1. Professor: Charles H. Nillos, Ph. D.
Reporters:
Abesar, Ramonito N.
Paril , Rodel T.

2. Education is the most
powerful weapon which
you can use to change
the world.
-Nelson Mandela

3.  a particular set of ideas about
knowledge, truth , the nature and mening
of life.

4.  the field of study that deals mainly with
methods of teaching and learning in
school

5.  Derived from Latin word “ currere”
means to run
 In education , the course of race with
time came to stand for course of study.
 A set of course constituting an area of
specialization.

6.  Philospohy and Education are two sides of
the same coin.they are two flowers of
one stem.

7.  It is the active aspect and practical
means of realizing the ideals of life.
 Education renews and re-builds the
social structure in the patterns of
philosphical ideals.
Relationship of Philosophy and Education:

8.  Education who deals with the real facts
of life,while philosophy is the arm chair
theorist who is busy in speculations.
Relationship of Philosophy and Education:

9.  Education as the modification of
behavior, the direction in which
modification to be carreid out is
determine by philosophy.
Relationship of Philosophy and Education:

10. Relationship of Philosophy and Education:

11. 1. Philosophy is central to curriculum.
2. Studying philosophy allows us to better
understanding school and its curricula.
3. Philosophy is the beginning point in curriculum
decision making.
4. Philosophy reflects one’s background and
experiences.
5. Philoosophy may be defined as general theory
of education. It is a way of thinking that gives
meaning to our lives( Dewey)
•Philosophy provides education, teachers and curriculum planners
with, implementing and evaluating curriculum in shool.
•It helps in answering what school are for, what subjects are
important, how students should should learn , materials and methods
should be used.

12.  Content of what is taught along with an
overall process of how that content is to be
taught, and instruction being the more
detailed plans and the way those plans are
implemented in order to teach the
curriculum content, it becomes easy to
understand that the two must be compatible
in order to maximize student learning.

13.  The realistics idealism are spiritual , moral
or mental unchanging
 Approach that haas its central tenets that
ideas are the only true reality.
 Truth can be found through reasoning
, intuition and religiuos revelation.
 Teachers’ role is to bring latent knowledge
and ideas to consciousness.
 Teaching methods focus on handling ideas
through lecture, discussion, and socratic
dialogue.
 Learning is an intellectual process that
involves recalling and workin with ideas.

14.  In Idealism, the aim of education is to
discover and develop each individual’s
abilities and full moral excellence in order to
better serve society.
 Curriculum is knowledge based and subject
based.
 The most important subjects are philosophy,
theology and mathematics because they
cultivate abstract thinking.

15.  It based on natural laws, objectives and
composed of matter.
 People can come to know the world through
thier senses and their reasons.
 Aristotle believed that everything had a
purpose and human’s purpose is to think.
 Teachers’ role: is to be moral and spiritual
leader and to be an authority.
 Learning is just exercising the mind, and
logical thinking are highest form.

16.  The realist curriculum emphasizes the
subject matter of physical world,
particularly science and math.
 Teaching methods focus on the mastery of
facts and basic skills through demonstration
and recitation.
 Curriculum is knowledge based abd subject
based.
 Most important subject are humanistic and
scientific subject.

17.  It is based on change, process and relativity.
 Learning occurs as the person engage in
problem solving.
 Bothe learners and environment are
constantly changing.
 Teachers’ role is to focus on critical thinking.
 Teaching is more exploratory than
explanatory.
 Curriculum was based on childs’ experience
and interest and also problem solving
activities.

18.  The nature of reality for Existintialsist is
subjective and his within the individual.
 A philosophy concerned with finding self
and the meaning of the life through
freewill, choice, and personal
responsibility.
 Teachers’ role is to cultivate personal
choice and individual self-definition.
 Teacher’s view the individual as an entity
within a social context in which the
learners must confornt other view to
clarify his or her own..

19.  The oldest and most conservatitive
educational philosophy.
 It is rooted in realism and lies on the past
and stresses traditional value.
 The aim of education is to ensure that
students acquire understandings about the
great ideas of western civilization.
 The focus is to teach ideas that are
everlasting, to seek enduring truth which are
constant, and are not changing.

20.  The demanding curriculum focuses on
attaining cultural literacy, streesing students
grwoth in enduring disciplines.
 Curriculum is subject centered and
constant..
 It emphasizes the great works of literature
and art, the laws or principle of science.

21.  Traditional and conservatives philosophy
based on idealism and realism.
 This approach was in reaction to
progressivist appraches.
 Believe that there is a common core of
knowledge that needs to be transmitted to
students in a systematic ,disciplined way.
 The core of the curriculum is essential
knowledge and skills and academic rigor.
 Essentialist accept the idea that this core
curriculum may change.

22.  Schooling should be practical, preparing
students to become valuable members of
society.
 Teachers are to help students keep their non
–productive instinct in check, such as
aggression or mindlessness.
 Student should be taught hard work, rspect
for authority and discipline.

