The respiratory system is made up of several parts that work together to allow humans to breathe. The main parts include the nostrils, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, bronchioles, and lungs. The nostrils warm and filter air before it reaches the throat. The throat contains the epiglottis to prevent food from entering the airway. The larynx contains the vocal cords for speech. The trachea and bronchial tubes branch within the lungs, where gas exchange occurs through the bronchioles and alveoli. The lungs take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide through breathing.

1. Maegan Chen Peralta

2. Main parts in the Respiratory system
Nostrils
Throat
Bronchial tube Larynx
Trachea
Bronchioles
Lungs

3. Main functions of each part in the respiratory
system
Nostril: To filter, warm and moisten the air before it moves on to other parts of the respiratory
tract. The tiny hairs trap the dust particles, bacteria and other foreign bodies that enter the
nose. These hairs also induce sneezing to remove foreign bodies lodged in the nose.
Throat: A station where the food tube and the air tube meet. Food beings swallowed is
prevented from entering the air tube by a thin structure, called epiglottis , that closes the air
tube. This is why you cannot breathe while you are swallowing.
Larynx: Air rushing across two ligaments causes sounds that we shape into speech. Also called
the voice box.
Trachea: The trachea is sometimes called the windpipe. The trachea filters the air we breathe
and branches into the bronchial tube.
Bronchial tube: Two air tubes that branch off of the trachea and carry air directly into the
lungs.
Bronchioles: Bronchioles break off the form the alveoli, which is how the lungs give oxygen
too the blood. Control of airflow resistance and air distribution in the lungs is controlled by the
bronchioles.
Lungs: Your lungs are organs in your chest that allow your body to take in oxygen from the air.
They also help remove carbon dioxide (a waste gas that can be toxic) from your body. The
lungs' intake of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide is called gas exchange. Gas exchange is
part of breathing.

4. Did you know???
• The right lung is slightly larger than the left.
• The highest recorded "sneeze speed" is 165 km per hour.
• The surface area of the lungs is roughly the same size as a tennis court.
• The capillaries in the lungs would extend 1,600 kilometres if placed end to end.
• We lose half a litre of water a day through breathing. This is the water vapour we see when we breathe
onto glass.
• A person at rest usually breathes between 12 and 15 times a minute.
• The breathing rate is faster in children and women than in men.
• Every minute we breathe, we take in 13 pints of air! That is we breathe about 6.15 liters of air every minute.
• We breathe about 9 to 20 times every minute. Through every breath, we breathe in about half a liter of air.
• We inhale and exhale air about 22,000 times per day!
• Human breathing mechanism is called tidal breathing, as air comes out the same way it goes in.
• We exhale about half a litre of water vapour in a day.
• Breathing is initiated by the diaphragm, which is a stretchable muscle under the lungs. When it contracts,
the volume of the chest cavity rises and the air pressure drops. That is what enables the high pressure air
outside, to enter the lungs and makes them expand like balloons.
• When the diaphragm expands, lungs are emptied of air and we exhale it outside.
• When air passes through the nose and into the nasal passage called the windpipe, it gets filtered,
moistened and heated.