Marshall could buy 15 potatoes for $3.00 based on buying 8 potatoes for $1.60. To solve what percent 40% of 20 is, write 40/100 as the percent and 20 as the number being taken a percent of, then multiply diagonally to get 8. The document reflects on proportions word problems, finding percent problems without clear "is" or "of" hardest, but solving proportions easiest since it was learned in elementary school.