1. Seminar 4 Group 5
Chew Chin Lynn
Huang Qinyue
Loh Wei Shan
Bevan Ng
Ong Yi Zhen
AB0401
CO2 Australia
Calculating NTU’s Carbon
Footprint
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2. Calculating NTU’s Carbon Footprint
• Scope 1: Emissions from using company
owned assets
• Scope 2: Purchased heat and electricity
• Scope 3: Results of company's activities
2

3. Calculating NTU’s Carbon Footprint
SCOPE
SOURCE
SCOPE 1 Campus buses
(Intra Campus)
Campus made
electricity
SCOPE 2 Purchased Heat
Purchase
Electricity
ACTIVITY DATA
(KG/KM/LITRES)
TOTAL EMISSIONS
(activity data* CO2/unit)
25,000 persons
3km per week per person
0.3kg CO2 per person per km
25,000 * 52 * 3 * 0.3
= 1,170,000
-
-
113778000 kBtu
0.9888314 kg CO2 per kBtu *
113778000
= 112,507,259
170667000 kBtu
0.9888314 kg CO2 per kBtu *
170667000
= 168,760,888
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4. Calculating NTU’s Carbon Footprint
SCOPE
SOURCE
ACTIVITY DATA
(KG/KM/LITRES)
TOTAL EMISSIONS
(activity data* CO2/unit)
SCOPE 3
Students
Commuting
33,200 persons
80km per week per
person
0.3kg CO2 per person per km
33,200 * 52 * 80 * 0.3
= 41,433,600
Staff
Commuting
6,612 persons
80km per week per
person
0.3kg CO2 per person per km
6,612 * 52 * 80 * 0.3 = 8,251,776
Paper Usage
40,000 persons
1kg per year per person
9kg CO2 per kg
40,000 * 9 = 360,000
On-campus
Greenery
5,000 trees
22kg per tree per year
5,000 * 22 = 110,000
Offset
from
Greenery
(Trees)
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5. Calculating NTU’s Carbon Footprint
SCOPE
SOURCE
ACTIVITY DATA
(KG/KM/LITRES)
NTU Total -
-
Per
Student
TOTAL EMISSIONS
(activity data* CO2/unit)
33,200 persons
-
Per
Employee
6,612 persons
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6. STAKEHOLDERS’ ANALYSIS
STAKEHOLDERS INTERESTS
NTU • Maintain a good reputation
• “Creating excellent facilities, green university environment,
conducive for life long learning, creativity and
entrepreneurship” (Mission of Office of Development &
Facilities Management)
Government • A working model of neutral carbon emissions for possible
implementation to other places
Students • Good education provided by professors
• A good and conducive environment to study in
Employees • Good pay
• A conducive workplace
Research Partners of NTU • Develop green technologies to build a name for themselves
• Profits
Environmentalists/ NGOs • A more environmentally sustainable society
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7. Alternatives
1. Transforming a significant proportion of
our course delivery from classroom to an
online format (i.e. more e-Learning)
2. Buying an equivalent amount of carbon
offset credits from CO2 Limited Group
3. Other viable alternatives leading to a
carbon-neutral future
7

8. Alternative #1
Increased Proportion of Online
Learning in Coursework
Advantages:
• Reduced carbon footprint by:
–
–
–
–
Reducing utilities consumption
Reducing the need for students to commute to school
Reducing the need for transport within campus
Reducing the need for printing of notes and purchasing of
textbooks (which can possibly be in electronic form)
• Overall increased cost effectiveness
• More interesting approach as compared to having old
school large-scale lectures for the entire cohort
• Students will be able to understand lecture content
better as they can view recorded lectures at their own
pace
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9. Alternative #1
Increased Proportion of Online
Learning in Coursework
Disadvantages:
• Large changes to the curriculum which may result
in dissatisfaction of stakeholders such as staff and
students
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10. Impact on Stakeholders
Students of NTU
• Increased convenience
• Decreased commuting
costs
• Less condusive
environment for some
students as due to less
face-to-face interaction
Partners of NTU
• Increased profits
by providing
more expertise
with regards to
an online
learning platform
Nanyang Technological
University
• Cost savings in terms of
decreased campus
transport provided, and
lower utility
expenditure
• Better reputation
Non Government
Organizations
Staff of NTU
• Necessary to
adapt to a more
technology
intensive working
environment
Government
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11. Alternative #2
Buying an equivalent amount of carbon
offset credits from CO2 Limited Group
Advantages:
• Can be implemented immediately to reduce the
carbon footprint without significant changes in
the operations of NTU
• Assigns a cost in monetary terms to personal
emissions (increases ease of developing future
projects to reduce carbon footprint)
Disadvantages:
• Unlikely to reduce overall green house gas
emissions sufficiently in the long run
