Chemical reactinon 2nd part (hsc)

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1| A¨v‡gvwbqvi (NH3) mv‡_ (K) Aw·‡Rb (L) †mvwWqvg Gi wewμqv †`LvI
(K) cvwUbvg
cÖfve‡Ki Dcw¯’wZ‡Z A¨v‡gvwbqv Aw·‡R‡bi mv‡_ 9000 †m. ZvcgvÎvq wewμqv K‡i
bvBwUªK A·vBW I cvwb Drcboe K‡i|
4NH3 + 5O2  C 0 900 4NO + 6H2O
(L) †mvwWqv‡gi mv‡_ ï¯‹ A¨v‡gvwbqv M¨v‡mi wewμqvq †mvwWqvg A¨vgvBW MwVZ nq|
2Na + 2NH3 = 2NaNH2 +H2
2| P2O3
Gi mv‡_ (K) †K¬vwib (L) cvwb (M) Aw·‡R‡bi wewμqv †jL|
(K) Bnv †K¬vwi‡bi ms¯ú‡k© R¡‡j D‡V Ges dmdivm Aw·UªvB‡K¬vivBW I dmdivm WvB Aw· g‡bv
†K¬vivBW MVb K‡i|
P2O3 + 2Cl2 = POCl3 + PO2Cl
(L) Bnv kxZj cvwbi mv‡_ wewμqv K‡i dm‡dvwbK GwmW Drcboe K‡i|
P2O3 +3H2O = 2H3PO3
wKš‘ Mig cvwbi mv‡_ wewμqv K‡i dmwdb I dm‡dvwiK GwmW MVb K‡i|
2P2O3 + 6H2O = PH3 + 3H3PO4
(M) Bnv‡K AwZwi³ Aw·‡R‡b `nb Ki‡j dmdivm †c›Uv A·vBW MVb K‡i|
P2O3 +O2 = P2O5

3| P2O5
Gi mv‡_ kxZj I Mig cvwbi wewμqv
kxZj cvwbi mv‡_ P2O5
wnm wnm kã mnKv‡i wewμqv K‡i †gUvdmdwiK GwmW MVb K‡i|
P2O5 +H2O = 2HPO3
DËß cvwb‡Z P2O5
†hvM Ki‡j A‡_©vdmdwiK GwmW MwVZ nq|
P2O5 +3H2O = 2H3PO4
4| DËß Ki‡j wK N‡U?
(K) KNO3 (L) Pb(NO3)2 (M) NH4NO3
(†bvU t Zwor ivmvqwbK mvwi‡Z K¨vjwmqv‡gi Dc‡ii avZz mg~‡ni bvB‡UªU Zv‡c bvBUªvBU-G
cwiYZ nq| K¨vjwmqvg †_‡K Kcvi ch©š— avZzi bvB‡UªU Zv‡ci cÖfv‡e A·vBW MVb K‡i| Kcv‡ii
wb‡P Aew¯’Z avZzi bvB‡UªU we‡qvwRZ n‡q avZz‡Z cwiYZ nq)
(K) KNO3 = 2KNO2 + O2
(L) Pb(NO3)2   2PbO + 4NO2+O2
(M) NH4NO3  N2O + 2H2O
5| CuSO4 Ges AgNO3
`ªe‡Y c„_Kfv‡e AwZwi³ A¨v‡gvwbqv `ªeY †hvM Ki‡j wK wK cvIqv hvq?
CuSO4 Gi mv‡_ A¨v‡gvwbqv `ªeY t CuSO4 Gi mv‡_ A¨v‡gvwbqv `ªeY (NH4OH) †hvM Ki‡j cÖ_‡g
¶vixq Kcvi mvj‡d‡Ui bxj Aa‡¶c c‡o| c‡i AwZwi³ A¨v‡gvwbqv `ªeY †hvM Ki‡j †UUªvwgb wKDwcÖK
mvj‡d‡Ui Mvp bxj `ªeY m„ó nq|
2CuSO4 + 2NH4OH = CuSO4.Cu(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4
CuSO4.Cu(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4+ 6NH4OH = 2[Cu(NH3)4]SO4 +8H2O
AgNO3 Gi mv‡_ A¨v‡gvwbqv `ªeY t AgNO3 Gi mv‡_ AwZwi³ A¨v‡gvwbqv `ªeY2†hvM Ki‡j `ªeYxq
WvB A¨vwgb wmjfvi bvB‡UªU MwVZ nq|
2AgNO3 + 2NH4OH = Ag2O+ 2NH4NO3 + H2O
Ag2O+ 2NH4NO3 + 4NH4OH = 2[Ag(NH3)2]NO3 + 3H2O

