Contenu connexe Similaire à Harvard referencing system (20) Harvard referencing system1. Harvard Referencing
System
Mr Patrice Seuwou
School of Technology
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
3. What is plagiarism?
• Use of any source of information
(including electronic) without proper
acknowledgement.
• Quoting, summarising or paraphrasing,
copying and pasting without citing source.
• Citing sources you didn’t use.
• Unauthorised collaboration.
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
4. Why do students plagiarise?
• Poor study skills
• Inability to find information
• Poor citation skills
• Lack of understanding of what constitutes
plagiarism
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
5. Writing a dissertation, thesis,
article, essay
To support your arguments and provide ideas:
• Read widely and analyse the work of
others.
• Use as many sources as you can (books,
journals, newspapers, reports, web etc.)
• Read at an appropriate academic level.
• Use good quality sources.
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
6. Why should you cite other people’s work?
• Acknowledge the work of other writers and
researchers
• Demonstrate your reading and research
• Enable others to trace your sources easily
and lead them on to further information
• Part of the marking criteria
• Provide a check against plagiarism
• Meet copyright regulations
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
7. Referencing in Context
Book
Your Project
Evidence to Acknowledge
support your Sources Used
Journal own ideas or
Research, arguments • Briefly in your
Article
read and text
make notes • Paraphrase and/or
• In full at the
Web Page • Direct Quote end
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
8. What is citing and referencing?
• In your assignments you must demonstrate
that you have used relevant, good quality
sources by:
– providing in-text citations in the body of your work
AND
– a reference list/bibliography at the end of your
work
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
9. What’s an in-text citation?
In-text citations appear in the body of the text of
your assignment and should be included
whenever you quote, summarise or otherwise
refer to someone else’s ideas.
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
10. What do I need to include?
• author
• year the work was published
• page number(s) if applicable
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
11. What’s an in-text citation? -
Examples
• According to Clegg (1985, p.543) the inter-war period
was….
• Barter (2003, p.258) has shown that…..
• As Evans, Jamal and Foxall (2006, p.76) point out….
• It has been suggested by Reed (2008, pp.30-31)....
• Barter (2003, p.258) and Stuart (2001, p.85) note…
• A number of authors including Smith (2008, pp.21-24)
and Adams (2001, pp.165-166) have argued that…
**p. - page number / pp. - page numbers**
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
12. What’s a reference list?
• A list of all the sources you have cited in the text of your
assignment
• Presented at the end of your work in alphabetical
order by author/ editor
• Do not list books, journals, newspapers, then websites etc.
Note: a bibliography lists all of the sources you have read to help write
your assignment, not just those cited in the text.
Bibliography and/ or reference list? Ask your tutor!
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
13. How to Reference
You need to reference in two places:
• Brief details – these will go into the main
body of your assignment
• Full details – these will go at the end of
your assignment
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
18. References of images and diagrams
All externally sourced images and
diagrams must be referenced
• Enter the title underneath the image or
diagram
• Add, in brackets, the author, date of
publication and page number
• Where there is no author use the title of
the source i.e. book, website etc.
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
19. References of images and diagrams
Example 1 (Book/Publication):
Figure 1: Risk assessment guidelines for lifting and lowering
(Essentials of Health and Safety at Work 2008, 48)
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
20. References of images and diagrams
Example 2 (Website):
Figure 1: Marriages, United Kingdom, 1951 – 2007
(Office for National Statistics website 2009)
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
23. Summary
• When you use ideas from, refer to, or quote from, another
person’s work you MUST acknowledge this in your work by
citing and referencing
• Ensure that your citations and references are complete,
accurate and consistent, by keeping note of the sources
you have used and where you found them
• If you present work containing ideas or quotes from other
authors, without acknowledging their work (even if you do
so accidentally) you may be accused of plagiarism!
Copyright © Patrice Seuwou 2013
Notes de l'éditeur This is what your lecturers want. And this is why you need references – to demonstrate that you have done this. A plagiarised report where the material seems to be coming only from you does not fulfil the criteria needed to pass your courses. So plagarism even deliberate or unintentional will only hold you back.