US History

1. 1. Impact of the Revolution
 All Men Created Equal
 Slavery attacked
 Voting increases
 Women’s rights
2. Representative Democracy
3.



US problems
debt
Spanish and British
between states
4. Westward Expansion
notes1

2. 5. Articles of Confederation -- 1781 to 1789
Why AOC failed…?
Shay’s Rebellion
Anarchy = “mobocracy”
6. Call for a new constitution
Notes2

3. 1. Impact of the Revolution
• Principles of the DOI
notes1

4. “All Men Created
Equal”
•New England states are the first
to abolish slavery after the
Revolution.
•Middle States would abolish
later….
•In 1791, the Quakers formed
first Anti-Slavery Society and
Underground Railroad
•Southern States would expand
slavery after the invention of the
cotton gin.
•As country expands, North and
South would compromise over
the issue of slavery……
slavery

5. “All Men Created Equal”
•Mason Dixon Line set
the precedent over
dividing the country over
slavery.
•Ohio River would be the
dividing boundary
between North and
South.

6. Social Change
• Abolition of Aristocratic Titles
– Social mobility
• Separation of Church and state
• The institution of slavery contradicted the idea that “all
men are created equal”
– Several northern states would abolish slavery.
– Majority of southern slave-owners came to believe that slave
labor was essential to their economy
• Voting rights would expand
• Despite their contributions during the war, women
remained in a second-class status

7. 1790
WMA 21 yrs. old, educated
and property owner…….
voting
Several states would drop
property qualifications and
education…….

8. •Abigail Adams—1790’to early 1800’s
•Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B.
Anthony---1830’s to 1900’s
Republican motherhood
• Concept that a woman’s role was
•Women’s rights reformers to stay at home
and raise the next generation of PATRIOTS.
•citizenship
•This was a role to be proud of because a woman’s
responsibility was to teach and raise their children in
•right to vote
REPUBLICANISM.
REPUBLICANISM
•education
•Supported the abolition of slavery
•Republican motherhood
•Despite their contributions, women’s rights
did not progress and would remain 2nd class
Picture/Anthony & Stanton
citizens

9. •Also referred to as a republic
Concept: Republicanism
•Government authority comes
from the people who elect officials
that represent their interests
•Promoted the end of slavery,
slavery
encouraged education and
sacrifice for the public good

10. •13 colonies had a tradition of
governing themselves…..
•Elected their own representative law
making bodies.
•Passed laws to keep peace within
their communities.
• Colonies had a tradition of
representative democracy.
democracy
•That’s why they fought the
Revolution.

11. State Constitutions &
State Governments
• Common aspects
– Each state listed the basic rights and freedoms
that belonged to all citizens
• “unalienable rights”
• i.e. jury trial and freedom of religion
– Separation of powers
• Legislative powers to an elected two-house legislature
• Executive powers to an elected governor
• Judicial powers to a system of courts
– All white males with property could vote
• Based on the assumption that property-owners had a larger stake in
government than did the poor and property-less
• Elected officials higher qualifications than the voters

12. State Constitutions
Common Features of State
1. Popular sovereignty was the basis for every new State
constitution.
Constitutions
Popular
Sovereignty
Limited
Government
2.
3.
1.
2.
1.
Civil Rights
and Liberties
Separation of
Powers and
Checks and
Balances
2.
1.
2.
Government can exist and function only with the
consent of the governed.
People hold power and are sovereign.
Limited government was a major feature of each State
constitution.
Powers delegated to government were granted
reluctantly and hedged with many restrictions.
In every State it was made clear that the sovereign
people held certain rights that the government must
respect at all times.
Seven of the new constitutions contained a bill of rights,
setting out the “unalienable rights”
State governments were purposely divided among three
branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.
Each branch was given powers with a system of checks
and balances.

13. We owed France, Spain and other
countries who helped us with the
Revolutionary War.
Foreign Debt
$11,710,000
Individual states owed citizens
who loaned money to their
state.
State Debt
$21,500,000
US Govt. owed soldier’s
for fighting in the war,
debts to British and
Loyalists.
Federal Domestic Debt
$42,414,000
$80 Million
debt

14. British were to remove their troops from US soil…..The National
Government under the AOC was powerless to force Great Britain to honor
the Treaty of Paris, 1783
Jays

15. Disputed Territorial Claims
Between Spain & the US: 1783-1796

16. State Claims to Western Lands

17. Northwest
Territory
USA

18. 5. Our first Constitution -- 1781 to 1789

19. A/C chart
•Our first constitution (law of the land) and
land
attempt to create a democratic government
based on the ideas of DOI .
•Written by 2nd Continental Congress during
War and took effect in March 1781… Becomes
the Confederation Congress
•Founding Fathers were determined not to
have a king…..