• Does not encourage NTU to truly reduce its
carbon footprint by implementing more
environmentally sustainable measures (involves
only purchasing a certificate)
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12. Impact on Stakeholders
Students & Staff of NTU
• Not subjected to any
changes as the operations
of NTU will not differ from
present
Nanyang Technological
University
• Increased costs in terms
Partners of NTU
of carbon credits
• CO2 Australia can
purchased
increase the awareness of
• Better reputation due to
carbon credit in
emphasis on
Singapore
environmental
sustainability
Government
• Reduced carbon footprint
of Singapore
• Promote environmentally
sustainable practices
Non Government Organizations
• Reduced carbon footprint of
Singapore
• Increased emphasis on
environmental conservation
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13. Other Viable Alternatives
1. Installation of Solar Panels in NTU
2. Partnerships with recycling companies/other
research institutions
3. Hydrogen cell campus buses
4. Pre-set and fixed the air-conditioning to 2425°C, without allowing it to be changed.
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14. Other Alternatives #1
Installation of Solar Panels in NTU
Advantages:
• Renewable/ infinite source of energy
• Pollution-free
Disadvantages:
• Costly to implement
• Requires a large area to capture the
sun’s energy effectively  might not
be efficient until further
improvements in solar energy is
discovered.
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15. Impact on Stakeholders
Students & Staff of NTU
• Not much impact
•
•
•
Partners of NTU
• Increased awareness
and interest in the
benefits of solar panels
Nanyang Technological
University
Increase short term cost
Reduces future cost in
terms of electricity savings
Better reputation for more
emphasis on
environmental
sustainability
Government/ NGOs
• Reduce carbon footprint.
• Promote use of clean
energy in Singapore
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16. Other Alternatives #2
Partnerships with recycling companies/other
research institutions
Advantages:
• Increase awareness of 3Rs.
• Develop more green technologies that can replace
existing environmentally unfriendly technologies
Disadvantages:
• Time required to develop a successful green
technology
• Time required for people to change their mindset
and accept new technology/habits of exercising the
3R
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17. Impact on Stakeholders
Students & Staff of NTU
• Must adopt new practices to
reduce, reuse and recycle
• Must adapt to new
technology if brought into
NTU
•
Partners of NTU
• Increased profits by
working with NTU to
implement feasible 3R
measures
• May reach out to other
universities through
NTU
•
Nanyang Technological
University
Increased costs due to new
partnerships with external
companies to implement
measures
Better reputation for more
emphasis on
Government/ NGOs
environmental
sustainability
• Reduce carbon footprint.
• Promote the importance of
reducing, reusing and
recycling in Singapore
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18. Other Alternative #3
Hydrogen cell campus buses
Advantages:
• ZERO carbon emissions
Disadvantages:
• Initial cost to revamp
the current campus
buses will be costly
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19. Impact on Stakeholders
Students & Staff of NTU
• Not subjected to significant
changes
•
•
•
Partners of NTU
• Increased awareness
hydrogen cell buses
Nanyang Technological
University
Increase costs as hydrogen
cell buses are more
expensive
Potential savings due to
reduced fuel consumption
Better reputation for kick
starting the use of greener
transport within campus
Government/ NGOs
• Reduce carbon footprint
• Opportunity to promote
cleaner transport in
Singapore
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20. Executive Summary
In view of the above 3 alternatives, Conducting E-Learning, Buying Carbon
Offset Credits, and other alternatives which would help us work towards
our long-term carbon-neutral target, we should consider conducting more
E-learning lessons.
This is because the greatest source of carbon emissions which we have
computed is the Purchased Electricity( carbon emissions of
168,760,888). Hence, with more For E-Learning lessons conducted, NTU
would be able to lower its carbon emissions greatly through the reduced
usage of lecture rooms and air-conditioned tutorial rooms.
In the long run, NTU also can consider the other proposed alternatives
including the use of cleaner energy, partnerships with other companies as
well as the use of hydrogen cell buses to reduce carbon emissions.
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