6| wewμqv¸‡jv c~Y© Ki t
(K) SO2 + H2S =
SO2 + 2H2S = 2H2O +3S
(L) FeCl3 + H2S =
2FeCl3 + H2S = 2FeCl2 + 2HCl + S
(M) NH3 +Cl2 =
2NH3 +3Cl2 = 6HCl + N2
(N) K2Cr2O7+H2SO4+H2S =
K2Cr2O7+4H2SO4+3H2S = K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 7H2O+3S
(O) HNO3+P2O5 =
2HNO3+P2O5 = N2O5+2HPO3
(P) KMnO4 + H2SO4+H2S =
2KMnO4 +3H2SO4+5H2S = K2SO4+2MnSO4+8H2O+5S
(Q) NaOH +SO2 =
2NaOH +SO2 = Na2SO3+H2O
(R) Cu +H2SO4 (Conc) =
Cu +2H2SO4 (Conc) = CuSO4+SO2+2H2O
(S) Pb(NO3)2 + H2S =
Pb(NO3)2 + H2S = PbS +2HNO3
(T) Cu +HNO3 (CONC) =
Cu +4HNO3 (CONC) = Cu(NO3)2 + 2H2O +2NO2
(U) NH4Cl + CaO =
2NH4Cl + CaO =2NH3 +CaCl2 +H2O
(V) Cu +HNO3 (Vap) =
5Cu +2HNO3 (Vap) = 5CuO + H2O +N2
(W) CuO +NH3 =
3CuO +2NH3 = 3Cu + 3H2O +N2
(X) FeCl3 + SO2+H2O=
2FeCl3 + SO2 +2H2O =2FeCl2+2HCl+H2SO4
(Y) NO+KOH =
4NO+2KOH = 2KNO2+N2O + H2O

1| B_vbj †_‡K Bw_b cÖ¯‘wZ t B_vbj‡K AwZwi³ cwigvY I Mvp H2SO4
mn‡hv‡M DËß Ki‡j Zv wbi“w`Z n‡q
Bw_b cÖ¯‘Z K‡i|
H3C-CH2-OH+H2SO4 C 0 100
H3C-CH2-SO4H+H2O
H3C-CH2-SO4H C 0 165
H2C=CH2 + H2SO4
2| B_vbj †_‡K WvB B_vBj B_vi cÖ¯‘wZt AwZwi³ cwigvb B_vbj‡K Mvp H2SO4
mn‡hv‡M 1400C ZvcgvÎvq DËß
Ki‡j WvB B_vBj B_vi MwVZ nq|
H3C-CH2-OH+H2SO4 C 0 100
H3C-CH2-SO4H +H2O
H3C-CH2-SO4H + H3C-CH2-OH  C 0 140 CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 + H2SO4
3| B_vbj †_‡K B_vBj B_vb‡qU cÖ¯‘wZ t B_vbwqK Gwm‡Wi mv‡_ B_vb‡ji wewμqvq B_vBj B_vb‡qU MwVZ nq|
C2H5OH+ CH3COOH  C2H5COOCH3+H2O
4| B_vbj †_‡K B_vBj Av‡qvWvBW cÖ¯‘wZ t B_vb‡ji mv‡_ HI Gi wewμqvq B_vBj Av‡qvWvBW MVb K‡i|
C2H5OH+ HI  C2H5I+H2O
6| †dbj †_‡K A¨vwbmj cÖ¯‘wZ t ‡db‡ji mv‡_ NaOH Gi wewμqvq †mvwWqvg wd‡bU MwVZ nq| Gi mv‡_ wg_vBj
Av‡qvWvB‡Wi wewμqvq A¨vwbmj (wdbvBj wg_vBj B_vi) MwVZ nq|
+ NaOH  + H2O
+CH3I  +NaI
7| ‡dbj †_‡K wcKwiK GwmW cÖ¯‘wZ t ‡dbj‡K Mvp bvBwUªK GwmW (HNO3) Gi wewμqvq wcKwiK GwmW MwVZ nq|
+ 3HNO3 (Mvp)  + 3H2O
OH ONa
ONa
OCH3
OH OH NO2
NO2
O2N

