Green Campus Presentation April 28, 2009

Lorain County Community College
Strategic Energy Plan

Elyria, Ohio 28th April 2009

Garforth International llc
Energy Productivity Solutions

Team and Targets

 Reduce energy costs
 Increase energy efficiency
 Reduce greenhouse gas

Garforth International llc
Energy Productivity Solutions

Global Perspective – Local Expertise
Copyright: Garforth International llc

Energy and Climate
In the headlines around the world


New Global Energy Realities
Growing Impact on USA

 Volatile global energy prices
 Dependence on imports
 Climate change legislation
 Underinvested energy infrastructure
 China and India major new energy customers
 Trigger events – blackouts, hurricanes,
tornados ….

Driving Local Ohio Policies

Global Cost of Energy

What we pay for
Gas, Electricity,
Fuels....

$ 6.7 Trillion
Energy we
Energy we
waste
use

USA ~ $1.5Trillion

12% of GDP

Energy Productivity Differences
How well do we spend our $1.5 Trillion?

Energy Energy
Region Population GDP Energy
/Capita /GDP
USA 4.6% 25.9% 20.5% 100 100
EU 7.5% 31.1% 15.9% 47 60
Japan 1.9% 8.1% 4.6% 54 67
China 20.0% 6.1% 15.0% 17 312
India 17.1% 2.0% 4.7% 6 291
World 100% 100% 100% 22 81

Key to Competitiveness and Security
*Various US/EU Sources – 2007 sources

Greenhouse gas levels
160,000 yrs* of ice core data
2050 Business as Usual

Stabilization level? 2050

Today

* John Houghton – UK Met Office et al

Warming the Planet


Climate Change
Range of Potential Impacts

Copyright: Garforth International llc *Stern Review

Perfect Energy Storm
When fears collide…

Availability
Uncertain Prices

Climate Change

Growing awareness – Growing Opportunity

Creating a New Energy Reality
…invest in energy and education…

“To finally spark the creation of a clean energy economy, we will double
the production of alternative energy in the next three years. We will
modernize more than 75% of federal buildings and improve the energy
efficiency of two million American homes, saving consumers and
taxpayers billions on our energy bills. In the process, we will put
Americans to work in new jobs that pay well and can’t be outsourced –
jobs building solar panels and wind turbines; constructing fuel-efficient
cars and buildings; and developing the new energy technologies that will
lead to even more jobs, more savings, and a cleaner, safer planet in the
bargain.
…..That means updating the way we get our electricity by starting to build
a new smart grid that will save us money, protect our power sources from
blackout or attack, and deliver clean, alternative forms of energy to every
corner of our nation.”
President Obama – January 8th, 2009

Total US Energy Use

Coal

Homes
Buildings
Gas
38.7%
Commercial
Domestic Oil

Industry
Uranium Industry
33.25%
Renewable
Transport
Transportation
27.79%
Import Oil

Buildings largest energy consumer
Copyright: Garforth International llc Source: US DoE EIA

Effectiveness by Sector
How well do we use our energy?

Sector Energy Energy Use Index
Share USA/EU
Industry 33% 1.2
Buildings* 39% USA 2.5
CALIF 1.8
Transportation* 28% 1.4

 Most energy lost in range of inefficiencies
 Only 5% to 15% used productively

Major potential for efficiency gains!
*Indicative ratio of US average to global best practice

Dysfunctional Energy Supply Chain
From fuel to service
Uses 70% of all energy

25%
5%

 High greenhouse gas
 High-cost low returns
 High risk

Pay for 100 get less than 10

LCCC Campus overview

 Buildings from 1966 to 2008
 Networked heating and cooling
for most buildings
 New Library islanded building
 No centralized automated
building management system
 Limited scheduling and
occupancy management
 No sub-metering for gas or
electricity
 Significant plug loads likely


Lorain County Community College
2007 vs 2004 Energy Overview

2007
2004 2004 2007
Utility
$K kWhe $K kWhe
Gas $ 507 $ 609
20,609,535 19,330,432
Electricity $ 947 $ 1,108
12,635,513 13,821,165
$ 1,454 33,245,048 $ 1,717 33,151,597
Total

 Energy use 2% lower
 Energy costs 18% higher
 Carbon Footprint 19,600 Metric Tons
 Carbon footprint from Commuting?

