This was the presentation I gave at IEEC 2010

1. Alternate Reality Games for Enterprise Education Image modified from http://abduzeedo.com/surrealist-drawings-reality-must-die Bridging the reality gap between simulation and authentic experience Simon Brookes Portsmouth Centre for Enterprise IEEC 2010 - Cardiff

2. One of the most fundamental challenges for Enterprise educators? "I believe that the spirit of enterprise can be taught, but characteristics such as intuition and appetite for risk are harder to learn in a lecture hall. It is necessary to get into the mindset of an entrepreneur to understand their constitution." John Macaulay - Recent MBA Graduate http://tm.mbs.ac.uk/enterprise/can-mbas-create-entrepreneurs

3. The Entrepreneurial Mindset? http://www.dreamstime.com/head-silhouette-with-gears-image4232711 Domain Knowledge Skills Business Finance Marketing Sales Business Management Communication Leadership Team working Networking Behaviours Values/Beliefs/Attributes Proactivity Risk taking Implementing Opportunity spotting Adaptability Self efficacy Determination Enthusiasm/motivation Challenging http://swearercenter.brown.edu/old-site/Projects/PSO/Lessons/BrainHandout.jpg

4. The Entrepreneurial Mindset? http://www.dreamstime.com/head-silhouette-with-gears-image4232711 So how do we promote the development of this in “class”? Domain Knowledge Skills Business Finance Marketing Sales Business Management Communication Leadership Team working Networking Behaviours Values/Beliefs/Attributes Proactivity Risk taking Implementing Opportunity spotting Adaptability Self efficacy Determination Enthusiasm/motivation Challenging http://swearercenter.brown.edu/old-site/Projects/PSO/Lessons/BrainHandout.jpg

5. The Entrepreneurial Mindset? http://www.dreamstime.com/head-silhouette-with-gears-image4232711 Domain Knowledge Skills Business Finance Marketing Sales Business Management Communication Leadership Team working Networking Behaviours Values/Beliefs/Attributes Proactivity Risk taking Implementing Opportunity spotting Adaptability Self efficacy Determination Enthusiasm/motivation Challenging http://swearercenter.brown.edu/old-site/Projects/PSO/Lessons/BrainHandout.jpg

6. The Entrepreneurial Mindset? http://www.dreamstime.com/head-silhouette-with-gears-image4232711 That’s easy peasy! Domain Knowledge Skills Business Finance Marketing Sales Business Management Communication Leadership Team working Networking Behaviours Values/Beliefs/Attributes Proactivity Risk taking Implementing Opportunity spotting Adaptability Self efficacy Determination Enthusiasm/motivation Challenging http://swearercenter.brown.edu/old-site/Projects/PSO/Lessons/BrainHandout.jpg

7. The Entrepreneurial Mindset? http://www.dreamstime.com/head-silhouette-with-gears-image4232711 Domain Knowledge Skills Business Finance Marketing Sales Business Management Communication Leadership Team working Networking Behaviours Values/Beliefs/Attributes Proactivity Risk taking Implementing Opportunity spotting Adaptability Self efficacy Determination Enthusiasm/motivation Challenging http://swearercenter.brown.edu/old-site/Projects/PSO/Lessons/BrainHandout.jpg

8. The Entrepreneurial Mindset? ? http://www.dreamstime.com/head-silhouette-with-gears-image4232711 That’s more difficult! Domain Knowledge Skills Business Finance Marketing Sales Business Management Communication Leadership Team working Networking Behaviours Values/Beliefs/Attributes Proactivity Risk taking Implementing Opportunity spotting Adaptability Self efficacy Determination Enthusiasm/motivation Challenging http://swearercenter.brown.edu/old-site/Projects/PSO/Lessons/BrainHandout.jpg

9. THINK IN ACTION Active Learning Experiential Learning Practice Based Learning Learning by Doing

10. As enterprise educators, what tools/techniques can we employ that will encourage students to think in action?

11. Enterprise Towers AUTHENTIC EXPEREINCE

12. Enterprise Towers AUTHENTIC EXPEREINCE

13. Enterprise Towers AUTHENTIC EXPEREINCE Authentic Experience

14. Enterprise Towers AUTHENTIC EXPEREINCE Authentic Experience Standard Lecture

15. Enterprise Towers AUTHENTIC EXPEREINCE Authentic Experience Case Study Standard Lecture

16. Enterprise Towers AUTHENTIC EXPEREINCE Authentic Experience Role-play Case Study Standard Lecture

17. Enterprise Towers As real as an authentic experience? AUTHENTIC EXPEREINCE Authentic Experience Simulation (inc. Computer) Role-play Case Study Standard Lecture

18. Enterprise Towers AUTHENTIC EXPEREINCE Authentic Experience Simulation (inc. Computer) The problem is one of immersion! Role-play Case Study Standard Lecture

19. Enterprise Towers AUTHENTIC EXPEREINCE Authentic Experience Reality Gap Simulation (inc. Computer) Role-play Case Study Standard Lecture