8| †dbj †_‡K †ebwRb cÖ¯‘wZ t db‡ji mv‡_ Zn Gi wewμqvq †ebwRb MwVZ nq|
+ Zn  + ZnO
9| †dbj †_‡K †dbj mvj‡dvwbK GwmW cÖ¯‘wZ t
¯^vfvweK ZvcgvÎvq †ewbRb Gi mv‡_ Mvp H2SO4
Gi wewμqvq A‡_©v I c¨viv †dbj mvj‡dvwbK GwmW MwVZ
nq|
+ 2H2SO4  +
10| †dbj †_‡K m¨vwjmvjwWnvBW cÖ¯‘wZ t (ivBgvi UvBg¨vb wewμqv)
‡dbj‡K KwóK †mvWv ev Kw÷K cUv‡mi Rjxq `ªe‡bi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z 600C ZvcgvÎvq †K¬v‡ivdi‡gi mv‡_ DËß
Kiv n‡j m¨vwjmvjwWnvBW MwVZ nq|
+ CHCl3+3KOH  C 0 60
+3KCl + 2H2O
11| †dbj †_‡K A¨vwbwjb cÖ¯‘wZ t
ZnCl2
wbi“`‡Ki Dcw¯’wZ‡Z †dbj‡K A¨v‡gvwbqvi mv‡_ 3000C ZvcgvÎvq I D”P Pv‡c DËß Ki‡j A¨vwbwjb
MwVZ nq|
+NH3 
ZnCl 600C
2
+ H2O
12| †dbj †_‡K m¨vwjmvBwjK GwmW cÖ¯‘wZ t (†Kve wewμqv)
‡dbj‡K NaOH Gi mv‡_ wewμqv Kiv‡j †mvwWqvg wd‡bU MwVZ nq| Gi mv‡_ CO2
Gi wewμqvq †mvwWqvg
m¨vwjmvB‡jU MwVZ nq| D™yZ¢ m¨vwjmvB‡jU‡K HCl mn Av`ª we‡klb
Kiv‡j m¨vwjmvBwjK GwmW MwVZ nq|
+ NaOH  + CO2  +HCl 
OH
OH
OH SO3H OH
SO3H
OH
OH
CHO
OH NH2
OH ONa
OH COONa OH COOH

