SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  5
Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The Central Processing Unit is the ‘brain’ of a computer
system. It executes all program instructions and
commands. It controls data and all devices in a computer
system


   It consists of 3 main parts:
   1. Control unit (CU)
   2.    Arithmetic and Logic unit
        (ALU)
   3.   Registers
Inside the CPU

                                  Address bus
              Memory
              Address
  Other       Register
registers
                                    Data bus
              Memory
                                                          Main
               Data
                                                         Memory
              Register

                            Control Bus (Read / Write)
Arithmetic
Logic Unit   Control Unit
  (ALU)         (CU)


                   Clock pulses


             Electronic
               clock
The Control Unit

The CU sends signals to other parts of the computer. It
manages fetch, decode and execute program
instructions




  It synchronises the whole system by telling devices
  what to do and when to do it
The Arithmetic Logic Unit

   The ALU is the place where data processing
   occurs.
Processing any data in the ALU
involves some arithmetic calculations
such as add, subtract, multiply or
divide. It also involves logical
comparisons like AND, OR




The ALU uses special arithmetic registers
to temporarily store data and results of
calculations
The Registers
The Registers are very fast storage locations inside the processor
itself. There are many registers including :

• memory address register (MAR) –
  holds the address of a location in
  memory
• memory data register (MDR) – holds
  data just read from or written to memory
• program counter (PC) – holds the
  address of the next instruction to be
  fetched
• Instruction register (IR) – holds the
  current instruction being executed
• general purpose registers – can be
  used by programmers

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)
Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)
Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)Faraz Ahmed
 
Components of computer, CPU computer funfament ppt
Components of computer, CPU computer funfament pptComponents of computer, CPU computer funfament ppt
Components of computer, CPU computer funfament pptDeepuVishwakarma
 
Cpu presentation
Cpu presentationCpu presentation
Cpu presentationHarry Singh
 
Presentation on C.P.U
Presentation on C.P.UPresentation on C.P.U
Presentation on C.P.Ufgdgxvbm98
 
CPU and its components
CPU and its componentsCPU and its components
CPU and its componentssamina khan
 
Processors and its Types
Processors and its TypesProcessors and its Types
Processors and its TypesNimrah Shahbaz
 
Computer Hardware Basics
Computer Hardware BasicsComputer Hardware Basics
Computer Hardware BasicsMark Rotondella
 
Motherboard, It's Functions and It's Components
Motherboard, It's Functions and It's ComponentsMotherboard, It's Functions and It's Components
Motherboard, It's Functions and It's ComponentsPreSolutions Softwares
 
Presentation on Computer Processor
Presentation on Computer ProcessorPresentation on Computer Processor
Presentation on Computer ProcessorMoizAlSamad
 
Components Of Computer unit-2
Components Of Computer  unit-2Components Of Computer  unit-2
Components Of Computer unit-2Amit Chandra
 
CPU (Central processing unit)
CPU (Central processing unit) CPU (Central processing unit)
CPU (Central processing unit) Razu Rahman
 

Tendances (20)

Cpu
CpuCpu
Cpu
 
Computer hardware
Computer hardwareComputer hardware
Computer hardware
 
computer hardware
computer hardwarecomputer hardware
computer hardware
 
Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)
Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)
Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)
 
Components of computer, CPU computer funfament ppt
Components of computer, CPU computer funfament pptComponents of computer, CPU computer funfament ppt
Components of computer, CPU computer funfament ppt
 
Cpu presentation
Cpu presentationCpu presentation
Cpu presentation
 
Slides of cpu
Slides of cpuSlides of cpu
Slides of cpu
 
Presentation on C.P.U
Presentation on C.P.UPresentation on C.P.U
Presentation on C.P.U
 
Control unit
Control  unitControl  unit
Control unit
 
CPU and its components
CPU and its componentsCPU and its components
CPU and its components
 
Processors and its Types
Processors and its TypesProcessors and its Types
Processors and its Types
 
Computer Memory
Computer MemoryComputer Memory
Computer Memory
 
Computer Memory
Computer MemoryComputer Memory
Computer Memory
 
Computer Hardware Basics
Computer Hardware BasicsComputer Hardware Basics
Computer Hardware Basics
 
Computer memory
Computer memoryComputer memory
Computer memory
 
Motherboard, It's Functions and It's Components
Motherboard, It's Functions and It's ComponentsMotherboard, It's Functions and It's Components
Motherboard, It's Functions and It's Components
 
Computer hardware
Computer hardwareComputer hardware
Computer hardware
 
Presentation on Computer Processor
Presentation on Computer ProcessorPresentation on Computer Processor
Presentation on Computer Processor
 
Components Of Computer unit-2
Components Of Computer  unit-2Components Of Computer  unit-2
Components Of Computer unit-2
 
CPU (Central processing unit)
CPU (Central processing unit) CPU (Central processing unit)
CPU (Central processing unit)
 