20. A/C chart
Confederation Government
govt. of loosely organized states
Each state independent and conducted their own affairs
Created a weak national govt. which had little powers to
solve US problems
States held more power than US govt.
Would unite in times of crisis.
“Treaty of Cooperation between the states”

21. Government
Structure
•Congress--1 branch
•Confederation Congress
•No executive branch or
president…
•No judicial system…..
•One vote per state
regardless of size
Powers of
Congress
•Make war and peace
•make treaties
•build navy and army
•settle disputes among
states
•set up monetary
system
State
Responsibilities
•Obey Articles and acts of
Congress
•provide funds and troops
when “requested” by
Congress
•States regulated own trade
and taxed each other
•States had their own
currency
Major Problem: Created a weak national govt that could not tax,
regulate trade or enforce its laws because the states held more
power than the National Government.

22. Major Problem
Could not tax,
regulate trade or
enforce its laws
because the states
held more power
than the National
Government.
Why?
Feared a government
like King George

23. National Govt.
AOC/Congress
given 20% of
govt.powers
States given 80% of
governmental
powers…States were
over the National
Govt.
Fearing a strong
central govt. like
King George the
AOC created a weak
National Government
that was not given the
power to tax, regulate
trade or enforce their
laws.
EFFECTS
Could not deal
effectively with US
problems.

24. ■Grid system was created by
Thomas Jefferson…
■Structured and organized land
policy
Northwest
Territory
■Allowed for a peaceful purchase
of land.
■Promoted an orderly expansion
westward..
■Confederation Congress
convinced states who claimed land
out west to cede their land to the
US Govt.
■US Govt. was to come up with a
fair and reasonable land
policy…..Unlike the Proclamation
of 1763….

25. Land Ordinance
Northwest
Territory
Plot #16 was set
aside for public
education
Public Land
sold for $1.00
to $2.00 an acre
= pay debt

26. An addition to the Land
Ordinance of 1785
Northwest
Territory
Congress sold land in large
blocks, 40, 80, 160, 320 and
640 acres.
$1 to 2$ an acre to help pay
debt.
Encouraged settlers to form townships.
New states formed would be = to original 13
Influx of settlers causes violence with Indians
Guaranteed settlers “unalienable rights”

27. Ohio
1ST STEP
2nd STEP
3rd STEP
WHEN PEOPLE
FIRST SETTLE IN
THE AREA:
5,000 FREE ADULT
MALES:
60,000 SETTLERS:
Congress appoints a
governor and three
judges to govern the
territory
Landowners elect a congress
to make laws and raise taxes
with approval of governor. 1
representative is elected to
the US Congress who can
debate but not vote.
Becomes a state, with its own
government and constitution.
New states admitted with
same rights as the original
states. No more than 5 states
can carved out of this area.
The Northwest Ordinance encouraged ideals of the DOI and republicanism
(representative democracy) religious freedom, protection of liberty and property,
democracy
property
encouraged education, admitted new states and no slavery.
education

28. In early 1787 a group of small farmers protested against the
Massachusetts govt.
Why? They were in debt, their homes being repossessed and unfair
taxation.
They were led by Daniel Shays, a former army captain in the
Revolutionary War.
The purpose of the rebellion was to prevent foreclosures by keeping
the courts from sitting until the next election.
Shay’s Rebellion was put down by private army paid for by wealthy
merchants from Boston.
The AOC was unable to put down the rebellion with a national guard or
army.

29. Shays
Daniel Shay
1785 to 1787, unfair taxes, debt and foreclosure
Farmer’s rebellion to overthrow Mass. Govt.

30. Shays
Outcomes
Attacks by Shay followers
Rebellion put down by
a private militia
US Govt. too weak to
put down rebellion
Americans feared govt.
too weak = anarchy
Encounters between Shay’s
and hired militias.
Call for a Constitutional Convention to change AOC and
create a stronger national government.

