Ancillary Packaging Materials_S.K.Saravana

ANCILLARY PACKAGING
MATERIALS

S.K.SARAVANA
Post Graduation - Packaging Technology
Diploma – Supply Chain Management
Six Sigma Green Belt
Bsc. (Chemistry)

WHAT ARE ANCILLARY PACKAGING
MATERIALS?
• Secondary packaging material
• Add value to primary package
• Improve performance
• Absence or inadequacy, impairs the
performance of primary package

S.K.SARAVANA,
sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

ANCILLARY PACKAGING MATERIALS

S.K.SARAVANA,

HOW DO THEY ADD VALUE?

• Prevent contamination
• Enhance visibility
• Bind packaging materials
• Improve strength
• Prevent product damage
• Hold system together
S.K.SARAVANA,

CAPS AND CLOSURES

S.K.SARAVANA,

CAPS AND CLOSURES
• MAJOR CLOSURE SYSTEMS:
• Lids
• Aerosol valves
• Threaded closures
• Crowns
• Lug caps
S.K.SARAVANA,

FUNCTION OF CLOSURE SYSTEM
• Product protection spoilage & contamination in
storage & transportation
• Preservation of product over stipulated time
A) Providing barrier to moisture, air, gases, vapors of
volatile liquids
B) Holding vacuum and pressure
C) Preserve organoleptic properties
• Protection against pilferage, tampering &
adulteration
• Provide ease of opening & resealing
• Provide convenience in dispensing
S.K.SARAVANA,

THE CLOSURE SHOULD…
• Not hinder dispensing
• Neither affect nor get affected by product
• Not release any toxic ingredients into the
product
• Withstand processing, sterilizing, pasteurizing,
autoclaving etc. i.e., steps that may be
involved in its life-cycle.

S.K.SARAVANA,

FACTORS FOR SELECTION OF
CLOSURES
• Product characteristics
• Dispensing mechanism
• Compatibility
• Dimensional stability
• Environmental stress cracking resistance
• Heat resistance
• Thread matching tolerances
• Cost
S.K.SARAVANA,

RAW MATERIALS FOR CLOSURES…
PLASTICS
PP
LDPE

HDPE

S.K.SARAVANA,

GLASS

S.K.SARAVANA,

METALS

S.K.SARAVANA,

INKS

S.K.SARAVANA,

INKS
• Inks are colored liquids or pastes,
formulated to transfer and
reproduce an image from a printing
surface
• Components of Inks:
Pigments/dyes, vehicle, solvent &
additives
• Convey a message
• Give a decorative effect to the
substrate
• Inks are used on a wide range of
papers, boards, plastic, glass and
textiles surface S.K.SARAVANA,

FORMS OF INKS
SOLUTION

PASTE POWDER

S.K.SARAVANA,

TYPES OF INKS
• Printing Inks
Rotogravure Inks
Flexographic Inks
Offset Inks
Screen Inks
• Specialty Inks
Marking Inks
Night Glow Inks
Textile Inks
UV Inks
Fluorescent Inks
• Surface Coatings
S.K.SARAVANA,

SELECTION OF INK

• Types of printing process

• Type of substrate

• Application

• Finish

• Drying process

S.K.SARAVANA,

ADHESIVES

S.K.SARAVANA,

ADHESIVES
• Adhesive/glue is a mixture in a
liquid, semi-liquid, solid state
that adheres or bonds items
together
• Adhesives come from either
natural or synthetic sources
• Used to bind similar and
dissimilar materials

S.K.SARAVANA,

CLASSIFICATION OF ADHESIVES
• ON BASIS OF SOURCE:
• Natural: Starch, dextrines, animal
and plant proteins, natural
rubber, shellac
• Semi-synthetic: Cellulose nitrate,
polyamide derivatives
• Synthetic: Neoprene and PVA
adhesives.
S.K.SARAVANA,

CLASSIFICATION OF ADHESIVES

• Waterborne Adhesives

• Solvent–borne Adhesives

• Hot–melt Adhesives

S.K.SARAVANA,

WATER-BORNE ADHESIVES
• Largest volume class of
adhesive used in packaging
• General advantages of ease
and safety of handling,
energy efficiency, low cost
and high strength
• Common waterborne
adhesives: Starch adhesive

S.K.SARAVANA,

SOLVENT–BORNE ADHESIVES
• Adhesives in which volatile organic
compounds are the major solvent or
dispersant
• Solvents: Heptane, toluene, n-butyl
acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone,
naphtha, mineral spirits and methylene
chloride
• Factors of cost, safety, productivity and
above all, compliance with clean-air law
have led to decline in use of these
adhesives
• Commonly used adhesive:
Polyurethane adhesives
S.K.SARAVANA,

HOT–MELT ADHESIVES
• Hot melts - 100% solids
adhesive
• Based on thermoplastic
polymers that are applied
when heated in the molten
state and set to form a bond
on cooling and solidification
• Fastest growing important
class of adhesives in packaging
S.K.SARAVANA,

HOT–MELT ADHESIVES
• Co-polymer of Ethylene and Vinyl Acetate
(EVA)
• Excellent balance of molten stability, adhesion
and toughness over a broad temperature
range and compatibility
• Advantage: Rapid rate of bond formation,
which can translate into high production rates
on a packaging line.

