The xAPI: What an Instructional Designer Needs to Know
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The document summarizes Megan Torrance's presentation on the xAPI and what instructional designers need to know about it. It discusses that the xAPI allows for tracking any learning experience, including informal learning outside an LMS. It provides examples of xAPI activity statements and encourages experimenting with creating statements. It also discusses how the xAPI enables tying learning to results and job performance better than SCORM. The presentation suggests instructional designers think about the questions they want to answer and what data would help, and provides examples of how the xAPI could be used now and in the future.
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The xAPI: What an Instructional Designer Needs to Know
- 1. Session #703 The xAPI: What Does an Instructional Designer Need to Know? Megan Torrance, TorranceLearning Orlando, FL • March 16 – 18, 2016
- 2. Life in a Post-SCORM World What Does an Instructional Designer Need to Know?
- 4. Tour the campus & buildings Explore benefit package Take a skills assessment Attend webinar Attend a class Rate your experience Complete online course Observe the job being done Receive coaching Watch a video Follow a blog Read a book by an expert Elearning: Welcome & virtual tour Elearning: Log into LMS Elearning: Plant tour Class: Your benefits & you Class: Email and You Elearning: Who’s who Elearning: Our customers Class: Finance 101 Recorded webinar Webinar Multiple choice test Practice doing the job Job shadow Class: Using the intranet Onboarding Plan BOnboarding Plan A
- 5. What is xAPI? “x” = experience “API” = application programming interface Simple, lightweight way to store and retrieve records
- 6. What is xAPI? Answer #1 Next-generation SCORM Answer #2 A protocol for recording any learning experience to give of the development path. Answer #3 A protocol and language for sending and retrieving data experiences: activity statements Answer #4 “the holy grail” where we can correlate job performance data to assess people and training effectiveness
- 7. When we live in a SCORM world … … we live in a box.
- 9. When we live in a SCORM world … • We focus on the instruction & the media in elearning. • Developer tools do the heavy lifting for SCORM. • We don’t think much about data or reporting. • We may struggle to tie learning “completions” to organization results. We probably don’t track out-of-LMS learning at depth or scale.
- 10. In an xAPI world … • We focus on the instruction & the media & the data in everything. • There are few rich developer tools do the heavy lifting for xAPI yet. • We now get to think about data and reporting. • We can tie learning & behavior to results if we do it right. We can track out-of-LMS learning at depth and scale. We can tie behaviors & results to learning.
- 11. So get comfortable with some of this …
- 12. What’s in an xAPI activity statement?
- 13. Claire read Business Writing for Professionals John practiced frosting birthday cakes Lindsey watched the Company History video Rashad completed Oil Change Upselling Actor verb object Actor verb object context
- 14. Mohammed wrote a blog post about local theatre that got 45 views and 3 comments Oron rated ATD event Essentials of Creating Learning Experiences with xAPI @MMTorrance 4 stars “coffee rocked, nice use of WebEx” Claire read Business Writing for Professionals John practiced frosting birthday cakes Lindsey watched the Company History video Rashad completed Oil Change Upselling Cynthia completed Oil Change Upselling score 60% Ladan simulated landing at DTW Arthi simulated landing at DTW in SimSuite #4 and was rated 98% by Instructor
- 16. So what should we track & Measure?
- 17. Stop thinking about your courses Start thinking about your questions. Start thinking about what data would help you answer those questions. You’re already using some ID concepts and techniques that will lend themselves well to an xAPI world …
- 18. ! Designa solution to meet stated needs ! Respondtoquestions correctly ! Decideacourse of action ! Collect &enterdata accurately ! Nailroof shingles safely PracticeinTraining Know.. . Business Goal thatsolves a Business Problem Adapted from: Cathy Moore Cathy Moore’s Action Mapping
- 19. Kirkpatrick’s Levels of Training Evaluation Level 2 Level 2 Level 3 / 4 Level 4 / 5 Behaviors ! Practice & Testing Knowledge & Retention Results & ROI Level 1 Satisfaction & Experience SCORM xAPI
- 21. Conrad gottfredson & bob mosher’s 5 (9) Moments of Learning Need 5 Moments of Learning Need: Gottfredson & Mosher http://www.learningsolutionsmag.com/articles/949/ 9 Moments of Need: Torrance https://www.td.org/Publications/Magazines/TD/TD- Archive/2014/09/Nine-Moments-of-Learning Apply New More Solve Change SCORM xAPI SCORM Before Prepare Remember Teach
- 22. An Experience Learning Model Experience Debrief Reflection Action Planning What What happened? So what? Now what?
