1. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 1

2. PROGRAMMER ANARCHY
Antonio Terreno
Forward Internet Group, London, UK
toni@forward.co.uk
@javame
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3. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 2

4. Experiences at...
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5. Experiences at...
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6. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 3

7. Performance
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8. Performance
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9. Performance
£3m £7m £13m £27m £55m
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10. Performance
£3m £7m £13m £27m £55m
£0.5m £0.7m £1.0m £3.9m £10.0m
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11. £100m
Performance
£3m £7m £13m £27m £55m
£0.5m £0.7m £1.0m £3.9m £10.0m
£15m
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12. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 4

13. Why is Forward Working?
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14. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 5

15. Agile Manifesto
✦ Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
✦ Working software over comprehensive documentation
✦ Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
✦ Responding to change over following a plan
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16. Agile Manifesto
✦ Individuals and interactions over processes and tools✓
✦ Working software over comprehensive documentation ✓
✦ Customer collaboration over contract negotiation ✓
✦ Responding to change over following a plan ✓
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17. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 6

18. XP Values
✦ Feedback
✦ Communication
✦ Simplicity
✦ Courage
✦ Respect
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19. XP Values
✦ Feedback ✓
✦ Communication ✓
✦ ✓
Simplicity
✦ Courage ✓
✦ Respect ✓
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20. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 7

21. Agile Best Practices
✦ Stand ups ✦ Unit tests
✦ Story narratives ✦ Acceptance tests
✦ Retrospectives ✦ Refactoring
✦ Estimates ✦ Patterns
✦ Iterations ✦ Continuous integration
✦ Mandatory pairing
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22. Agile Best Practices Not Used
✦ Stand ups ✦ Unit tests
✦ Story narratives ✦ Acceptance tests
✦ Retrospectives ✦ Refactoring
✦ Estimates ✦ Patterns
✦ Iterations ✦ Continuous integration
✦ Mandatory pairing
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23. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 8

24. Agile Impact:
Trust
between Customer and Developer
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25. Trust
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26. Trust
waterfall
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27. WHY?
✦ Larger systems
✦ Higher expectations
✦ Volatile commercial
environments
Trust ✦ etc...
waterfall
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28. Trust
waterfall
Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd Idea from Mark Durrand, uSwitch 10

29. agile/lean
Trust
waterfall
Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd Idea from Mark Durrand, uSwitch 10

30. Lean
Kanban
Trust SCRUM Agile
XP
waterfall agile/lean
Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd Idea from Mark Durrand, uSwitch 10

31. Trust
Cultural
Chasm
waterfall agile/lean
Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd Idea from Mark Durrand, uSwitch 10

32. ✦ Frequency of interaction
✦ Process impact
✦ Fewer roles (& titles!)
Trust
Cultural
Chasm
waterfall agile/lean
Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd Idea from Mark Durrand, uSwitch 10

33. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 11

34. Role impact
management
Agile
Roles
business development
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35. Role impact project
manager
iteration
management manager
Agile
Roles
business development
customer programmer architect
QA
BA UI designer
DBA
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36. Role impact project
manager
iteration
management manager
Agile
Roles
business development
customer
QA developer
BA
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37. Trust
Cultural
Chasm
Fortune 50 story
waterfall agile/lean
Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd Idea from Mark Durrand, uSwitch 12

38. Cultural
Chasm
Trust
Fortune 50 story
waterfall agile/lean
Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd Idea from Mark Durrand, uSwitch 12

39. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 13

40. Agile Roles
✦ Customer
✦ Project manager
✦ Business analyst
✦ Developer
✦ Quality assurance / tester
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41. Agile Roles
✦ Customer ✓
✦ Project manager
✦ Business analyst
✦ Developer ✓
✦ Quality assurance / tester
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42. Agile Roles
✦ Customer ✓
✦ X
Project manager
✦ Business analyst X
✦ Developer ✓
✦ Quality assurance / tester X
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43. Agile Roles Reduced Again...
✦ Customer ✓
✦ X
Project manager
✦ Business analyst X
✦ Developer ✓
✦ Quality assurance / tester X
✦ Manager of programmers X
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44. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 14

45. Developer-Driven Development
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46. Developer-Driven Development
Open Source Business
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47. Developer-Driven Development
PROGRAMMER ANARCHY
Open Source Business
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48. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 15

49. Why “ANARCHY”
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50. Why “ANARCHY”
✦ EMPOWERMENT
✦ Somebody “gives” it
✦ Somebody can “take
it away”
✦ Leads to “Can I ... ?”
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51. Why “ANARCHY”
✦ EMPOWERMENT ✦ ANARCHY
✦ Somebody “gives” it ✦ Nobody to ask
✦ Somebody can “take ✦ Can’t stop someone
it away” else
✦ Leads to “Can I ... ?” ✦ Disagreements
expected
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52. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 16

53. Matching Work and Devs
Stories Devs
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54. Matching Work and Devs
Stories Devs
Stand Up
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55. Matching Work and Devs
Projects Devs
“Resource Rumble”
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56. Matching Work and Devs
Projects Devs
Who?
“Resource Rumble”
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57. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 17

58. Agile Side Effect:
Story Tyranny
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59. Agile Side Effect:
Story Tyranny
✦ Development driven by stories
✦ Stories small
✦ Priority set by customer
✦ Story-level estimates and metrics
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60. Agile Side Effect:
Story Tyranny
✦ Development driven by stories
✦ Stories small
✦ Priority set by customer
✦ Story-level estimates and metrics
Problem:
Developers become disconnected
from business problem (Drones)
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61. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 18

