1. 1-Sport and Fitness Nutrition
Nutrition and Fitness
Prepared by; Dr. Siham M.O.Gritly
Semester V
College of Home Economic
Dept/ Nutrition and Food Sciences
Dr. Siham Gritly

2. Dr. Siham Gritly

3. list of topics
1-sport and fitness nutrition
energy metabolism during rest and exercise
Explain how food energy is used to maintain life
processes and muscular activity via human energy
systems including ATP-PC systems; glycolysis; lactic acid
energy system; Kreb’s cycle; and the electron transfer
system
2-carbohydrates and exercise
3-protein and exercise
4-lipids and exercise
5-vitamins, minerals exercise
6-Fluids and exercise
7-body composition
Dr. Siham Gritly

4. 8-weight gain and loss for performance
9--eating disorders and athletes
10-ergogenic aids in sports and fitness
11-nutritional assessment
12-fitness assessment
13-meal planning for physical active
Dr. Siham Gritly

5. Definitions related to the subject
• *Nutrition is the science of food that consumed
by living being. it considered one the most
important factor for maintenance of good health
thus prevent illness and diseases.
• *Fitness is the state or conditions of being
healthy, or good health and condition as a result
of exercise and balance nutrition or
• Fitness is the ability to meet the demands of a
physical task. include strength, speed,
endurances or (stamina) and flexibility
Dr. Siham Gritly

6. • * Metabolism- is the chemical process that
make it possible for the cells to continue
living. The process of metabolism mainly
consists of three process;
• 1-catabolism; is the process of breakdown of
molecules to release energy.
• 2-anabolism; building of tissues
• 3-excretion; get rid off
Dr. Siham Gritly

7. • Physical fitness
• Physical fitness defined as “a set of abilities
individuals possess to perform specific types of
physical activities.
• Physical fitness refers to the capacity of an athlete to
meet the varied physical demands of their sport
without reducing the athlete to a fatigued state. The
components of physical fitness are;
• •Body Composition
• •Endurance (staying power)
• •Flexibility
• •Strength
• •Speed
Dr. Siham Gritly

8. Muscle strength is the force your muscle can
exert against resistance. As you lift and lower
a weight your muscle must generate enough
force to move that weight.
Muscle endurance is the ability of the muscle to
repeatedly apply force to lift and lower a
weight. Muscle endurance describes how long
or how many times you can stay power
Dr. Siham Gritly

9. Fitness and Sport Nutrition
• Nutrition and fitness are closely interrelated
factors to body composition, muscular
capability and respiratory and cardiovascular
capacity
• Carbohydrates, fats and protein are the dietary
sources that provide the fuel for energy
transformation in the muscle.
Dr. Siham Gritly

10. • At rest and during normal daily activities, fats
are the primary source of energy, providing
80% of the energy.
• Carbohydrates provide 5% to 18%
• Protein provides only 2% of energy during rest
state
Dr. Siham Gritly

11. Sport nutrition
• Sport nutrition; defined as an application of
eating strategies included several objectives;
• 1-to promote good health
• 2-to promote adaptation to training
• 3-to promote recovery
• 4-to perform optimally during competition
Dr. Siham Gritly

12. Sport nutrition professional Associations
• Sport nutrition professional Associations
included;-
• 1-Sport and Cardiovascular Nutritionists, is a
subsection of the American Dietetic
Association
• 2-the International Society of Sports Nutrition
• Main objective;-application of nutrition to
sport, health and wellness
Dr. Siham Gritly

13. • A sports dietitian can assist the athletes in
developing personalized eating plans to meet
the needs of types of sport.
Dr. Siham Gritly

14. Fitness and Fitness components
• Fitness is the state or conditions of being healthy,
or good health and condition as a result of
exercise and balance nutrition
• Physical fitness defined as “a set of abilities
individuals possess to perform specific types of
physical activities.
• Physical activity involves any movement caused
by muscular contraction that result in the
expenditure of energy
Dr. Siham Gritly

15. The Components of Fitness
• exercise scientists have identified nine
components that comprise the definition of
fitness;-
• 1-Strength - the extent to which muscles can
exert force by contracting against resistance (e.g.
holding or preventive an object or person)
• 2- Power - the ability to exert maximum muscular
contraction immediately in an explosive burst of
movements. The two components of power are
strength and speed. (e.g. jumping or a sprint start)
Dr. Siham Gritly