20. Enterprise Towers AUTHENTIC EXPEREINCE Authentic Experience Authentic Learning Activities (ALA) Simulation (inc. Computer) Role-play Case Study Standard Lecture

21. The Dark Knight Alternate Reality Game http://www.yorkblog.com/flipside/dark-knight-joker-psp-wallpaper.jpeg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pd74It-yVo

22. Alternate Reality Game Features Trans-media story telling Alternate Reality Gaming (ARG) is an experience that encourages players (you!) to interact with a fictional world using the real world to do it. http://www.giantmice.com/features/arg-quickstart/ Emails from characters Mobile phones in cakes Magazine adverts TV adverts Websites and blogs Projections on buildings Hidden Packages

23. Alternate Reality Game Features Every effort invested in making the fictional world seem real

24. Alternate Reality Game Features Blur the boundary between fiction and reality

25. Alternate Reality Game Features Deep levels of engagement with, and immersion into, the fictional (simulated) game world

26. Alternate Reality Game Features “[It’s like] getting yourself hooked on intellectual crack cocaine. You look at your score online and start to dream of glory. Because the game isn’t just about solving puzzles, it is much more than that” Perplex City players (Mosely, 2008)

27. Alternate Reality Game Features “I would describe myself as addicted to perplex city. I like to consider myself a citizen in fact!” Perplex City players (Mosely, 2008)

28. Alternate Reality Game Features You find yourself at the end of the game, waking up as if from a long sleep. Your marriage or relationship may be in tatters. Your job may be on the brink of the void, or gone completely. You may have lost a scholarship, or lost or gained a few pounds. You slowly wake up to discover that you have missed the early spring unfolding into the late summer….yet now here we are, every one of us excited at blurring the lines between story and reality. The game promises to become not just entertainment, but our lives” Andrea Phillips, Cloudmakers Recovery Guide, July 2002

29. Alternate Reality Game Features Problem based (Goal oriented) Knowledge acquisition and application (from physics to philosophy) Collaborative

30. Alternate Reality Game Features Self-directed play – players influence story Rewards (leaderboards, prizes, community recognition) Regular delivery of new content

31. Puzzles Collaboration Communication Teamwork Research Enquiry Competition Leadership Application Risk-taking Determination Empathy Action Proactivity Confidence Motivation Drive Challenging Innovation Alternate Reality Game Mindset

32. Puzzles Collaboration Communication Teamwork Research Knowledge Skills Enquiry Competition Leadership Application Risk-taking Determination Empathy Action Behaviours Proactivity Values/Beliefs/Attributes Confidence Motivation Drive Challenging Innovation Alternate Reality Game Mindset

33. Puzzles Collaboration Communication Teamwork Research KNOWING Enquiry Competition Leadership Application Risk-taking Determination Empathy Action Proactivity DOING Confidence Motivation Drive Challenging Innovation Alternate Reality Game Mindset

34. Puzzles Collaboration Communication Teamwork Research KNOWING Enquiry Competition Leadership Application Risk-taking Determination Empathy Action Proactivity DOING Confidence Motivation Drive Challenging THICKLY AUTHENTIC SIMULATION* Alternate Reality Game Mindset *Shaffer, D. (2005) http://innovateonline.info/pdf/vol1_issue6/Epistemic_Games.pdf Wisconsin-Maddison University

35. Thickly Authentic Simulation As close to a real life scenario/environment as is possible.

36. Taught units based upon ARG principles: Authentic Learning Activities (ALAs)

38. Simple simulation

39. Students given printed brief

40. Work in small groups

41. Role-play managers of failing company

42. Task is to revive a poorly performing company

45. 12 week, thickly authentic simulation

46. Work in small groups

47. Role-play employees of a turn-around company

48. Task is to revive a failing company

50. How to build an ALA Phoenix UK Ltd Undergraduate Training Programme

51. How to build an ALA Step Two Create a realistic, rich, interactive environment (the game world)

61. How to build an ALA Step Three Create detailed plan (storyboard) for “delivery” of the simulation. Don’t forget assessment!

62. How to buildanALA Setting the scene is important. What are the expectations? Step Four Immerse the students within the game world Begin interaction with characters very early. Stay in character for duration

63. The Cast and Interactions Phoenix UK Ltd Simon Brookes Managing Director simon.brookes@phoenixuk.co.uk

64. The Cast and Interactions Phoenix UK Ltd Simon Brookes (MD) simon.brookes@phoenixuk.co.uk Mike summers (Finance Director) mike.summer@phoenixuk.co.uk Marie-Anne James (Marketing Director) m.james@phoenixuk.co.uk

65. The Cast and Interactions Salter & Son Craig Salter (MD) craig.salter@salter&son.co.uk Barry Scott (finance) b.scott@salter&son.co.uk Christine Parker (Marketing) c.parker@salter&son.co.uk