2q
1| wewfboe Ae¯’vq ¶v‡ii mv‡_ †K¬vwi‡bi wewμqv †`LvI| (¶v‡ii mv‡_ †K¬vwi‡bi AmvgÄm¨ wewμqv)
¶v‡ii mv‡_ †K¬vwib 2wU Ae¯’vq wewμqv K‡i
(K) ¯^vfvweK ZvcgvÎv ev 250C ZvcgvÎvq ¶vi (NaOH) Gi mv‡_ †K¬vwib wewμqv K‡i ‡mvwWqvg
†K¬vivBW I †mvwWqvg nvB‡cv †K¬vivBU MVb K‡i|
Cl2+2NaOH   C 0 25
NaCl+NaClO +H2O
(L) 700C ZvcgvÎvq Dò I Mvp ¶vi (NaOH) `ªe‡Yi mv‡_ †K¬vwi‡bi wewμqvq †mvwWqvg
†K¬vivBW I †mvwWqvg †K¬v‡iU MwVZ nq|
2Cl2+6NaOH  C 0 70
5NaCl+NaClO3 +3H2O
2| cUvwkqvg †eªvgvB‡Wi mv‡_ Mvp mvjwdDwiK Gwm‡Wi wewμqvq wK Drcboe nq?
cUvwkqvg †eªvgvB‡Wi mv‡_ Mvp mvjwdDwiK Gwm‡Wi wewμqvq cUvwkqvg nvB‡Wªv‡Rb mvj‡dU, mvjdvi WvB&
A·vBW I †eªvwgb MwVZ nq|
2KBr +3H2SO4  2KHSO4 + SO2 + Br2 +2H2O
we.`ª. - KBr Gi RvqMvq KI wb‡j I2
Drcboe n‡e|
3| Kwj Pz‡bi mv‡_ 400C ZvcgvÎvq †K¬vwib wewμqv K‡i wK Drcboe K‡i? (wewPs
cvDWvi cÖ¯‘wZ)
KwjPz‡bi mv‡_ 400C ZvcgvÎvq †K¬vwib wewμqv K‡i K¨vjwmqvg †K¬v‡iv nvB‡cv‡K¬vivBU A_©vr wewPs
cvDWvi
Drcboe K‡i|
Ca(OH)2 + Cl2  C 0 40
Ca(OCl)Cl +H2O
4| †jvwnZ dmdivm I †eªvwg‡bi wgkª‡b cvwb †hvM Ki‡j wK Drcboe n‡e?
‡jvwnZ dmdiv‡mi m‡½ †eªvwg‡bi wgkª‡b cvwb †hvM Ki‡j nvB‡Wªv‡Rb ‡eªvgvBW MwVZ nq|
2P + 3Br2 = 2PBr3
PBr3 + 3H2O = H3PO3 + 3HBr
we. `ª. - Br2 Gi RvqMvq I2
wb‡j HI MwVZ nq|
5| NaI, Mvp mvjwdDwiK GwmW I MnO2
Gi wgkªY DËß Ki‡j wK nq?
NaI, Mvp mvjwdDwiK GwmW I MnO2
Gi wgkªY DËß Ki‡j Av‡qvwWb cvIqv hvq|
2NaI + 3H2SO4 +MnO2  
2KHSO4+MnSO4+2H2O + I2
we. `ª. - NaI Gi RvqMvq NaCl/NaBr wb‡j Cl2/Br2
MwVZ nq| Bnv n¨v‡jv‡R‡bi mvaviY cÖ¯‘Z cÖbvjx|