16. • 3-Agility - the ability to perform a series of
explosive power movements in rapid
succession in opposing directions (e.g. ZigZag
running or cutting movements)
• 4-Balance - the ability to control the body's
position, either stationary (e.g. a handstand) or
while moving (e.g. a gymnastics stunt)
Dr. Siham Gritly

17. • 5-Flexibility - the ability to achieve an extended
range of motion without being impeded or (delay)
by excess tissue, i.e. fat or muscle (e.g.
performing a leg split)
• 6-Local Muscle Endurance - a single muscle's
ability to perform sustained work (e.g. rowing or
cycling)
• 7-Cardiovascular Endurance - the heart's ability
to deliver blood to working muscles and their
ability to use it (e.g. running long distances)
Dr. Siham Gritly

18. • 8-Strength Endurance - a muscle's ability to
perform a maximum contraction time after
time (e.g. basketball game, weight lifting)
• 9-Co-ordination- the ability to integrate the
above listed components so that effective
movements are achieved.
Dr. Siham Gritly

19. Scientists categorized fitness components
into;
two different categories
1-Health – related fitness
2-sports-related fitness
Both types influenced by nutrition and exercise
Dr. Siham Gritly

20. 1-Health- related Fitness
The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health
in its constitution of 1948 as "a state of complete
physical, mental, and social well-being and not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity".
Exercise and health related fitness is the main factors in
preventing the development of chronic disease and
maintaining perfect body weight
Dr. Siham Gritly

21. Health related fitness includes;
• Healthy body weight and composition
• Cardiovascular-respiratory fitness
• Muscular strength
• Muscular endurance
• Flexibility
• Blood pressure
• Bone strength
• Lipid metabolism
Dr. Siham Gritly

22. Regular and moderate physical activity
and exercise will
• 1-reduces blood pressure
• 2-helps prevent or delay Alzheimer’s diseases
• 3-increase cardiovascular function and
improves blood lipids profile; thus help
prevent heart disease and stroke
• 4-weight control; loss/gain
• 5-increase muscle mass, muscular strength,
muscular endurance(to stay power)
Dr. Siham Gritly

23. • 6-promotes a healthy pregnancy
• 7-improve sleep
• 8-reduce risk of colon and breast cancer
• 9-improve immune function
• 10-increases flexibility and balance
Dr. Siham Gritly

24. 11-reduce stress and help prevent mental
depression
12-increases insulin sensitivity; improves blood
glucose regulation and help prevent type 2
diabetes millets
13-increase bone density and strength
Dr. Siham Gritly

25. Physical inactivity will help;
• Deterioration metabolism
• Increase weight gain
• Increase disease such as type 2 diabetes
• Increase cholesterol level
• Decrease insulin sensitivity
Dr. Siham Gritly

26. 2-Sport-related Fitness
• Sport-related fitness is the appropriate physical
and mental training to prepare both mind and
body for intense competition.
• Sport-related fitness components are; strength,
power, speed, endurance usually intense,
prolonged and frequent than health-related
fitness
Dr. Siham Gritly

27. Sports events with varying energy expenditure
• *Power sports;- Olympic weight lifting
• *Very high-intensity sports;- 100-meter dash
• *High-intensity, short duration sports;- 5,000-
meter run
• *Intermittent high-intensity sports;- soccer
• *Endurance sports;- marathon running
• *Low-endurance, skill sports;- golf
• *Weight-control and body image sports;- body
building
Dr. Siham Gritly

28. physical exercise and balance
nutrition
• physical exercise and balance nutrition provide
better performance; including:
• -Cardiovascular health (blood flow, blood
pressure and oxygen delivery)
• -Respiratory function
• -Hormones
• -Immune response
• -Muscles and bones
• -Metabolism
Dr. Siham Gritly

29. references
• Sareen Gropper, Jack Smith and James Groff, Advanced Nutrition
and Human Metabolism, fifth ed. WADSWORTH
• Melvin H Williams 2010; Nutrition for Health, Fitness and Sport. 9th
ed, McGraw Hill
•
• Heymsfield, SB.; Baumgartner N.; Richard and Sheau-Fang P. 1999.
Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease; Shils E Maurice,
Olson A. James, Shike Moshe and Ross A. Catharine eds. 9th
edition
• Guyton, C. Arthur. 1985. Textbook of Medical Physiology. 6th
edition, W.B. Company
Dr. Siham Gritly