Developing and applying the CARARE metadata schema for 3D documentation, presented by Andrea D’Andrea, Università degli Studi di Napoli L’Orientale, Italy during the 3D ICONS workshop at Digital Heritage 2013.

1. Developing and applying the
CARARE metadata schema
for 3D documentation
Andrea D’Andrea, Università di Napoli “L'Orientale”
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

2. Metadata and 3D content
Scientific data cannot be used correctly
without information about what it
means, how it was created and in which
conditions
Relevant to 3D given the range of
– Instruments, methods and techniques
– used in both data capture and data
processing, and
– the different motivations and
rationales for 3D reconstructions
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013
Pompeii, Italy

3. Benefits of Metadata
Metadata can store information about the life cycle of a
3D object
– Field: keeps track of instrument settings, the condition of
the physical object being scanned and the objectives of
the project
– Lab: keeps track of post processing of the data and
provides a record of how evidence has been interpreted
– Access: supports discovery and use of the objects for
education, tourism, research
– Preservation: supports long term preservation and allows
for re-use of the data
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

4. Metadata: some context
Pisa
The London Charter
– Established principles for computer
visualisation
CIDOC CRMdig
– allows a simple and clear description
of the processes carried out to digitize
and render a 3D model (3D COFORM)
CARARE
– A harvesting schema for the
archaeological and architectural
heritage supporting delivery of
content to Europeana
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

5. Provenance
In 3D digitisation of cultural heritage objects
provenance covers the technical processes whether this
is:
– Equipment chosen and the instrument settings
– Light sources
– Any obstacles to digitisation or sources of
noise/reflections
– Software choices and settings
– Techniques chosen for meshing, textures, decimation,
simplification, alignment etc.
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

6. Paradata
Provides information about the human processes of
understanding and interpreting:
– The evidence used to interpret an object and to create
a reconstruction
– The methodology used in a research project
Paradata enables
– Alternative interpretations or hypothesis to be
presented and linked to the supporting factual
evidence
The principles are set out in the London Charter
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

7. 3D ICONS approach
3D-ICONS needed to establish a metadata schema
to:
– support the provenance and paradata required
for quality assurance of 3D models,
– take on board the recommendations in CIDOC
CRMdig; and to
– Support delivery of metadata to Europeana
data model
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

8. CARARE Metadata Schema
Conceptually the
CARARE record is
focussed on a heritage
asset and its relations
to digital resources,
activities and to
collection information
Heritage asset
4 themes
Activities
Digital
resources
Collection
http://www.carare.eu/eng/Resources/CARARE-Documentation

9. The link to Digital Resource
• The Heritage Asset provides the description of the object itself
• The Digital Resource provides the link to the resource online
• You create a link between them by using the relation
HasRepresentation
has Representation
Heritage Asset
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013
Digital Resource

10. The link to Digital Resource
• One heritage asset can be related to another for example
• A 3D reconstruction (HA) isReplicaOf the physical remains (HA)
• One heritage asset can be related to another version of the same object
• A photorealistic 3D model (HA) DC:Relation to a 3D reconstruction (HA)
• One heritage asset can be related to an activity
• A 3D model (HA) WasDigitisedBy a Digitisation project (Act)
• An activity can be related to a digital resource
• A Digitisation project (ACT) HasCreated a 3D object(DR)
• One heritage asset can be related to many digital resources

11. CARARE and EDM
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

12. Europeana Data Model
Provides an open cross-domain framework that
accommodates community standards
Is a semantic web approach that enables Linked
Open Data
EDM example

13. EDM
•
•
•
Distinguishes “provided objects” - painting, book,
movie, etc. (edm:providedCHO) from
digital representations of the object found online
(edm:webResource) and
Groups these together to represent a logical whole
(ore:Aggregation)
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

14. Provided Cultural Heritage Object
(CHO) and descriptive metadata
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

15. Web Resources – digital
representations
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

16. Aggregations – Bundling it all together
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

17. Contextual Resources – e.g.,
Places
CARARE’s geospatial
enrichment represented with
EDM contextual resource
class

18. Mapping CARARE data to EDM
A CARARE object becomes one or several EDM
Provided Cultural Heritage Objects with:
 Related web resources
 Aggregations
 Contextual information about place
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

19. CARARE 2.0
Provides an update to the CARARE schema
– Adds properties and elements to ensure compliance with 3D
ICONS requirements
Extends the activities theme
– Allows for different types of events (such as data acquisition,
post processing)
– Adds an element to capture event methods
– Allows for the general and specific purposes of events to be
distinguished
– Allows for methods and techniques to be distinguished better
– Adds relations between events to conform with CRMdig
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

20. CARARE 2.0 continued
Redefines the scope of the heritage asset class to include a wider
range of cultural objects:
– The class was limited to monuments, buildings, landscapes,
archaeological objects, ecofacts and shipwrecks
– The scope now includes information sources such as books,
journal articles, maps, plans, drawings, photographs, movies
and other born digital cultural objects such as 3D models
– General type element added to distinguish real world
monuments from other cultural objects
The digital resources theme was simplified to remove duplication
This simplifies the mapping to EDM
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

21. Edm: ProvidedCHO
Heritage
Asset
Ore:Aggregation
Edm:Was_Present_At
CRMdig:L1B.was_digitized_by
Edm: Event
Acquisition Process
Dc:Description (free text)
Dc:Description (free text)
Calibration
Edm: Event
Edm:HasLandingPage
Dc:Description (free text)
Edm:Was_Present_At
CRMdig:L20F.has created
Edm:HasView
Edm: Event
Edm:Information Resource
File Calibration
Digitization Process
Dc:Description (free text)
Edm: WebResources
Digital
Resource
Edm: WebResources
3DModel
Thumbnail given to Europeana
Workshop on Metadata – Xanthi 27-28 June 2013
Edm: Event
Edm:Was_Present_At
CRMdig:L20F.has created
Edm:Information Resource
Documentation
File Documentation
21

22. Heritage
Asset
Edm: ProvidedCHO
Ore:Aggregation
Edm:Was_Present_At
CRMdig:L1B.was_digitized_by
Edm: Event
Acquisition Process
Dc:Description (free text)
Software Execution
Edm:Was_Present_At
CRMdig:L20F.has created
Edm:HasLandingPage
Dc:Description (free text)
Edm:Was_Present_At
Edm:Information Resource
Edm: Event
Edm:HasView
Edm:Information Resource
Formal Derivation
Dc:Description (free text)
Edm: Event
Edm: WebResources
Digital
Resource
Thumbnail given to Europeana
Edm: WebResources
3DModel
Workshop on Metadata – Xanthi 27-28 June 2013
22

23. CARARE 2.0 implementation
http://3dicons-project.eu/eng/Media/Files/D6.1-Report-onMetadata-Thesauri
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

24. Conclusions






Recording good quality metadata is important!
Its beneficial for field researchers, visualisation
professionals and general users
Paradata and provenance are important for use and reuse of 3D models
3D ICONS has built on existing principles and schemas to
establish the CARARE 2.0 for 3D documentation and to
supply data to Europeana
CARARE and 3D ICONS are helping confirm the relevance
of richer data models for Europeana
Human supervision remains crucial for quality assurance!
Digital Heritage 2013, Marseilles, 28 October 2013

25. Any questions?
Andrea D'Andrea dandrea@unior.it
This project has been funded with support from the European Commission‘s CIP ICT PSP programme