23.  It developed from pragmatism philosophy.
 Progressivist believe that education should
focus on the whole child rather than on the
content or the teacher.
 The learner is a problem solves and thinker
who makes meaning through his or her
individual experience in the physical and
cultural context.
 It emphasizes how, to think, not what to
think.
 Curriculum content is derived from student
interest and questions

24.  John Dewey was its foremost proponents .
 One of his tenets was that the school should
improve the way of life of a citizen through
expriencing freedom and democracy in
schools.
 Shared decision making, planning of teachers
with students, students selected topics are
all aspects. Books are tools rather than
authority.

25.  It is opposed to:
1. Rote learning
2. Authoritarian teaching
3. Over reliance on textbook methods
4. Intimidation or corporal punishment.

26.  Based on socialist ideas.
 Reconstructiovist educators focus on the
curriculum that highlights social reform as
the aim of education.
 According to Brameld, the founder of social
reconstructiovism,students and teacher must
improve society.
 Curriculum must be transformed in keepin
with a new social-economic-political
education.
 Society is always changing and the
curriculum has to cahnge.

27.  For social reconstructiovist, critical theorist
curriculum focuses on students experience
and taking social action on treal problems,
such as violence, hunger, international
terroirsm and inflation.

28.  Curriculum as a field of study with its own
methods, theories, and ways of solving
problemm has influenced by history and
philosophy.
 We believe that no single philosophy,old or
new, should guide decision about shool and
curriculum
 Curriculum planners need to help improve
and design school practices in harmony with
history of curriculum and philosopy of the
school and community.

29. PERENNIALISM IDEALISM REALISM PRAGMATISM
(EXPERIMENTALISM)
Reality
(ONTOLOGY)
A world of
reason and
God
A world of the
mind
A word of things A wordl of
experience.
Truth or
Knowledge
(Espitemology)
Reason and
revelation
Consistency of
ideas
Correspondence
and sensation
( as we see it)
What works ,
what is
Goodness
(Axiology)
Rationality Imitation of
ideal self,
person to be
emulated.
Laws of Natue The public test.
Teaching reality Disciplinary
subjects and
doctrine
Subject of the
mind-literary,
philosophical,
religiuos
Subject of
physical world-
math, science
Subject matter of
social experiences-
special studies.

30. PERENNIALISM IDEALISM REALISM PRAGMATISM
(EXPERIMENTALISM)
Teaching truth Discipline of
the mind via
drill.
Teaching ideas
via lecture,
discussion.
Teaching for
mastery of
information-
demonstrate,
recite
Problem-solving,
project methods
Teaching
goodness
(values)
Discplining
behavior (to
reason)
Initating
hereos and
other
exemplars
Training in rules
of conduct.
Making group
decision is light of
consequences
Whys school
exist?
To reveal
reason and
God’s will
To sharpen
the mind and
intellectual
processes
To reveal the
order of the
world and
universe
To discover and
expand the society
we live in to share
expereices.

31. PERENNIALISM IDEALISM REALISM PRAGMATISM
(EXPERIMENTALISM)
What should be
Taught?
Eternal truth Wisdom of the
ages
Laws of physical
reality
Group inquiry into
social problems
and social science,
methods and
subject together
Role of the
Teacher
Interprets,
tells
Reports,
person to be
emulated
Display, impart
knowldge
Aids, consultant
Role of the
students
Passive
reception
Receives,
memorizes
Manipulates,
passive
participantion
Active participaton,
contributes.
School’s
Attitude towrads
changes
Truth is
eternal,no
real change
Truth to be
prererved,
antichange
Always coming
towards
perfection
,oredrly change
Change is ever-
present , a
process.

32. 1. Make People Healthy: Each extra year of a
mothers schooling reduce the probability of
infant mortality by 05 to 10%.
2. Increase Incomes: Extra year of schooling
increase an individual person earning by
10%
3. Save Children Lives: A child whose mother
can read its 50% more likely to live past 5
ages.

33. 4. Reduce Poverty in society: Educated persons
earn money more so we can reduce poverty.
With the basic reading skills 171million people
could be lifted out of poverty.
5. Promotes Girls And Women Rights: Educated
women and girls know About their social rights
and increase women visibility in society.
6. Boost Economic Growth: Educated person thinks
about country. Apply new ideas in economic So
GDP (Gross Domestic Product) surely Increase

34. 7. Raises Crop Yields: Agriculture is very
important part of human life. Population
day by day increase and agriculture growth
slowdown. Educated person apply new
ideas to raise crop yields.
8. Fosters Peace: Educated persons always
think about country development they
don’t think about war. Improving higher
education in middle areas we can reduce
30% risk of wars.

35. 1. Raises Crop Yields: Agriculture is very
important part of human life. Population
day by day increase and agriculture growth
slowdown. Educated person apply new
ideas to raise crop yields.
2. Fosters Peace: Educated persons always
think about country development they
don’t think about war. Improving higher
education in middle areas we can reduce
30% risk of wars.