31. notes3
total chaos, mob rule, survival
of the fittest, no respect for
law and order or attempting to
overthrow the authority of
govt. = unstable govt. = no
govt.
“MOBOCRACY”

32. Why A New Constitution
The AOC was unable to act decisively in a
time of crisis (could not protect life, liberty
and property).
Provided all the evidence needed to finally
convene and revise the constitution.
Why was Shay’s Rebellion such a concern
to our founding fathers?

33. The Elites Response to
Shay’s Rebellion:
“Respectable”
Americans were shocked
by the violence. Feared
“mobocracy”.
Let us have
{ a Constitution }
by which our lives,
liberties and properties
will be secured....

34. The Elites Response to
Shay’s Rebellion
The Annapolis Convention (1786)
George Washington hosted a conference at his home in Mt. Vernon,
VA (1785)
Representatives agreed that the problems were serious enough to
hold further discussions at a later meeting at Annapolis, MD, at
which all the states might be represented
Only 5 states sent delegates
Alexander Hamilton and James Madison persuaded the others to call
for a Constitutional Convention, to be held in Philadelphia for the
Convention
purpose of revising the Articles of Confederation

35. •3rd major argument
between the delegates was
how to limit the power of
government.
government
•But, give it enough power
to be effective.
Created a system of government
•Separated the powers of government into 3 branches that are coequal but independent from one another.
•To make sure one branch didn’t become to powerful they created
a system of checks and balances.

36. 3 branches
Legislative Branch
Executive Branch
Judicial Branch
•Congress (Art. 1)
•President (Art. 2)
•Supreme Court (Art. 3)
•Makes the law
•Carries out the law
•Interprets the law
3 Branches are separate, have different powers, co-equal
and checks and balances on one another to make sure one
branch does not get to powerful

37. 3 branches
Legislative Branch
Executive Branch
Judicial Branch
3 Branches are separate, have different powers, co-equal and checks
and balances on one another to make sure one branch does not get
to powerful
Legislative Checks
On Executive
•Override a veto
•Declare war
•impeachment
On Judicial
•Approve judges
•Impeachment
Executive Checks
Judicial Checks
On Legislative
•Veto a law
•Ask for war
•Propose laws
On Judicial
•Appoint judges
On Executive and
Legislative
•Declare an act of
President
or law of Congress
unconstitutional
•Appointed for life

39. •4th major argument between the
delegates was over slavery.
•Southern states wanted their
slaves to be counted as part of
their population because it
would give them more
representation in Congress.
•Northern states wanted to abolish slavery..
•Southern States would of left the Constitutional Convention if
there was an attempt to abolish slavery.
•North and South worked out 2 compromises.

40. •Southern states wanted their slaves to be
counted as part of the total population of
their state. Why?
•This would give them more representatives
in Congress.
•Thus giving them more voting power in
Congress and protecting their self-interest
of slavery.

41. •Northern states objected to the
South’s proposal and would only
agree to compromise.
•3 of every 5 slaves would be
counted as part of a state’s total
population.
•It was supported by both North
and South

42. Georgia’s Population
White = 300,000
Slaves = 100,000
3/5’s of 100,000
3/5’s of 100,000 = 60,000
300,000 + 60,000 =
Total Population = 360,000 which
would be counted towards
representation in Congress.

43. •Northern states agreed to the 3/5’s
Compromise only if the South
abolished the Slave Trade by 1807……
•Agreement was made….North was
hoping slavery would eventually fade
away and die out .
•This was their step towards abolishing
slavery.

44. •Law created at the
Constitutional Convention
in 1787.
•Escaped slaves captured
had to be returned to their
plantation owner.
•Not enforced in North and
led to the creation of the
Underground Railroad.
•Southerners would
become bitter and
ultimately left the US.