6| kxZj I jNy Py‡bi cvwb‡Z †K¬vwib M¨vm Pvjbv Ki‡j wK N‡U?
kxZj I jNy Py‡bi cvwb‡Z †K¬vwib M¨vm Pvjbv Ki‡j `ªeYxq K¨vjwmqvg †K¬vivBW I K¨vjwmqvg nvB‡cv †K¬vivBU MwVZ nq|
2Ca(OH)2 + 2Cl2 = CaCl2 + Ca(ClO)2 + 2H2O
7| CuSO4 `ªe‡Y KI †hvM Kiv n‡j wK N‡U?
CuSO4 `ªe‡Y KI †hvM Kiv n‡j wKDcÖvm Av‡qvWvB‡Wi mv`v Aat‡¶c c‡o Ges Av‡qvwWb MwVZ nq|
2CuSO4 + 4KI = Cu2I2 + 2K2SO4 + I2
8| K¶ ZvcgvÎvq †K¬vwib M¨vm‡K NH3 M¨v‡mi m‡½ wgkv‡bv n‡j wK N‡U?
K¶ ZvcgvÎvq †K¬vwib M¨vm‡K NH3 M¨v‡mi m‡½ wgkv‡bv n‡j nvB‡Wªv‡K¬vwiK GwmW I bvB‡Uªv‡Rb MwVZ nq|
2NH3 + 3Cl2 = N2 + 6HCl
9| K¶ ZvcgvÎvq †K¬vwi‡bi mv‡_ cvwbi wewμqv †`LvI| (†K¬vwi‡bi A¤xq AmvgÄm¨Zv)
K¶ ZvcgvÎvq †K¬vwib cvwbi mv‡_ wewμqv K‡i nvB‡Wªv‡K¬vwiK GwmW I nvB‡cv‡K¬vivm GwmW MVb K‡i| c‡i nvB‡cv‡K¬vivm GwmW `ª“Z we‡qvwRZ n‡q nvB‡Wªv‡K¬vwiK GwmW I Aw·‡Rb M¨vm Drcboe K‡i|
Cl2 + H2O = HCl + HClO
2HClO = 2HCl +O2

1| mgxKiYmn eY©bv Ki wK N‡U -
(K) ï¯‹ B_vwiq `ªe‡Y B_vBj †eªvgvB‡Wi mv‡_ avZe †mvwWqv‡gi wewμqv Kiv‡bv nq| (DU©R wewμqv)
ï¯‹ B_vwiq `ªe‡Y B_vBj †eªvgvB‡Wi mv‡_ avZe †mvwWqv‡gi wewμqv Kiv‡bv n‡j weD‡Ub Drcboe nq|
2CH3 CH2 Br + 2Na 
ï¯‹ B_vi CH3 -CH2 -CH2 -CH3 + 2NaBr
(L) cvi A·vB‡Wi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z †cÖvwc‡bi mv‡_ HBr †hvM Kiv nq
cvi A·vB‡Wi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z †cÖvwc‡bi mv‡_ HBr †hvM Kiv n‡j 1-‡eªv‡gv †cÖv‡cb MwVZ nq|
CH3-CH=CH2 +HBr H2O2CH3-CH2-CH2(Br)
(M) †K¬v‡iv B‡_‡bi mv‡_ cUvwkqvg mvqvbvBW †hvM K‡i cÖvß †hŠM‡K Av`ª we‡kwlZ
Kiv nq|
‡K¬v‡iv B‡_‡bi mv‡_ cUvwkqvg mvqvbvBW †hvM Ki‡j B_vBj bvBUªvBj MwVZ nq| Bnv‡K Av`ª we‡klb
Ki‡j ‡cÖvcv‡bvwqK GwmW cvIqv hvq|
CH3CH2Cl+KCN  CH3CH2CN +KCl
CH3CH2CN  H2O,dilHCl CH3CH2COOH +NH4Cl
(N) ï¯‹ B_vi `ªe‡Y †mvwWqv‡gi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Av‡qv‡Wv‡ebwRb I CH3I Gi wgkªY DËß Kiv nq| (DU©R wdwUM
wewμqv)
ï¯‹ B_vi `ªe‡Y †mvwWqv‡gi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Av‡qv‡Wv‡ebwRb I CH3I Gi wgkªY DËß Ki‡j UjyBb MwVZ
nq|
+ 2Na + CH3I  
+ 2NaI
(O) CHCl3
Gi m‡½ HNO3 wewμqv K‡i|
CHCl3
Gi m‡½ HNO3 wewμqv Ki‡j †K¬v‡ivwcwμb (Kuv`y‡b M¨vm Drcboe nq)
CHCl3+HNO3  CCl3NO2 + H2O
(P) wg_vbj, †jvwnZ dmdivm I Av‡qvwWb Gi wgkªY DËß Kiv nq|
cÖ_‡g †jvwnZ dmdivm I Av‡qvwWb wewμqv K‡i dmdivm UªvB Av‡qvWvBW MVb K‡i| c‡i Bnv
wg_vb‡ji mv‡_ wewμqv K‡i wg_vBj Av‡qvWvBW MVb K‡i|
2P + 3I2  2PI3
3CH3OH+PI3  CH3I + H3PO3
I CH3