State Law call for 20% reduction by 2014

LCCC Energy Use 2007
Benchmark - Austrian and Ohio Colleges

 LCCC Total Energy Index
 375 kWhe/m2/year
 79% higher than Austria average
Lorain County CC

Electricity
Heat

 Terra Community College
 24% less than LCCC
Average
 Lakeland Community College
 1% higher than LCCC
 Owens Community College
 17% higher than LCCC

Energy Efficiency Potential

Evaluating energy needs
Eight Buildings Modeled in Detail


Establish Baseline
Example – University Center

Seasonal
Patterns

End Uses
Needs
Energy
Spot anomalies
e.g. high plug loads Indexes

Develop Energy End-Use Profiles

Typical Efficiency Measures
Examples from multiple buildings
 Upgrade roof insulation to at least R25
 Eliminate thermal shorts in roof
structure and window sills
 Selectively replace windows
 Install occupancy sensors
 Implement daylighting control in
atrium, corridors, classrooms, labs…
 Realign and repair doors to reduce
infiltration
 Selectively add vestibules to high
usage doors
 Reduce plug load with staff/student
awareness program
 Manage heating, cooling and lighting
according to scheduled needs

Behavioral and Investment Based

Building Efficiency
Many Opportunities Identified

 Building operation
 Heat and cool areas only when needed
 Pre-condition areas according to weather
 Night and low-occupancy set back of thermostats
 Only light occupied areas
 Utilize daylighting wherever feasible
 Manage exterior lighting for real usage patterns
 Reducing miscellaneous electrical loads
 Building Structure
 Roof insulation
 Reduction of thermal bridges
 Selective window replacements
 Reduce unwanted air infiltration

Improved control and metering is a Must

Base-to-Efficient Case Comparison
Seasonal Demand by end use

E n e rg y E ffic ie n t C a s e : C a m p u s C o n s u m p tio n S im u la te d
B a s e L in e C a s e : C a m p u s C o n s u m p tio n S im u la te d

5000000
5000000

4500000
4500000

Ho t W a te r
Hot W ater 4000000
4000000
S p a ce He a t Na t G a s
S pace Heat Nat G as
3500000
3500000
A re a L ig hts
A rea Lights

k W h r e q u iv a le n t
k W h r e q u iv a le n t

Ta sk L ig hts
3000000
Task Lights
3000000
M isc. E q uip .
M isc. E quip.
2500000
2500000
P um p s & A ux.
P um ps & A ux.
2000000
2000000 V e nt. F a ns
V ent. F ans
S p a ce He a t E le ctric
S pace Heat E le ctric 1500000
1500000
He a t Re je ct.
Heat Reje ct.
1000000
1000000 S p a ce C o o l
S pace C ool
500000
500000

0
0
Ja n Feb Mar A pr May Jun Jul A ug S ep O ct No v D ec
Jan F eb M ar A pr M ay Jun Jul A ug S ep O ct Nov D ec
M o n th s
M o n th s

Base Case Efficient Case

Energy efficiency increased by 37%

Energy Supply and Distribution
Multiple Choices Evaluated

 Energy Distribution
 Steam only
 Islanded buildings
 Upgrade heating network
 Steam to hot water
 Extend to new buildings and
LC and SP
 Upgraded cooling
 On-Campus Generation
 Combined heat and power
 Engines
 Turbine
 Existing gas boilers
 Biomass heating
 Solar Photovoltaic
 Wind energy


Changing the Culture
Green Campus Team

Students

Staff Faculty

Community

Committed to Energy Excellence

Green Campus Team
Many opportunities…

 Educate and inform…again and again!
 Reduce electricity use - personal space
heaters, fans, refrigerators, vending
machines, Office equipment
 Turn off lights when leaving rooms
 Use daylight whenever possible
 Schedule classes with energy use in mind
 Turn off equipment in computers labs when
not in use
 New investment ideas…
 New syllabus ideas….
Reduce energy use by another 5% to 20%!

Final Recommendations

 Investments
 Building efficiency upgrades
 Controls and meters
 Hot water network
 Combined heat and power generation
 Consider biomass heating option
 Active energy management
 Scheduling and occupancy
 Weather predictive management
 Track and report greenhouse gas performance
 Recognize educational opportunity
 Design installations with teaching in mind
 Update curriculum with energy and climate subjects

Engaged Energy Team!

Campus Strategic Energy Plan
Results far exceed State Law

 Efficiency and Financial Indications
 Energy efficiency gain ~ 37%
 Greenhouse gas reductions ~ 39%
 Internal Rate of Return (IRR) ~ 8% to 15%

 Foundations of new academic programs
 Base for wider community engagement

Culture of Continuous Improvement

Thank you!
“Only Use what you Need, When you Need it,
In the Amount Needed!” *

*Courtesy of Toyota Manufacturing

Green Campus Presentation April 28, 2009

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Green Campus Presentation April 28, 2009