- 23. What can you do now that you have xAPI? • Learn more about the learning experience • Learn more about the performance • Correlate learning with performance • Correlate learning with results • Correlate performance with results • Offer more targeted training • Support performance in better ways • Learn from others • Share learning with others • Compare performance and learning across learners • Deliver and track training outside of the LMS
- 24. What’s being done with xAPI now?
- 25. A lot of tools- based projects to learn more about the learning experience PDF Video Developer tools
- 26. Very granular learning experience data & testing results …
- 27. Reading back from the LRS to make smarter courses From within the course: Where are you? What are you learning from other courses? What did you do before?
- 28. Reading actual performance data from other systems to make smarter courses What are people doing that’s better than before? Which learning experiences work best to improve performance? Based on performance, what learning do I need? Not need?
- 29. Handles some things better than SCORM Social learning Gamification Badging & credentials Aggregating across platforms Formal & Informal learning
- 30. Plus a bunch of somewhat boring things that learning tech ought to do but couldn’t with SCORM Work offline Work outside the LMS Work on a different server than the LMS Complex interaction & question- level data tracking
- 31. What’s an instructional designer to do? Skills you need: • Instructional Design • Written Communication • Visual Communication • Developer Tools • Project Management • JavaScript • Data Science • Data smarts • Good questions • Business acumen
- 32. What is a day hike? Those first-step projects that: • Show real impact • Help you figure out your data issues • Prove your point • Free or very low cost • (Maybe even under the radar) Things you can pick up and do without breaking other things. Dollarphotoclub_60078630
- 33. Why do you need a day hike? You can’t sell xAPI. (no one cares) You can sell the connection between improved learning data and better organizational outcomes. You probably need a proof-of- concept. You have to show it.
- 34. SCORM on steroids Where can I get it? Sean Putman’s work in xapiquarterly.com
- 35. The hypomnema Where can I get it? https://github.com/To rranceLearning/book marklet tincanapi.com/ bookmarklet/
- 36. The experience learning to do list Where can I get it? https://github.com/To rranceLearning/xAPI- Gnome
- 37. Go forth.
Notes de l'éditeur
- Introduce Megan
- ASK: Using your pointer tool, put your name on which onboarding plan you’d rather participate in. DISCUSS: Why did you pick that?
- xAPI is a simple, lightweight way to store and retrieve records about learners and share this data across platforms. These records (known as activity statements) can be captured in a consistent format from any number of sources (known as activity providers) and they are aggregated in a learning record store (or LRS). The LRS is analogous to the SCORM database in an LMS. The “x” in xAPI is short for “experience” and implies that these activity providers are not just limited to traditional AICC- and SCORM-based e-learning. With xAPI you can track classroom activities, usage of performance support tools, participation in online communities, mentoring discussions, performance assessment, actual business results, and so on. The goal is to create a full picture of an individual’s learning experience and how that relates to her performance. “API” stands for application programming interface, a common method for software systems to interact and share data. xAPI activity statements can be generated by activity providers and sent to the LRS, or they can be sent from the LRS to other systems. Many current applications offer APIs to make their data available in other systems, and vice versa.
- Let’s go back to the ‘book”.. This is pulled from the xAPI documentation almost verbatim.. this is the “promise” of xAPI. #1 – actually this answer makes people involved with xAPI cringe. It’s like saying your smartphone is a next generation book. But it’s a good place to start the conversation. And then quickly move along. #2 – from the instructional design perspective, when your job is to build and track training. This is where it’s at. With SCORM you can track about 20 things, only 4 of which are interesting. (Location, Time, Score, Complete, Answers). Now that’s not to say that you can’t get really clever with SCORM and trick it into doing a few other things. #3 – builds off this – reinforce that learning experiences in the future won’t come entirely from e-learning. Give examples (RFID, Ab Scex KPI’s, other “triggers” that happen in the real world.. Call center logs, manufacturing floor, blah blah) #4 – xAPI won’t do this for you. It provides the data that my help you do it .. But it won’t do it for you.
- It’s worthwhile to spend a little bit of time talking about what happens when we live in a SCORM world (which we all do) and how xAPI is different.
- SCORM is a standard for the way that elearning courses communicate with their learning management systems. It tracks about 20 pieces of data, about 5 of which are interesting to instructional designers SCORM is just fine if everything you need to learn and track can be housed in your LMS. And you only learn when you’re connected to the internet and logged into the LMS.