2. Early Education in the United
States
Individualized – headmaster led students
in copying materials
19th Century
Lancasterian System – ability grouped and rote
learning
Societies formed to provide free education
20th Century
Creation of kindergarten
adjustments to legal age for leaving school
Changes in length of school day and term
3. Early Education
Edward L. Thorndike
human nature depended on learning
advocated stimulus-response environment
satisfying stimulus produced a satisfying
response
John Dewey
learners react to their environment
solve problems posed from their environment
no more drill and practice or straight rows of
desks
4. “Modern-Day Approach”
William Heard Kirkpatrick
students execute the assignment through
problem solving
teachers responsible for beginning the activity
and evaluating the results
Maria Montessori
teachers focus on sensory perceptions of
learners
teachers provide opportunity and
encouragement
5. 1919
Focus on individualized instruction
returns
Winnetka Plan in Illinois
Dalton Plan in Massachusetts
students were tested
students proceeded at different rates
depending on their individual ability
students were re-tested to check for progress
Group work accepted, BUT emphasis on
individual learning
6. America 2000
set of national education goals
transform the U.S. in “A Nation of
Students”
make learning a lifelong endeavor
Coalition of Essential Schools
intellectual focus, simple goals, universal goals,
personalization, student as a worker,
student exhibitions, attitude, staff, budget
7. Standards for the 21st Century
Learner
School libraries are essential to the
development of learners’ skills, resources,
and tools.
Learners:
1. Inquire, think critically, and gain knowledge
2. Draw conclusions, make informed decisions,
apply knowledge to new situations, and create
new knowledge
3. Share knowledge and participate ethically and
productively as members of our democratic
society
8. Library Media Specialists
role has changed with the rapid changes
in technology
dismissal of any learning occurring
outside of the classroom has made it
difficult for library media specialists
to collaborate with teachers
integral part of school leadership team
9. Library Media Program
mission is to ensure that students and
teachers are effective users of ideas
and information
provide intellectual and physical access to
materials in all formats
provide instruction to foster competence and
stimulate interest in reading, viewing, and using
information and ideas
work with educators to design learning
strategies to meet the needs of individual
10. Leadership Provided by
Library Media Specialists
Library media specialists should:
lead, collaborate with, and assist
teacher in applying principles of
instructional design
be an effective manager of programs
initiative to place resources into the
curriculum
build joint relationship with teachers
11. History of Library Media
Centers
first professionally trained librarian appointed
in 1900
1920’s – regional accrediting agencies required high
school libraries with a trained librarian
1960 – AASL received grant from Knapp
Foundation to help in development of school
libraries
1960 & 1962 – AASL received grants from Knapp
Foundation to help in development of school libraries
1965 – Elementary and Secondary Education
Act – funds were placed in Title II for library
12. School Libraries and Public
Libraries
There should be a strong communication
between the school library and the community
public library.
School Libraries Public Libraries
* integrate learning resources * research centered to serve the
and references into the needs of all the community
curriculum clientele
* curriculum-oriented programs * wide range of reading
* students are a captive * varied program possibilities
audience
Great partnerships let you reach out dynamically
and work with a wide variety of partners within
the school library and public library.
13. Summary
The evolution of education and school library
media programs has been a long, yet
successful, journey.
Resources
Partners in Success: When school and public librarians join forces, kids win |
School
Library Journal. (n.d.). School Library Journal | The world's largest reviewer
of books,
multimedia, and technology for children and teens. Retrieved April 8, 2013,
from
http://www.slj.com/2013/01/programs/partners-in-success-when-school-and-
public
librarians-join-forces-kids-win/
Woolls, B. (2008). The School Library Media Center in Today's Global
Sharon Smith
Environment. The ssmith7027@myasu.alasu.edu