En vedette

Cpu and its functions
Cpu and its functionsCpu and its functions
Cpu and its functionsmyrajendra
 
Central processing unit
Central processing unitCentral processing unit
Central processing unitmariolinov
 
Central processing unit
Central processing unitCentral processing unit
Central processing unitKamal Acharya
 
Computer Architecture – An Introduction
Computer Architecture – An IntroductionComputer Architecture – An Introduction
Computer Architecture – An IntroductionDilum Bandara
 
ARQUITECTURA DEL CPU
ARQUITECTURA DEL CPUARQUITECTURA DEL CPU
ARQUITECTURA DEL CPUPatty Vm
 
Analog to Digital Converters
Analog to Digital ConvertersAnalog to Digital Converters
Analog to Digital ConvertersAmitabh Shukla
 
Computer Component Presentation
Computer Component PresentationComputer Component Presentation
Computer Component PresentationTimothy Bryant
 
8051 micro controllers Instruction set
8051 micro controllers Instruction set 8051 micro controllers Instruction set
8051 micro controllers Instruction set Nitin Ahire
 
MC – Aula 04 – Unidade central de processamento e Memória
MC – Aula 04 – Unidade central de processamento e MemóriaMC – Aula 04 – Unidade central de processamento e Memória
MC – Aula 04 – Unidade central de processamento e MemóriaFelipe J. R. Vieira
 
Modem technology
Modem technologyModem technology
Modem technologyDhruv Patel
 
Interfacing technique with 8085- ADC[0808]
Interfacing technique with 8085- ADC[0808]Interfacing technique with 8085- ADC[0808]
Interfacing technique with 8085- ADC[0808]Guhan k
 
Register Organization and Instruction cycle
Register Organization and Instruction cycleRegister Organization and Instruction cycle
Register Organization and Instruction cycleMuhammad Ameer Mohavia
 
Processadores / CPU (Unidade central de processamento) - Atualizado 2014
Processadores / CPU (Unidade central de processamento) - Atualizado 2014Processadores / CPU (Unidade central de processamento) - Atualizado 2014
Processadores / CPU (Unidade central de processamento) - Atualizado 2014Evandro Júnior
 

En vedette (20)

Cpu
CpuCpu
Cpu
 
CPU
CPUCPU
CPU
 
Cpu and its functions
Cpu and its functionsCpu and its functions
Cpu and its functions
 
Central processing unit
Central processing unitCentral processing unit
Central processing unit
 
CPU
CPUCPU
CPU
 
Central processing unit
Central processing unitCentral processing unit
Central processing unit
 
Processor powerpoint 2
Processor powerpoint 2Processor powerpoint 2
Processor powerpoint 2
 
Motherboard
MotherboardMotherboard
Motherboard
 
Computer Architecture – An Introduction
Computer Architecture – An IntroductionComputer Architecture – An Introduction
Computer Architecture – An Introduction
 
ARQUITECTURA DEL CPU
ARQUITECTURA DEL CPUARQUITECTURA DEL CPU
ARQUITECTURA DEL CPU
 
Nota CPU
Nota CPUNota CPU
Nota CPU
 
Analog to Digital Converters
Analog to Digital ConvertersAnalog to Digital Converters
Analog to Digital Converters
 
Mother Board
Mother BoardMother Board
Mother Board
 
Computer Component Presentation
Computer Component PresentationComputer Component Presentation
Computer Component Presentation
 
8051 micro controllers Instruction set
8051 micro controllers Instruction set 8051 micro controllers Instruction set
8051 micro controllers Instruction set
 
MC – Aula 04 – Unidade central de processamento e Memória
MC – Aula 04 – Unidade central de processamento e MemóriaMC – Aula 04 – Unidade central de processamento e Memória
MC – Aula 04 – Unidade central de processamento e Memória
 
Modem technology
Modem technologyModem technology
Modem technology
 
Interfacing technique with 8085- ADC[0808]
Interfacing technique with 8085- ADC[0808]Interfacing technique with 8085- ADC[0808]
Interfacing technique with 8085- ADC[0808]
 
Register Organization and Instruction cycle
Register Organization and Instruction cycleRegister Organization and Instruction cycle
Register Organization and Instruction cycle
 
Processadores / CPU (Unidade central de processamento) - Atualizado 2014
Processadores / CPU (Unidade central de processamento) - Atualizado 2014Processadores / CPU (Unidade central de processamento) - Atualizado 2014
Processadores / CPU (Unidade central de processamento) - Atualizado 2014
 

Similaire à CPU

Components of-computer-2-1226486763942707-9
Components of-computer-2-1226486763942707-9Components of-computer-2-1226486763942707-9
Components of-computer-2-1226486763942707-9virendra kumar
 
Components of computer hardware
Components of computer hardwareComponents of computer hardware
Components of computer hardwareA. S. M. Shafi
 
(2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig. d.docx
 (2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig. d.docx (2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig. d.docx
(2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig. d.docxajoy21
 