45. How the Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation Were Corrected by the
Constitution
Articles of Confederation
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
States have most of the power and
national govt. has little.
No executive to carry out the laws of
Congress
No national courts---only state courts
9/13 states have to approve a law before
it goes into effect
Congress has no power to tax
Congress can not regulate trade among
the states.
Each state coined its own money. No
national currency.
Unicameral Congress
Articles only a “firm league of friendship”
•
US Constitution
States have some power, but most power
is given to the national govt.
–
Federal Government
–
–
–
Executive---enforces law
Legislative---makes law
Judicial---interprets law
•
•
Electoral College
3 branches of govt.
•
•
Checks and balances
Congress given the power to tax, regulate
trade and enforce laws.
Only national govt. has the power to coin
money
Bicameral (2 house) Congress
Equal Representation by States and a
State’s population
Constitution established a strong National
Govt. over the States and to form a more
“perfect union”
•
•
•
•

46. New Constitution
New Constitution
Ratified in 1789
Ratified in 1789
2 houses of Congress
Power to tax
Regulate trade
President
Supreme court
¾’s of states needed
Congress makes law
A more perfect Union
Corrections: The New Constitution corrected the weaknesses of
the AOC by giving the national government more power than the
states with the ability to tax, regulate trade and enforce its laws..
tax
Chapter 2, Section 3
1
2
4
5
Chapter 2, Section 3

47. •Fifth major argument between
the delegates was how to solve the
problem over the states having
more power than the national
government.
Framers created a Federal Government
•Divided the powers of government on a geographic basis.
•They created 3 levels of government.
•National, state and local

48. United
States
Constitution
=
•Supreme law of the land….
•It is above all levels of government and no act, law or
public policy can be in conflict with it.
National Government is over the States.
Suprem e law

49. Delegated
Powers given to national
govt
Expressed
Implied
Power to tax
Make treaties
Coin money
Establish Post Offices
Raise a military
Declare war
Admit new states
Build dams
Interstate highways
Fund NASA
Regulate naturalization
Establish courts
Recognize new countries
Copyright/Patents
Weights/measurements
Prohibit racism
Regulate commerce
Concurrent
Powers shared by
all 3 levels
Make/enforce laws
Maintain courts
Collect taxes
Borrow money
Charter banks
Protect welfare of people
Call out the militia
Div of powers
Reserved
Powers given only to
the states
Provide for education
Establish local govts
Conduct elections
Protect public safety
Build state highways
Raise a state militia
Issue licenses
Incorporate businesses
Regulate trade in state
Regulate drinking age
Set speed limit
Create counties/cities
Decide death penalty
Marriage definition
Medicinal marijuana

50. US Govt 1789
States given 40% of
governmental powers…
States would have some
powers to control their
own affairs.
New Constitution
gave the National
Govt. 60% of
governmental
powers….National
Govt. was over the
states……..
With the new
constitution, the
National Government
was given the power to
tax, regulate trade,
enforce its laws and over
the states. National Govt.
law would always be
over the states.

51. 1. Constitutional Convention-----May 1787 to Sept. 1787
•Founding Fathers----- ”framers”
•Key issues
•Representation
•Electoral College
•Governmental power
•Slavery--------3/5’s Compromise
•Federal Government
•Corrections made

52. United
States
Constitution
=
•Supreme law of the land….
•US Constitution is over all levels of
government.
National Government is over the
States.
Some delegates feared the
central government would
be too powerful. A federal
govt. was created to allow
states and local govts to
handle their own affairs.
National Govt.
State Government
Powers of government
are divided between a
National, state and
local governments.
Powers of government
are shared by all
levels.
Local Government
Federal

53. Facts5
Absent and
opposed
•In order to ratify or approve the
Constitution, the Framers voted to
send it to the states to ratify. 9 of
the 13 states needed to ratify.
•The vote was 39 supporting the
Constitution (Federalists) and 16
opposing the Constitution (AntiFederalists)
•Would later agree to a Bill of
Rights

54. Art. 5, 6, 7
Federalists
A strong national govt over the states was
needed to protect “life, liberty, property and the
pursuit of happiness”
happiness
Constitution was a “sound” document which
•George
Washington
• Ben Franklin,
“limited” the power of the national govt.
•John Adams,
Gave it power to settle problems within the
•James Madison
Representative democracy is what the
•Alexander
Hamilton
country.
constitution was built on and stated in the
Preamble, We the People.
People
Appealed to more the wealthy, business owners
and educated.