66. The Cast and Interactions Others Mike Winters Previous Client Teresa Dale Market Research Consultant

67. Delivery Model ENVIRO-NMENT CLIENT ACTION ACTION Problem Based Emails Conference calls Posted packages Virtual (websites) Real (field work) REFLECTION ON ACTION REFLECTION ON ACTION STUDENT Peer learning in groups Teamwork peer assessment Group assessment Seminars “master classes” Interviews ACTION ACTION REFLECTION ON ACTION REFLECTION ON ACTION PEERS EXPERTS

68. Conference Call Craig Salter introduces the company

69. Conference Call Students ask the client questions

70. Conference Call Students ask the client questions

71. Assessment 1. Company Turnaround Report 2. Retail “best practice” presentation (to client) 3. Short Answer Tests (email) 4. Teamwork Peer Assessment

72. Leaderboard

73. Leaderboard

74. Leaderboard

75. Leaderboard What do points mean?

76. Evaluation

77. Immersed Students Hi Simon, Just a quick confirmation of receipt & to say I am really looking forward to getting my teeth stuck into this project. Kind regards OmidNikroo

78. Immersed Students Simon, Great, yes I got in fine, and saw that David already had some points up, which has spurred me on to getting my answers in asap. I am working on them now and they should be with you shortly. There's no greater motivation than a bit of competition! (great idea with the leader board by the way, I know that a some of the other student have really been encouraged to work even harder to try and finish on top). Regards

79. Immersed Students Hi Simon, I was just wondering if it would be possible at this stage for our group to get into contact with Mr. Salter directly. We just wanted to ask him a few more questions about the business in general so we can get a little more of an idea about the business as a whole. If we could get an email address or a telephone number that would be great, if not we'd be more than happy to direct our questions through you. All the best, Charlie Nicholls PUTP Phoenix UK Ltd. +44 7889 141074 www.phoenixuk.co.uk

80. Immersed Students

81. Immersed Students Hello Barry, Firstly I would like to state that the following only applies if agreed upon by Craig himself, hence his inclusion in this email. Following my recommendation to Christine about the business workshop last week, I promised to keep an eye out for further opportunities that could benefit yourselves. A great opportunity has been presented by Porthampton City Council in which they have been presented with a £300,000 grant to invest into the local industry and businesses such as yourself. I have linked the article from the Council website (HERE) for your further perusal. There is plenty of time before the deadline for applications, but it is always beneficial to be prompt with showing interest in these offers as they do not come about often.

82. Focus Group What are your feelings for Salter & Son? “We cared about them – they mattered to us” When you were communicating with the characters, how did you feel? They were client - sympathy for redundancy - angry with Craig - Barry was too stupid (disagreement in group) - felt need to be sensitive about accusations – some students were defending the characters as if they were real people!

83. Focus Group Did your engagement with the unit change over the 12 week period? Peer assessment had an impact of increased involvement later Work load of other courses impacted later involvement (felt this courses was more evenly distributed)

84. Focus Group What were the unit highlights – what did you enjoy most? Team work - (early start was a low) - interactivity & detail (esp. conference call) - lecture in bed!

85. Focus Group What was the least enjoyable part of the unit? Email questions got a bit repetitive and predictable (maybe) - more randomness?

86. Focus Group Is the leaderboard a good idea? yeah yeahyeah!! Peer assessment component was good - prize maybe less important

87. Unit Assessment

89. Working with Salter and Sons

90. Leaderboard & interactivity

91. Understanding and discovering the work that goes into turning a business around.

92. The interactivity Roleplaying/hypothetical company

94. Arriving on time

96. Very well set-up and executed unit

97. Simon you are a good teacher

98. V. Good :-)

99. Thought it was a fun and creative way of getting us to take initiative

102. "Tell me and I will forget; show me and I may remember; involve me and I will understand" Confucius

103. Contact me Twitter: @pompeysie Blog: simonbrookes.wordpress.com Email: simon.brookes@port.ac.uk Image modified from http://abduzeedo.com/surrealist-drawings-reality-must-die

104. References McGonigal, J. (2003) A Real Little Game: The Performance of Belief in Pervasive Play. Retrieved August 31st 2010, from http://www.avantgame.com/MCGONIGAL%20A%20Real%20Little%20Game%20DiGRA%202003.pdf Moseley, A. (2008). An alternative reality for Higher Education? Lessons to be learned from online reality games. Paper presented at ALT-C 2008, Leeds, UK. Shaffer, D. (2005) Epistemic Games. Retrieved 31st August 2010, from http://innovateonline.info/pdf/vol1_issue6/Epistemic_Games.pdf Wirth, W., hartmann, T., Bocking, S., Vorderer, P., Klimmt, C., Holger, S., Saari, T., Laarni, J., Ravaja, N., Gouveia, F., Biocca, F., Sacau, A. Jancke, L., Baumgartner, T., & Jancke, P. (2010). A Process Model for the Formation of Spatial Presence Experiences. Media Psychology, 9, 493-525. Image modified from http://abduzeedo.com/surrealist-drawings-reality-must-die