Taxonomy of educational objectives

1. • Taxonomy ofEducational Objectives
• Taxonomy: Its meaning
A hierarchical model that describes
1.classification and
2.sequencing procedures.
• Educational Taxonomy
Educational objectives depict what students should be able to do at the end of a learning activity.
• As Educational objectives are more focused on the learner’s performance, it is also called as “learning
objective”.
The Educational taxonomy is divided into three domains (3Hs)
• Cognitive (Head)
• Affective(Heart)
• Psychomotor(Hand)
The Taxonomy ofEducational Objectives
• Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
• a model that described the different levels of learning outcomes that target what skills and
competencies the teachers aim to develop in the learners
• includes six levels of cognition ranging from recall or knowledge to evaluation of knowledge
• progress from simple to more complex levels of thinking
• HOTS (higher order thinking skills) : analysis, synthesis, evaluation
• knowledge: Remembering material.
• comprehension: ability to grasp the meaning of material.
• application: ability to use learned material in new situation.
• analysis: ability to breakdown material into its component parts
• synthesis: combines various parts to form a new whole.
• evaluation: the ability to judge the value of material for a given purpose judgements are based on
definite criteria.
• Item Development class 5
Example 1 Subjective Type Questions
• SLO: Classify vertebrates into mammals, reptiles, fish, birds and amphibians on the basis
of their characteristics.
• Knowledge Base Item
Q. Separate the following animals into amphibians and mammals. (Frog, Cow, Salamander, Horse)
(4)
• Rubric: Award one mark for placing each animal at correct place.
• Taxonomy : Knowledge
• Why ? The student can recall, define, recognize or identify specific information presented during
discussion.
• Comprehension Base Item
Q. Give three differencesbetween amphibians and mammals. (6)
• Rubric: Award two marks for each correct difference.
• Taxonomy : Comprehension
• Why ? The student demonstrate understanding of information by translating it into a different
form or by recognizing it in translated form.
• Objective Type Questions
Q. 1. Frog belongs to: Knowledge
(a) amphibians (b) reptiles (c)mammals (d)birds
Q. 2. Shark breath: Knowledge
(a) lungs )b) fins (c) scales (d) gills
Q.3.The group which belongs to invertebrates is: Comprehension
(a) amphibians (b) insects (c) reptiles )d) birds

2. Q.4. Which of the following is a pair of vertebrates? Comprehension
(a) Earthworm, Snail )b) Octopus, Mosquito
(c) Sparrow, Snake (d) Jellyfish, Butterfly
• Example 2
SLO:Identify key characteristics of micro-organism .
• Knowledge Base Item
Q. Define microorganism and give its one example. (2+1)
• Rubric: Award two marks for correct definition and one mark for correct example.
• Taxonomy : Knowledge
• Why ? the student can recall, define, recognize or identify specific information presented during
discussion.
• Possible Answer:The organism that we cannot see with the naked eye, e.g. Bacteria.
• Comprehension Base Item
Q. Give two advantages and two disadvantages ofmicroorganisms. (4)
• Rubric: Award one mark for each correct advantage and one mark for each correct disadvantage.
• Taxonomy : Comprehension
• Why ? the student demonstrate understanding of information by translating it into a different form
or by recognizing it in translated form.
• Possible Answer:
Advantages: - Making food like cheese,help in digestion, making medicines, break down dead bodies etc.
Disadvantages: - Disease,spoilage of food etc. .
• Application Base Item
Q. Give three ways to avoid microorganisms. (3).
Rubric: Award one mark for each correct way.
• Taxonomy : Application
• Why ? the student can apply the information in performing concrete actions.
• Possible Answer:
Washing hands before eating, washing fruits before eating, brushing teeth regularly, keeping
homes clean etc
• Objective Type Questions
Q.1. Female dengue mosquito lays eggs: Knowledge
(a( on wall )b) in soil (c) on wood )d) in water
Q.2.The group which belongs to microorganisms is:
(a) insects )b) birds (c) fungi )d) mammals Comprehension
• Item Development class 8
• SLO Define the role of kidney and investigate the malfunction of kidney of human.
• Subjective Type Questions
Q.1. What is renal failure? (2)
Ans. Renal failure is the complete or partial failure of kidneys to work.
Q.2. What are the main four causes ofrenal failure? (4)
Ans. Causes:Long term infections, Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, sudden blockage of blood supply to
the kidneys
Q.3. Describe the treatment ofrenal failure. (6)
Ans. First description of dialysis and
Then description of kidney transplant.
• Objective Type Questions
Q.1.A tube which arises from kidney and enters the urinary bladder is called: Knowledge
(a) urethra )b) cortex(c) ureter )d) medulla
Q.2.Which of the following can cause stone formation in kidneys? Comprehension
(a) Salts )b) Sugar(c) Water )d) Fruits