wewμqv¸wj m¤úboe Ki|
(K) CH3-CH2-Br + KOH(alc.) ?
CH3-CH2-Br + KOH(alc.)  CH2=CH2 +KBr +H2O
(L) CH3-CH2-Br + KOH(aq) ?
CH3-CH2-Br + KOH(aq.)  CH3-CH2OH +KBr
(M) +NaOH  400 C,150atm 0 ?
+NaOH  400 C,150atm 0 +HCl
i“cvš—i Ki t
(K) B_vbj †_‡K wg_vBj Av‡qvWvBW (CH3-CH2OH CH3I)
B_vbj‡K A¤xq
cUvwkqvg WvB †μv‡gU Øviv RvwiZ Ki‡j B_vbwqK GwmW Drcboe nq| Bnv‡K
†mvWvjvBg mn DËß Ki‡j wg‡_b MwVZ nq| wg‡_b‡K AlCl3
Gi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Av‡qvwW‡bi mv‡_ wewμqv Kiv‡j wg_vBj
Av‡qvWvBW nwVZ nq|
CH3CH2OH+2[O]  K2Cr2O7 HCl CH3COOH +H2O
CH3COOH +NaOH.CaO 
CH4+Na2CO3.CaO
CH4+I2 AlCl3CH3I + HI
Cl
Cl ONa

(L) †K¬v‡ivdig †_‡K wdbvBj AvB‡mv mvqvbvBW
A¨vj‡Kvnjxq KwóK †mvWv/KwóK cUvk I A¨vbwj‡bi m‡½ †K¬v‡ivdig‡K 600C-700C DòZvqyËß
Ki‡j wdbvBj AvB‡mvmvqvbvBW ev Kvwe©j A¨vwgb MwVZ nq|
+ CHCl3+KOH  C 0 60
+KCl + 2H2O
(M) †K¬v‡ivdig †_‡K m¨vwjmvjwWnvBW
‡dbj‡K KwóK †mvWv ev Kw÷K cUv‡mi Rjxq `ªe‡bi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z 600C ZvcgvÎvq †K¬v‡ivdi‡gi mv‡_ DËß
Kiv n‡j m¨vwjmvjwWnvBW MwVZ nq|
+ CHCl3+3KOH  C 0 60
+3KCl + 2H2O
(N) wg_vBj Av‡qvWvBW †_‡K B‡_b
ï¯‹ B_vwiq `ªe‡Y wg_vBj Av‡qvWvB‡Wi mv‡_ avZe †mvwWqv‡gi wewμqv Kiv‡bv n‡j B‡_b Drcboe nq|
2CH3 I + 2Na 
ï¯‹ B_vi CH3 -CH3 + 2NaI
(O) Av‡qv‡Wvwg‡_b †_‡K A¨vwg‡bv wg‡_b
Av‡qv‡Wvwg‡_b‡K A¨vj‡Kvnjxq A¨v‡gvwbqv `ªe‡bi mv‡_ D”P Pv‡c Ave× b‡j DËß Ki‡j A¨vwg‡bv
wg‡_b MwVZ nq|
CH3 I +NH3(alc)   CH3NH2 +HI
(P) Av‡qv‡Wvwg‡_b †_‡K wg_vbj
Rjxq KwóK †mvWv/KwóK cUv‡mi mv‡_ Av‡qv‡Wvwg‡_b Gi wewμqvq wg_vbj Drcboe nq|
CH3I + KOH(aq.)  CH3OH +KI
(Q) wMÖMbvW© weKviK †_‡K cÖvBgvix (10) A¨vj‡Kvnj
wMÖMbvW© weKvi‡Ki mv‡_ wg_vb¨vj Gi wewμqvq cÖvBgvix (10) A¨vj‡Kvnj MwVZ nq|
NH3
NC
OH
OH
CHO