(2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig- de.docx
(2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig- de.docx(2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig- de.docx
(2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig- de.docxdorisc7
 
PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER
PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERPROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER
PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERarunkumar6836
 
Pdf for a computer presentation ppt presentation..
Pdf for a computer presentation ppt presentation..Pdf for a computer presentation ppt presentation..
Pdf for a computer presentation ppt presentation..ikeditor345
 
Central processing Unit.pptx
Central processing Unit.pptxCentral processing Unit.pptx
Central processing Unit.pptxabdullahi26027
 
COMPUTER_ORGANIZATION.ppttwhehteeeteehte
COMPUTER_ORGANIZATION.ppttwhehteeeteehteCOMPUTER_ORGANIZATION.ppttwhehteeeteehte
COMPUTER_ORGANIZATION.ppttwhehteeeteehteNishaTariq1
 
How The CPU Works.ppt
How The CPU Works.pptHow The CPU Works.ppt
How The CPU Works.pptAliJan481777
 
Intermediate machine architecture
Intermediate machine architectureIntermediate machine architecture
Intermediate machine architectureJohn Cutajar
 

Similaire à CPU (20)

Components of-computer-2-1226486763942707-9
Components of-computer-2-1226486763942707-9Components of-computer-2-1226486763942707-9
Components of-computer-2-1226486763942707-9
 
CPU
CPUCPU
CPU
 
CPU.pptx
CPU.pptxCPU.pptx
CPU.pptx
 
Memory Unit PPT
Memory Unit PPTMemory Unit PPT
Memory Unit PPT
 
IT workshop (CPU).pptx
IT workshop (CPU).pptxIT workshop (CPU).pptx
IT workshop (CPU).pptx
 
Components of computer hardware
Components of computer hardwareComponents of computer hardware
Components of computer hardware
 
(2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig. d.docx
 (2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig. d.docx (2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig. d.docx
(2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig. d.docx
 
(2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig- de.docx
(2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig- de.docx(2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig- de.docx
(2) The CPU incorporates several major components (as shown in Fig- de.docx
 
Re complete
Re completeRe complete
Re complete
 
cpu-200816132241.pdf
cpu-200816132241.pdfcpu-200816132241.pdf
cpu-200816132241.pdf
 
PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER
PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERPROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER
PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER
 
Computer and cpu
Computer and cpuComputer and cpu
Computer and cpu
 
Pdf for a computer presentation ppt presentation..
Pdf for a computer presentation ppt presentation..Pdf for a computer presentation ppt presentation..
Pdf for a computer presentation ppt presentation..
 
Central processing Unit.pptx
Central processing Unit.pptxCentral processing Unit.pptx
Central processing Unit.pptx
 
Cpu
CpuCpu
Cpu
 
COMPUTER_ORGANIZATION.ppttwhehteeeteehte
COMPUTER_ORGANIZATION.ppttwhehteeeteehteCOMPUTER_ORGANIZATION.ppttwhehteeeteehte
COMPUTER_ORGANIZATION.ppttwhehteeeteehte
 
How The CPU Works.ppt
How The CPU Works.pptHow The CPU Works.ppt
How The CPU Works.ppt
 
Microcontroller part 1
Microcontroller part 1Microcontroller part 1
Microcontroller part 1
 
Microprocessor
MicroprocessorMicroprocessor
Microprocessor
 
Intermediate machine architecture
Intermediate machine architectureIntermediate machine architecture
Intermediate machine architecture
 

CPU

  • 1. Central Processing Unit (CPU) The Central Processing Unit is the ‘brain’ of a computer system. It executes all program instructions and commands. It controls data and all devices in a computer system It consists of 3 main parts: 1. Control unit (CU) 2. Arithmetic and Logic unit (ALU) 3. Registers
  • 2. Inside the CPU Address bus Memory Address Other Register registers Data bus Memory Main Data Memory Register Control Bus (Read / Write) Arithmetic Logic Unit Control Unit (ALU) (CU) Clock pulses Electronic clock
  • 3. The Control Unit The CU sends signals to other parts of the computer. It manages fetch, decode and execute program instructions It synchronises the whole system by telling devices what to do and when to do it
  • 4. The Arithmetic Logic Unit The ALU is the place where data processing occurs. Processing any data in the ALU involves some arithmetic calculations such as add, subtract, multiply or divide. It also involves logical comparisons like AND, OR The ALU uses special arithmetic registers to temporarily store data and results of calculations
  • 5. The Registers The Registers are very fast storage locations inside the processor itself. There are many registers including : • memory address register (MAR) – holds the address of a location in memory • memory data register (MDR) – holds data just read from or written to memory • program counter (PC) – holds the address of the next instruction to be fetched • Instruction register (IR) – holds the current instruction being executed • general purpose registers – can be used by programmers