S.K.SARAVANA,

FEATURES OF A GOOD ADHESIVE
• The adhesive must retain tack after solvents are
removed to wet the secondary substrate
• The adhesive must be flexible and retain
elasticity even after it has cured
• It should not become hard and brittle
• The cured adhesive must possess the required
level of thermal and chemical resistance
• The cured adhesive must also be transparent and
colorless

S.K.SARAVANA,

ADHESIVE TAPES

S.K.SARAVANA,

ADHESIVE TAPES
• Combination of an adhesive and a backing
material
• Available in rolls of fixed length and width
• Classification of basis of backing material:
Fabric tapes, paper tapes, film tapes, non-woven
fabric tapes, foil tapes, foam tapes, reinforced
tapes, two faced tapes
• Classification of basis of application: Packaging
tapes, hospital and first-aid tapes, graphic art
tapes, electrical tapes, automobile industry tapes
etc.
S.K.SARAVANA,

ADHESIVES USED IN TAPES
• Rubber based adhesives:
• Advantages: Relatively cheap, high tack and adhesion,
easy to formulate
• Disadvantages: Softens and flows at high temperature
• Acrylic based adhesives:
• Advantages: Excellent adhesion and stable at relatively
high temperatures
• Disadvantages: Costlier
• Silicon based adhesives:
• Advantages: Good tack, withstand temperatures
beyond 155oC
• Disadvantages: Very Costly
S.K.SARAVANA,

REINFORCEMENTS

S.K.SARAVANA,

REINFORCEMENTS
• Reinforcement: Enhance
strength of packaging
• Better ability to withstand
rough handling conditions
• Classification:
• Metallic: Round wires and
steel straps
• Non-metallic: Polyester,
Nylon, polypropylene, rayon.

S.K.SARAVANA,

FUNCTION OF STRAPS
• Secure a handling base (skids, platforms,
pallets, runners, spacers, etc.) to a unit
• Strap may be used for local securement or
within the transport vehicle
• Straps also provide security against accidental
loss or theft of the contents
• Different packages can be color coded with
strapping for easy identification in
warehouses.
S.K.SARAVANA,

PROPERTIES OF STRAPS
• Strength
• Working range
• Retained tension
• Elongation recovery
• Surface slipperiness
• Abrasion resistance
• Split resistance
• Joint/weld strength
S.K.SARAVANA,

FOR BEST RESULTS
• Use correct quality of straps and seals
• Use proper size of straps and seals
• Locate the strap on package correctly
• Use edge protection material as required
• Use proper tools and equipments
• Provide proper tension levels

S.K.SARAVANA,

CUSHIONING MATERIALS

S.K.SARAVANA,

CUSHIONING MATERIALS
• Protects the article from damage due to shock
and vibration
• During transport, package is subjected to
vibration, movement and jolts
• Cushioning material prevents product
damage, abrasion of surfaces, friction over
sharp projection
• Cushioning materials: Foams, paper shreds,
cotton waste, sand etc.
S.K.SARAVANA,

FUNCTIONS OF CUSHIONING
MATERIALS
• Shock protection
• Protection of high-finished
surface
• Protection of small
projection on articles
• Filling of void space

S.K.SARAVANA,

CLIPS

S.K.SARAVANA,

CLIPS
• Used to retain tension
• Used for reinforcement
• Types: Metal and plastic

S.K.SARAVANA,

LABELS

S.K.SARAVANA,

FUNCTIONS OF LABELS
• To identify the product
• Provide ingredients
• Purpose/use of the products
• Providing aesthetic appeal
• Child safety
• Other information like
maximum retail price (MRP),
Batch No, Shelf-life/Best-
before date etc.

S.K.SARAVANA,

TYPES OF LABELS
• Adhesive labels
• Shrink/stretch sleeve labels
• In-mould labels

S.K.SARAVANA,

RAW MATERIALS OF LABELS
• Metals
• BOPP
• OPP
• PP
• PE
• PVC

S.K.SARAVANA,

THANK YOU

S.K.SARAVANA,

Ancillary Packaging Materials_S.K.Saravana

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