(R) wMÖMbvW© weKviK †_‡K †m‡KÛvix (20) A¨vj‡Kvnj
wMÖMbvW© weKvi‡Ki mv‡_ B_vb¨vj Gi wewμqvq †m‡KÛvix (20) A¨vj‡Kvnj MwVZ nq|
(S) wMÖMbvW© weKviK †_‡K Uviwkqvix (30) A¨vj‡Kvnj
wMÖMbvW© weKvi‡Ki mv‡_ ‡cÖvcv‡bvb Gi wewμqvq Uviwkqvix (30) A¨vj‡Kvnj MwVZ nq|
(T) wMÖMbvW© weKviK †_‡K Kve©w·wjK GwmW
wMÖMbvW© weKvi‡Ki mv‡_ Kve©b-WvB-A·vB‡Wi wewμqvq Kve©w·wjK GwWm MwVZ nq|
(U) †K¬v‡iv‡ebwRb †_‡K †dbj
‡K¬v‡iv‡ebwRb‡K Av`ª †mvwWqvg nvB‡Wªv·vB‡Wi mv‡_ DËß Ki‡j †mvwWqvg wdb·vBW MwVZ
nq| Bnv‡K jNy HCl mn DËß Ki‡j †dbj cvIqv hvq
+NaOH  +HCl  
Cl
ONa OH

1| digvwj‡bi m‡½ A¨v‡gvwbhv †hvM Kiv nq|
digvwjb I Mvp NH3
`ªe‡bi wgkªY‡K DËß Ki‡j mv`v `vbv`vi †n·vwgw_wjb †UUªvwgb ev †n·vwgb bvgK †hŠM
Drcboe nq|
6HCHO + NH3  
(CH2)6N4 + 6H2O
2| †cÖvcv‡bv‡bi m‡½ CH3MgI ‡hvM K‡i cÖvß †hŠM‡K Av`ª-we‡klb
Kiv nq-
‡cÖvcv‡bv‡bi m‡½ CH3MgI ‡hvM K‡i cÖvß †hŠM‡K Av`ª-we‡klb
Ki‡j 30 A¨vj‡Kvnj (2-wg_vBj †cÖvcvbj-
2) MwVZ nq|
(wewμqvwU 6ô Aa¨v‡q ÓSÓ bs G mshy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q)
3| B_vb¨v‡ji m‡½ 2,4-DNP ‡hvM Kiv nq|
B_vb¨v‡ji m‡½ 2,4-DNP ‡hvM Ki‡j B_¨vj¨vj-2,4-WvBbvB‡Uªv wdbvBj nvBWªv‡Rvb MwVZ nq|
CH3CHO +  + H2O
4| †cÖvcv‡bv‡bi m‡½ LiAlH4
Gi wewμqv
LiAlH4
Øviv †cÖvcv‡bvb weRvwiZ n‡q †cÖvcvbj-2 MVb K‡i|
CH3-CO-CH3 + [H] LiAlH4
CH3-CH(OH)-CH3
5| cÖcv‡bv‡bi m‡½ 2,4-DNP ‡hvM Kiv nq|
‡cÖcv‡bv‡bi m‡½ 2,4-DNP ‡hvM Ki‡j ‡cÖvcv‡bvb-2,4-WvBbvB‡Uªv wdbvBj nvBWªv‡Rvb MwVZ nq|
CH3COCH3 +  + H2O
6| B_vb¨v‡jb m‡½ jNy NaOH †hvM Kiv nq|
jNy NaOH `ªe‡Y 2 Aby B_¨vb¨vj hy³ n‡q 3-nvBWªw· weDUvb¨j bvgK wmivcx Zij A¨vjWj MVb K‡i|
2CH3CHO  jNy 
H2N-NH
NO2
NO2
CH3-CH=N-NH
NO2
NO2
H2N-NH
NO2
NO2
CH3-C=N-NH
NO2
NO2
CH3
CH3-C-CH2-CHO
OH

