Engineering Design process

1. DESIGN PROCESS
Unit 1
History, Design & Sketching

2. Design Process
 Big Bang Theory uses it
“Ideas are born in the mind and
brought into being at the point
of a pencil.”

3. Design Process
 Ideas can be communicated graphically
through sketching and computer.
 Use of graphic software allows you to
transform ideas into graphic representations.
 When words along cannot describe a new or
futuristic forms, sketches are needed to show
what can not be said.

4. Aspects of Design
 Since the beginning of civilization, men and
women have used their imagination,
knowledge and curiosity to design and build
tools and machines to make their work easier.
(1)
 As time went on, refinement made these tools
and machines more efficient and the lives of
those using them easier.

5. Aspects of Design
 Design does not need to be entirely original –
improvements build on to one another and the
design evolves. (2)
 Each step of the process build one the
previous steps
 Designers do not find it necessary to “reinvent
the wheel”

6. Aspects of Design
 Creativity and Design do not mean the same
thing!
 Creativity is the combination of imagination,
knowledge and curiosity (16)
 Design is the conception of an idea and its
development into a practical, producible and
usable process or product. (17)

7. Aspects of Design
 Designers are concerned with three basic issues
(3)
 The look and feel of the final product (aesthetic
design)
 The successful operation of the final product
(functional design)
 The manufacturing process and the choice of
materials (feasibility of manufacturing &

8. Functional design
 The functional aspect of design implies that the
product will perform in the manner for which it was
intended.
 “Does the product meet the functional design
objective?”
 Example??
 “Form follows function.” Louis Sullivan
 Function is the primary importance, the overall
form (aesthetics) is part of the overall design and
is not separate

9. Aesthetic Design
 Deals with form, or overall physical appearance.
 Involves:
 Color
 Line
 Style
 Space
 Contrast
 Proportion
 Balance
 Examples?
 The look of a product is often designed to send a
message or feeling about a product (6)
 ◦Example: shiny, red sports car = fast car

10. Engineering Design
 Engineering design is a creative problem-
solving process
 Designers use knowledge, creativity,
experience, and resources to create a new or
improved product
 Design must be functionally efficient, meet the
design objective , be aesthetically pleasing
and meet the financial objective

11. Engineering Design
 Designers and engineers are involved in
aspects of design process – Drafter needs to
be familiar with each step
 Drafters are called upon in all parts of the
graphics communication process – works on
everything from initial sketches to final
presentation (7)

12. Design Process
 Two basic models for the design process:
 Traditional Engineering Design
 Concurrent Engineering Design
Designers and Engineers will often
“customize” a process to fit their needs

13. Traditional Engineering Design
 T.E.D uses a linear approach (8)
 A design engineer will take the design of a product
from initial stages and carry it, step-by-step until it is
turned over to production
 In simple terms: each person does their part
and passes the product on to the next.(9)
Once they are done, they don’t see the
product again unless there is a problem.
Manufacturing and marketing get little
thought until design process is done

14. Traditional Engineering Design
Process
State
the
Problem
Analyze the
need
Set
Objective
Create
Alternatives
Check
feasibility
Select
solution –
develop
prototype
Feedback –
Market
response
Draw
the final
design

15. TED Process
1. Basic idea is created or problem is assigned to design
engineer
2. Design engineer analyzes need for product – is it needed?
3. Objectives are set
4. Ideas are created
5. Ideas checked for feasibility – cycles thru step 4 as needed
6. Best solution is picked – may be prototyped for further
review
7. Prototype goes out to be evaluated – if it tanks or problems
found goes back to Step 4
8. Final drawing and product created

16. Concurrent Engineering Design
 Done as a comprehensive team – everyone
works together (11)
 Team consists of all aspects of the design,
manufacturing, marketing and servicing of the
product (10)
 Considers the manufacturability, quality, life
cycle, cost and whether the final product will
meet the design objectives
 Because everyone works together, there are
fewer delays and seldom a need to redesign
an item

17. Concurrent Engineering Design
 Also known as concurrent engineering,
concurrent product design and simultaneous
engineering
 Process came about quickly with computer –
based design and manufacturing tools

18. TED vs CED
 Linear Process
 Chief engineer
responsible for most of
design process
 Chief engineer would
use many drafters and
technicians busy with
drawing and
documentation
 Can not start on next
phase until last one
done
 A comprehensive CAD and
computerized engineering
database serves as basis
for all aspects of project
 Team members do not
need to be in one place –
can be anyplace in world
that can access the
database
 Can work on multiple
areas at same time
Traditional Concurrent

19. CED
 Concerned with making a better product in
less time – continuous quality improvements
used through out process (12)
 Product’s life cycle is considered early
 Life cycle: Total life of a product from conception
of an idea to the recycling of the materials it is
made from

20. Concurrent Engineering Design
 Process is broken down into three main areas
that overlap throughout process to guarantee
total integration
 Three areas:
 Ideation
 Refinement
 Implementation

21. Concurrent Engineering Design

22. Concurrent Engineering Design
 Ideation
 Design problem is identified
 Preliminary ideas developed
 Preliminary design agreed upon

23. Concurrent Engineering Design
 Refinement
 Preparation of models and prototypes (Modeling)
 Through physical, production and legal analysis
of the design (Design Analysis)
 Design visualization or analysis of the aesthetics

24. Concurrent Engineering Design
 Implementation
 Analysis of production, financing, servicing,
documentation, final planning, life cycles
 Concurrent engineering design is now the
most common method for design in most
industrial applications (13)
 Significant quality improvement
 Up to 40% reduction in project time and cost
 As much as 80% reduction in design changes

25. Concurrent Engineering Design
Model
Computer
Database
Design
Engineering
Consumers
Material
Suppliers
Support
Personnel
Marketing
Manufacturing
Engineering

26. Resources
 http://www.teachersdomain.org/resource/phy3.
sci.engin.design.desprocess/
..Desktopphy03.sci.engin.design.htm