55. fedpap
The
Federalist
Papers
•The Federalist Papers were a series of 85 essays written by
Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay which
supported the Constitution and convinced Americans that a
stronger national government was needed.
•Supported the Constitution and a strong central government

56. Art. 5, 6, 7
Anti-Federalists
The national govt was too powerful and it
would take away your right to “life, liberty,
property and the pursuit of happiness”
happiness
•Patrick Henry
The constitution was a threat to the “rights”
we fought for in the Revolution
•Thomas
Jefferson
States” should have more authority than the
•Sam Adams
national govt.
Feared representative democracy was
threatened because our rights were not
protected.
Appealed to the common man, farmers and
less educated

57. First 10 Amendments to the
Constitution in 1791
Rights and freedoms won in the
Revolution are preserved and
protected…
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
FREEDOM of Religion, Press,
Speech, Assembly, Petition
RIGHT TO KEEP AND BEAR
ARMS
No QUARTERING of soldiers in
peacetime
NO UNREASONABLE SEARCH
and SEIZURE
PROTECTION of ACCUSED
6.
Bill of rights
RIGHT TO A SPEEDY, PUBLIC
TRIAL BY JURY
7. TRIAL BY JURY IN CIVIL
SUITS
8. NO EXCESSIVE FINES or
CRUEL PUNISHMENT
9. POWERS RESERVED TO THE
PEOPLE
10. POWERS RESERVED TO THE
STATES

58. In order for the new
Constitution to become
the “law of the land”, 9
of 13 states had to ratify
the Constitution.
Ratify
struggl
e
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Delaware 30 – 0
Pennsylvania 46 – 23
New Jersey 38 – 0
Georgia
26 – 0
Connecticut 128 – 40
Massachusetts 187–168
Maryland 63 – 11
South Carolina 149 – 73
New Hampshire 57 – 47
Virginia
89 – 79
New York 30 – 27
North Carolina 194 – 77
Rhode Island
34 - 22

59. Wash inaugural
•New Constitution
and Government
take effect on April
30, 1789.
•Washington begins
his presidency in
New York City and
alternates between
there and
Philadelphia.
•Capital city at this
time was New York
City.

60. SUPREME LAW
OF THE LAND
It represents our belief in
•Power of govt. comes from the people
•Government power is limited
•Ordered, organized and structured govt.
•Representative democracy
•Written, May 1787 to Sept. 1787
•7,000 words
•Longest lasting constitution in history
•Greatest symbol of democracy in the world

61. Art2
WE THE PEOPLE
of the United States,
•in order to form a more perfect Union
•establish Justice
•ensure domestic Tranquility
•provide for the common defense
•promote the general welfare
•and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves
and our Posterity
do ordain and establish this Constitution for the
United States of America.

62. Article 1
Art1
Legislative Branch
Makes the law
•Section 1--House of Representatives and Senate
•Section 2 & 3---Qualifications for Congress
•Section 4---Elections and Meetings
•Section 5---Rules of Order
•Section 6---Pay Privileges
•Section 7---How Bills Become Laws
•Section 8---Powers of Congress
•Section 9---Powers Denied to Congress
•Section 10---Powers Denied to States

63. Powers congress
Article 1 Section 8
•Makes the law
•Power to tax
•To coin money
•Regulate foreign and interstate trade
•Raise and maintain armed forces
•Declare war
•Grant patents and copyrights
•Building hydroelectric dams
•Interstate highway system
•Prohibit racial discrimination

64. Art2
Article 2
Executive Branch
Signs, carries out or executes the law into action
•Section 1---Qualifications of President & Vice
President
•Section 2---Presidential Powers
•Section 3---Presidential Duties
•Section 4---Impeachment

65. Art3
Article 2
Executive Power
•Signs or enforces the law
•Veto power
•Commander in Chief
•Ask for a declaration of war
•Enter into a treaty
•Grants pardons and reprieves
•Appoints ambassadors, judges and
cabinet
•Call a special session of Congress
President Bush signing
a proposed bill of
Congress into law
Powers of pres

66. Article 3
Art3
Judicial Branch
Interprets the law (constitution)
•Section 1---Qualifications of Judges
•Section 2---Jurisdiction of Courts
•Section 3---Treason

67. Nevada Supreme Court
chart

68. Art 4
Article 4
Concerning the States
•Section 1---rights and duties of states
•Section 2---rights and liabilities of citizens
•Section 3---admitting new states
•Section 4---guarantee to states

69. Article 5
Art. 5, 6, 7
Amending the Constitution---adding on or
changing the Constitution--- 27 Amendments
Article 6
Constitution, law of the land…..Supremacy
Clause
Article 7
Ratification of Constitution by 9 states

