Can We Afford CSCL?
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Paul Kirschner (Director of Research on Lifelong Learning in the Professions, Netherlands Laboratory for Lifelong Learning (NeLLL), Open University of Netherlands explains the social aspects of collaborative learning at Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (27/02709)
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Can We Afford CSCL?
- 1. Social Aspects of Collaborative Learning Environments Prof. dr. Paul A. Kirschner Open Universiteit Nederland Universitat Oberta de Catalunya Question: Can we afford CSCL? 1
- 2. 2
- 3. Affordances Affordance??? Possibility for action • reciprocal relation • perception-action coupling (you perceive something and thus you do something) 3
- 4. 4
- 5. What is CSCL? • Learning • With others (Collaboration) • Supported by a computer network PLACE (Electronic) project same Problem-based rooms co-located place learning groups contiguous learning group synchronous asynchronous TIME co-presence time deferred asynchronous distributed learning group Video Threaded conferencing discussion lists different distributed place 5
- 6. Premise 1 Artifacts and our perception of them influence our behavior 6
- 7. 7
- 8. Premise 2 Behavior is determined by: • Culture • Material • Technology In other words: Behavior is context- bound 8
- 9. 9
- 10. Premise 3 Education is always a combination of technological, social and pedagogic/educational affordances 10
- 11. Educational 11
- 12. authentic task group responsibility external internal control control individual responsibility constructed task 12
- 13. interdependence positive negative none interaction promotive oppositional none acceptance, support, rejection, distrust, affordances none trust, liking disliking information exchange, no or misleading activities none mutual influence, communication resource utilization emotional high low none involvement cooperative competitive individualistic Social 13
- 14. Presence Trust 14
- 15. Cohesiveness / Group forming Form Storm Norm Perform Adjourn Belonging 15
- 16. (Tele)proximity Archetypical Social Affordance Devices 16
- 17. Technical 17
- 18. Elegant? 18
- 19. Negotiation process Unshared knowledge External knowledge Externalisation Shared knowledge Internalisation Shared formalism Negotiation Tool 19
- 20. Modern Research (Theory + Hypothesis based) testing design Good Research? Theory Hypothesis + based testing design 20
- 21. How can (distance) learning be optimized by proper usage of technological, educational and social affordances? ▼ ▼ Design (distance) learning Analyze the combination of (environments) and tools for educational, social, and optimising (the perception of) technological affordances for affordances for learning (distance) learning ▼ Design-based research + Hypothesis testing research How? Learner / user What do learners actually do? experience What do learners want to do? Support / How can we support what they do? affordances What affordances are needed? Constraints / What are the physical, logical and conventions cultural limitations encountered? How does the learner perceive the Learner / user support? perceptions How does the learner actually use Learner / user the support? experience What has the learner / learning Learning group actually achieved? 21
- 22. Alone Formal Personalised classroom learning learning arrangements Fixed / Static Personal / Flexible Learning Teleconferencing communities Together Gràcies 22