7| B_vb¨v‡ji m‡½ †dnwjs `ªeY †hvM Kiv nq|
B_vb¨v‡ji g‡a¨ †dnwjs `ªeb †hvM Ki‡j †dnwjs `ªe‡Y Dcw¯’Z wKDwcÖK Avqb Øviv B_vb¨vj RvwiZ n‡q
†mvwWqvg B_vb‡qU Ges wKDwcÖK Avqb weRvwiZ n‡q wKDcÖvm A·vB‡W cwiYZ nq|
CH3-CHO+Cu(OH)2+NaOH  
CH3-COONa + Cu2O+H2O
8| B_vb¨v‡ji mv‡_ PCl5
†hvM Kiv nq|
B_vb¨‡ji mv‡_ PCl5
Gi wewμqvq 1,1-WvB‡K¬v‡iv B‡_b MwVZ nq|
CH3CHO+PCl5  CH3-CH(Cl)2
9| B_vb¨vj Gi mv‡_ Zn-Hg I HCl Gi wewμqv NUv‡bv nq| (wK¬‡gb‡mb weRviY)
Zn-Hg I HCl Gi wewμqvq Drcboe Rvqgvb nvB‡Wªv‡Rb Øviv B_vb¨vj weRvwiZ n‡q B‡_b Drcboe K‡i|
CH3-CHO+4[H]  ZnHg,HCl CH3-CH3 +H2O
10| B_vb¨vj‡K HCN Gi mv‡_ wewμqv NUv‡bv nq|
B_vb¨vj HCN Gi mv‡_ wewμqv K‡i B_vb¨vj mvqv‡bvnvBwWªb MVb K‡i|
CH3 –CHO+HCN  CH3-CH-OH
11| K¨vjwmqvg B_vb‡qU‡K ï¯‹ cvZb Kiv nq|
weMwjZ K¨vjwmqvg B_vb‡qU‡K ï¯‹ cvZb Ki‡j †cÖvcv‡bvb MwVZ nq|
(CH3-COO)2Ca  CH3-CO-C-H3+CaCO3
CN

mgxKiY¸‡jv c~Y© Ki|
1| (HCOO)2Ca+(CH3COO)2Ca 
(HCOO)2Ca+(CH3COO)2Ca  2CH3-CHO+2CaCO3
2| (HCOO)2Ca 
(HCOO)2Ca  HCHO+CaCO=3
3| CH3CHO+HCN ? 
 H2O,H
CH3CHO+HCN  CH3-CH-OH 
 H2O,H CH3-CH-COOH +NH3
4| HCHO+NH3 
6HCHO+4NH3  (CH2)6N4 +6H2O
5| CH3-CO-CH3+C6H5-NH-NH2 
CH3-CO-CH3+C6H5-NH-NH2  CH3-C=N-NH-C6H5 +H2O
6| CH3CHO+NH2OH 
CH3CHO+NH2OH  CH3-C=N-OH+H2O
(A¨vwm‡UvA·vBg)
7| C6H5OH+NaOH(Mvp) 
C6H5OH+NaOH(Mvp)  C6H5-COONa+C6H5-CH2OH
8| CH3-CO-CH3 +I2+NaOH  
CH3-CO-CH3 +3I2+4NaOH  
CHI3+CH3COONa+3NaI+3H2O
9| CH3-CHO +CH3-CH2-OH  HCl
CH3-CHO +CH3-CH2-OH  HCl CH3-CH-OCH3+H2O
CN OH
CH3
CH3
OCH3

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