70. First 10 Amendments to the
Constitution in 1791
Rights and freedoms won in the
Revolution are preserved and
protected…
Bill of rights
1.
FREEDOM of Religion, Press,
Speech, Assembly, Petition
6.
RIGHT TO A SPEEDY, PUBLIC
TRIAL BY JURY
2.
RIGHT TO KEEP AND BEAR
ARMS
7.
TRIAL BY JURY IN CIVIL
SUITS
3.
No QUARTERING of soldiers in
peacetime
8.
NO EXCESSIVE FINES or
CRUEL PUNISHMENT
4.
NO UNREASONABLE SEARCH 9.
and SEIZURE
5.
PROTECTION of ACCUSED
POWERS RESERVED TO THE
PEOPLE
10. POWERS RESERVED TO THE
STATES

73. 1. Constitutional Convention-----May 1787 to Sept. 1787
•55 delegates met in Philadelphia
•Founding Fathers----- ”framers”
•Key issues:
•Representation
•Great Compromise created---Congress
•Senate----equal representation
•House of Representatives---based on population
•Electoral College
•Governmental power
•Separation of Powers ---3 branches of government
•Checks and balances
•Slavery--------3/5’s Compromise
•Corrections made
•Stronger national government over the states
•Federal government

74. 2. Divided Convention
•9/13 states needed to ratify (to approve)
•Political parties begin
•Federalists: supported the Constitution
•“The Federalist”---essays support Constitution
•Anti-Federalists: against Constitution
•Too powerful----supported state ’s rights
•Compromised with the Bill of Rights
•Ratification struggle
•New Constitution took effect, April 1789
•Washington first President
•Adams first VP
3. Inside the Constitution
notes7
Constitution replaced the
Articles---becomes the law of
the land….

75. 5. Our first Constitution -- 1781 to 1789
Why AOC failed…?
Shay’s Rebellion
6. Call for a new constitution
Notes2

76. 1. Impact of the Revolution
 Loyalists???????????
 All Men Created Equal
 Slavery attacked
 Voting increases
 Women’s rights
notes1
U.S. begins to implement
ideas of the DOI.
2. US problems after war
 debt
 Disputes:
 Land claims between states
 Spanish and British
3. Articles of Confederation
 First Constitution and Government ---1781 to 1789
 First attempt at representative democracy
1. no govt. related to a king

77. Why AOC fail…?
Notes2
Major structural problems
No power to tax, regulate trade or enforce its laws
Could not solve problems in US
Shay’s Rebellion, 1786
Americans feared govt. too weak = anarchy
Call for a Constitutional Convention to change AOC
3. Successes under the AOC:
Treaty of Paris 1783
Land policies
Land Ordinance of 1785
Northwest Ordinance of 1787

78. 2. U.S. problems after the war
Debt
Disputes:
Between states
British and Spanish
Mobocracy
notes2
3. Our first Government/Constitution---March 1781
Articles of Confederation
Successes under the AOC:
Peace and unity
Land Ordinance, 1785
Northwest Ordinance, 1787
Why AOC fail…?
Could not solve problems in US
Major structural problem
Shay’s Rebellion, 1785
Call for a Constitutional Convention to change AOC

79. Land policies
Land Ordinance of 1785
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Carved out new states
Why AOC failed…?
States held more power than national govt.
No power to tax, regulate trade or enforce its laws
Could not solve problems in US
Shay’s Rebellion, 1786
Govt. too weak to put down rebellions
Anarchy
=
“mobocracy”
Call for a Constitutional Convention to change AOC
Annapolis Convention
Notes2

80. notes1
1. Impact of the Revolution
To bring about equality in
 Loyalists???????????
society, political rights and
 Egalitarian movements
economic opportunities…..
 Social Equality
“all men created equal ”
 Slavery attacked
 Women’s rights
States begin to
 Republican motherhood
implement ideas of
 Political equality
the DOI.
 Increased voting
 States write new democratic constitutions
 Representative democracy
“Republicanism”
 Economic Equality
Republican form of
 Loyalist land sold
government
 Industry and trade increases

81. 1. Impact of the Revolution
 Egalitarian movements
 Slavery attacked
 Women’s rights
 Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness
 Encouraged westward expansion
 Land Ordinance of 1785
 Northwest Ordinance of 1787
 Power of government comes from the people
 Representative democracy = republic
 Voting increases
 State Constitutions
2.



US problems after war
Debt = $80 million
Great Britain and Spain
States fighting over new land
notes1