Machine tools are powered machines used for metal cutting and finishing operations to shape workpieces. Lathes are one of the earliest and most important machine tools, capable of turning, facing, boring, drilling, threading, knurling, and other operations. The basic elements of a lathe include the bed, headstock, tailstock, carriage, saddle, and tooling such as the cross slide and compound rest. Turning operations produce straight, conical, or curved surfaces, while other operations like facing, boring, and threading create specific surface features.

1. MACHINE TOOLS
BY
Prof. Shekhar S. Babar
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
ICEM

2. MACHINE TOOL
 Machines used for carrying out metal cutting
operations or finishing operations to impart the
desired shape
 Power driven machine
 Functions – to hold, support , guide, work piece
& tool
 To give motion to w/p & tool with desired speed

3. CLASSIFICATION
•Purpose- 1. Single 2.Multi 3. Special
•Size of chip formation
Large chip size
Lathe , drilling , Milling, shaping
Small chip size
Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, Honing

4. LATHE
FIRST machine tool for metal cutting
Egypt
Jan verbruggen-1772-U.K.
Henry mandslay-1783
Lathe is a machine, which removes the
metal from a piece of work to the
required shape & size

5. LATHE

6. BASIC ELEMENTS OF LATHE
 BED
 HEAD STOCK
 TAIL STOCK
 CARRIAGE
 SADDLE
CROSS SLIDE, COMPOUND REST, TOOL POST,
APRON
 FEED MECHANISM

7. LATHE

8. LATHE

9. LATHE OPERATION
• Turning: produce straight, conical, curved, or grooved
work pieces
 Facing: to produce a flat surface at the end of the part
or for making face grooves.
 Boring: to enlarge a hole or cylindrical cavity made by
a previous process or to produce circular internal
grooves.
 Drilling: to produce a hole by fixing a drill in the
tailstock
 Threading: to produce external or internal threads
 Knurling: to produce a regularly shaped roughness on
cylindrical surfaces

10. LATHE OPERATION

11. FACING & TURNING

12. STEP TURNING

13. TAPER TURNING

14. DRILLING

15. DRILLING

16. BORING

17. KNURLING

18. THREADING

19. GROOVING

20. PARTING OFF

21. CHAMFER