62. Business Decisions Shift...
Trust
waterfall agile/lean anarchy
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63. Business Decisions Shift...
Cust Dev
Trust
waterfall agile/lean anarchy
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64. Business Decisions Shift...
Cust Dev
Trust
Cust Dev
waterfall agile/lean anarchy
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65. Business Decisions Shift...
Cust Dev
Trust
Cust Dev
Cust Dev
waterfall agile/lean anarchy
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66. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 19

67. forwardtechnology.co.uk
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68. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 20

69. Example: Energy Revolution
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70. Example: Energy Revolution
✦ Prior system:
✦ .NET with SQLServer
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71. Example: Energy Revolution
✦ Prior system:
✦ .NET with SQLServer
✦ New system:
✦ Ruby, Clojure, C++
✦ MySQL, MongoDB
✦ HAML, SASS
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72. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 21

73. Example: Energy Revolution
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74. Example: Energy Revolution
✦ Ruby for energy calculation - big improvement!
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75. Example: Energy Revolution
✦ Ruby for energy calculation - big improvement!
✦ Rewrote in Clojure
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76. Example: Energy Revolution
✦ Ruby for energy calculation - big improvement!
✦ Rewrote in Clojure
✦ Rewrote in Clojure (again)
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77. Example: Energy Revolution
✦ Ruby for energy calculation - big improvement!
✦ Rewrote in Clojure
✦ Rewrote in Clojure (again)
Question: What manager would let them to do it?
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78. Example: Energy Revolution
✦ Ruby for energy calculation - big improvement!
✦ Rewrote in Clojure
✦ Rewrote in Clojure (again)
Question: What manager would let them to do it?
Hence: No manager!
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79. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 22

80. Example: Click Tracking
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81. Example: Click Tracking
✦ Old system:
✦ Ruby-based, 32 servers with 40% utilization
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82. Example: Click Tracking
✦ Old system:
✦ Ruby-based, 32 servers with 40% utilization
✦ New system:
✦ Node.js, 22 servers with 10% utilization and lower
latency
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83. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 23

84. Cultural Enablers
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85. Cultural Enablers
Fear is the
mind killer
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86. Cultural Enablers
Sound finances
Like risk
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87. Cultural Enablers
Sound finances
Like risk
Clarity of Developer
success focused
Respected peers
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88. Cultural Enablers
Do or not do,
Sound finances there is no try
Like risk Experimentation
drives innovation
If you are not failing,
you are not trying
Clarity of Developer
success focused
Respected peers
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89. Cultural Enablers
Do or not do,
Sound finances there is no try
Like risk Experimentation
drives innovation
If you are not failing,
you are not trying
Clarity of Developer
success focused The greatest barrier
to success is
Respected peers the fear of failure
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90. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 24

91. Agile Best Practices Not Used
✦ Stand ups ✦ Unit tests
✦ Story narratives ✦ Acceptance tests
✦ Retrospectives ✦ Refactoring
✦ Estimates ✦ Patterns
✦ Iterations ✦ Continuous integration
✦ Mandatory pairing
Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 24

92. Agile Best Practices Not Used
Trust w
✦ Stand ups collocation ✦ Unit tests
✦ Story narratives ✦ Acceptance tests
✦ Retrospectives ✦ Refactoring
✦ Estimates ✦ Patterns
✦ Iterations ✦ Continuous integration
✦ Mandatory pairing
Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 24

93. Agile Best Practices Not Used
Trust w
✦ Stand ups collocation ✦ Unit tests
✦ Story narratives ✦ Acceptance tests
✦ Retrospectives ✦ Refactoring
✦ Estimates ✦ Patterns
Results,
✦ Iterations not blame ✦ Continuous integration
✦ Mandatory pairing
Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 24

94. Agile Best Practices Not Used
Trust w
✦ Stand ups collocation ✦ Unit tests
✦ Story narratives ✦ Acceptance tests
Small,
✦ Retrospectives ✦ Refactoring
short-lived
✦ Estimates ✦ Patterns apps
Results,
✦ Iterations not blame ✦ Continuous integration
✦ Mandatory pairing
Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 24

95. Agile Best Practices Not Used
Trust w
✦ Stand ups collocation ✦ Unit tests
✦ Story narratives ✦ Acceptance tests
Small,
✦ Retrospectives ✦ Refactoring
short-lived
✦ Estimates ✦ Patterns apps
Results,
✦ Iterations not blame ✦ Continuous integration
✦ Mandatory pairing Continuous
deployment
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96. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 25

97. Reality Check
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98. Reality Check
✦ Different extent by team
✦ Talent, experience, apprehension
✦ Anarchy exists in how Anarchy is implemented
✦ Even our best Anarchists “ask” on occasion
✦ Commercial success driving freedom
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99. Anarchy dangers
✦ Works well with teams that are at a Ri level
✦ From anarchy to dictatorship
✦ Work in progress Excess
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100. Go home with this line
✦ Agile is learn how to embrace agile practises and then
learn how to take them off and then back in,
depending on the context
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101. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 28

102. PROGRAMMER ANARCHY
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103. Copyright © 2011 by Forward Internet Group, Ltd 28