Adapter 3.11 Power Supply 3.12 Expansion Slots 3.13 Modem (internal) 3 Components of System Unit
53. USB Expansion Card (PCI) USB Devices Modem Printer Scanner Digital Camera Digital Speaker External Storage Mobile Phone JoyStick Mouse Keyboard Flash Drive/ Thumb Drive . . . 3.2 Mainboard (Motherboard/ System Board)
54. USB Hub USB Cable 3.2 Mainboard (Motherboard/ System Board)
55. USB to Serial Adaptor USB to Parallel Adaptor 3.2 Mainboard (Motherboard/ System Board)
56. RAM (Random Access Memory) - used for storing data/ program for as long as there is power EEPROM (Electricity Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory / FLASH - contains BIOS (Basic Input Output System) routines which handles various hardware configuration and startup POST (Power On Self Test) - can be updated by means of flashing with latest BIOS version. CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) - used to keep critical information about the system such as date/time, hardware configurations, power on passwords etc - can be reset by means shorting relevant pins/ removing backup battery (depends on Mainboard make & model) 3.3 Memory (Immediate Access Storage)
57. Types of RAM packaging/ modules DIP - Dual Inline Package SIPPs - Single Inline Pinned Package (30p) SIMMs - Single Inline Memory Modules(30p) SIMMs - Single Inline Memory Modules (72p) DIMM (EDO) - EDO Dual Inline Memory Module(168 pins) DIMM (SDRAM) - Synchronized DRAM (168 pins) SODIMM - Small Outline DIMM Rambus DRAM DDR DIP SIPP SIMM (30p) SIMM (72p) SDRAM (168p) 3.3 Memory (Immediate Access Storage)
64. Major Manufacturers Maxtor Seagate Western Digital IBM Fujitsu Samsung RPM 5400 7200 10000 Form Factor 3.5” 5.25” Interface IDE SCSI SATA Access Mode PIO 0,1,2,3,4 Ultra DMA 33 (ATA 33) *Ultra DMA 66 (ATA66) *Ultra DMA 100 (ATA100) *Requires the use of 80 conductor cable *Ultra DMA 133 (ATA133) *Requires the use of 80 conductor cable 3.4 Hard Disk Drive
65. RPM 5400 7200 10000 M S C A L S Drive is master M S C A L S Drive is slave M S C A L S Drive mode depends on cable 3.4 Hard Disk Drive
75. A PCI Wireless adaptor A PCMCIA based Wireless Adaptor 3.10 Network Adapter
76. ATX Power Connector AT Power Connector (P8 & P9) Molex connector Mini connector P4 12V Connector 3.11 Power Supply
77. ISA (8Bit) - Industry Standard Architecture ISA (16Bit) - Industry Standard Architecture MCA - Microchannel Computer Architecture EISA - Extended ISA VESA Local Bus PCI - Peripheral Component Interconnect AGP - Accelerated Graphics Port AMR - Audio Modem Riser PCI-E – PCI Express PCI AMR AGP 3.12 Expansion Slots
81. Format a diskette with full format function selected. Windows 95, 98, Me: (Startup – 1 disk) Start -> Settings -> Control Panel -> Add/ Remove Programs -> Startup Disk -> Create Disk 4.1 Creating a Startup/ Recovery disk
