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New York City as utopia and dystopia.
                               1 of 20
“Few other cities on earth – if any –
have been celebrated more widely or
memorably onscreen than New York.”
                            (Michael R.
                        Bloomberg, Mayor of
                           New York City.)




                                  2 of 20
“What’s
 happened to
the American
   Dream?”

“It came true.
You’re lookin’
     at it.”
(Watchmen, 2009.)




                    3 of 20
4 of 20
“If heaven is a ‘happy place’ then that ‘other’ place,
hell, the place of ‘the evil other,’ cannot be far away.
 The figure of the city as a fulcrum of social disorder,
     moral breakdown, and unmitigated evil – from
Babylon and Sodom and Gomorrah to Gotham – also
has its place in the freight of metaphorical meanings
     that the word ‘city’ carries across our cultural
                       universe.”
         (David Harvey, Spaces of Hope, 2000. pg 157.)




                                                         5 of 20
“Gotham is New York’s noirish
 side... whereas Superman’s
Metropolis presents New York’s
         cheerier face.”
     (New York Public Library)




                                  "Metropolis is New York in
                                 the daytime; Gotham City is
                                     New York at night.”
                                 (Frank Miller, writer of graphic novels Sin
                                                City and 300)
                                                                   6 of 20
“Mother City.”



                           “City of Tomorrow.”
  “…at the forefront of
     industrial and
technological progress.”

                                          7 of 20
The World Trade Centre,
LexCorp, Metropolis.
                       New York.
                                         8 of 20
9 of 20
“…founded upon the
                             swampy soils of slow and
                              inexorable moral decay,
                                 despite the best of
                                    intentions.”




“…a rampant per capita crime rate.”

                                               10 of 20
“…the optimism of utopia and the pessimism of
dystopia represent opposite sides of the same coin.”
      (Ruth Levitas, The Concept of Utopia, 1990, pg 139.)
                                                             11 of 20
“It’s [utopia’s]
   vigour and
popularity [that]
 stimulated the
    life of the
dystopia or anti-
utopia, its alter-
       ego.”
  (Krishan Kumar,
Utopianism, 1991, pg
         47.)




             12 of 20
“…creating
  a new
 utopia.”




      13 of 20
“I can help. I can save you.
                       I can save everybody!”




“God didn't
do this. We
   did! ”     I Am Legend (2007)
                                          14 of 20
Independence Day (1996)




            “They're like locusts. They're
            moving from planet to planet...
             their whole civilization. After
               they've consumed every
             natural resource they move
                 on... and we're next.”

                                               15 of 20
“Everything I've ever
“We will fail to acknowledge that there                cared about,
   are forces at work beyond our                      everything I've
            understanding.”                         worked for... has all
                                                  been preparation for a
                                                   future that no longer
                                                          exists.”




                                          The Day After Tomorrow
 The Happening (2008)                             (2004)
                                                               16 of 20
“A world united in
peace... there had
 to be sacrifice. ”




                       “This city's afraid of
                      me... I've seen its true
                               face.”




   Watchmen (2009)
                                      17 of 20
“…fears of a global catastrophe brought on by environmental
destruction have swollen the anti-utopian currents. World society,
  it has appeared to many, is being prepared not for… utopia…
                  but… dystopia or anti-utopia.”
                (Krishan Kumar, Utopianism, 1991, pg 91.)

                                                            18 of 20
“Dystopia (or Anti-utopia)
 represents the fear of what the
future may hold if we do not act
  to avert catastrophe, whereas
utopia encapsulates the hope of
         what might be.”
 (Ruth Levitas, The Concept of Utopia,
             1990, pg 165)




                                  19 of 20
“…the concept of utopia is not a Hellenic
speculative fantasy, but a derivation from a
 historic event: that indeed the first utopia
            was the city itself.”




                (Lewis Mumford, Utopia, The City and The
                 Machine in Utopias and Utopian Thought
                 edited by Frank E. Manuel, 1975, pg 3.)
                                              20 of 20

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New York City

  • 1. New York City as utopia and dystopia. 1 of 20
  • 2. “Few other cities on earth – if any – have been celebrated more widely or memorably onscreen than New York.” (Michael R. Bloomberg, Mayor of New York City.) 2 of 20
  • 3. “What’s happened to the American Dream?” “It came true. You’re lookin’ at it.” (Watchmen, 2009.) 3 of 20
  • 5. “If heaven is a ‘happy place’ then that ‘other’ place, hell, the place of ‘the evil other,’ cannot be far away. The figure of the city as a fulcrum of social disorder, moral breakdown, and unmitigated evil – from Babylon and Sodom and Gomorrah to Gotham – also has its place in the freight of metaphorical meanings that the word ‘city’ carries across our cultural universe.” (David Harvey, Spaces of Hope, 2000. pg 157.) 5 of 20
  • 6. “Gotham is New York’s noirish side... whereas Superman’s Metropolis presents New York’s cheerier face.” (New York Public Library) "Metropolis is New York in the daytime; Gotham City is New York at night.” (Frank Miller, writer of graphic novels Sin City and 300) 6 of 20
  • 7. “Mother City.” “City of Tomorrow.” “…at the forefront of industrial and technological progress.” 7 of 20
  • 8. The World Trade Centre, LexCorp, Metropolis. New York. 8 of 20
  • 10. “…founded upon the swampy soils of slow and inexorable moral decay, despite the best of intentions.” “…a rampant per capita crime rate.” 10 of 20
  • 11. “…the optimism of utopia and the pessimism of dystopia represent opposite sides of the same coin.” (Ruth Levitas, The Concept of Utopia, 1990, pg 139.) 11 of 20
  • 12. “It’s [utopia’s] vigour and popularity [that] stimulated the life of the dystopia or anti- utopia, its alter- ego.” (Krishan Kumar, Utopianism, 1991, pg 47.) 12 of 20
  • 13. “…creating a new utopia.” 13 of 20
  • 14. “I can help. I can save you. I can save everybody!” “God didn't do this. We did! ” I Am Legend (2007) 14 of 20
  • 15. Independence Day (1996) “They're like locusts. They're moving from planet to planet... their whole civilization. After they've consumed every natural resource they move on... and we're next.” 15 of 20
  • 16. “Everything I've ever “We will fail to acknowledge that there cared about, are forces at work beyond our everything I've understanding.” worked for... has all been preparation for a future that no longer exists.” The Day After Tomorrow The Happening (2008) (2004) 16 of 20
  • 17. “A world united in peace... there had to be sacrifice. ” “This city's afraid of me... I've seen its true face.” Watchmen (2009) 17 of 20
  • 18. “…fears of a global catastrophe brought on by environmental destruction have swollen the anti-utopian currents. World society, it has appeared to many, is being prepared not for… utopia… but… dystopia or anti-utopia.” (Krishan Kumar, Utopianism, 1991, pg 91.) 18 of 20
  • 19. “Dystopia (or Anti-utopia) represents the fear of what the future may hold if we do not act to avert catastrophe, whereas utopia encapsulates the hope of what might be.” (Ruth Levitas, The Concept of Utopia, 1990, pg 165) 19 of 20
  • 20. “…the concept of utopia is not a Hellenic speculative fantasy, but a derivation from a historic event: that indeed the first utopia was the city itself.” (Lewis Mumford, Utopia, The City and The Machine in Utopias and Utopian Thought edited by Frank E. Manuel, 1975, pg 3.) 20 of 20