Global warming /Climate Change

Global Warming
AB RAJAR
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
Email:drabrajar@gmail.com

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
I. Introduction
II. Synonyms
III. Definition
IV. Causes Of Global Warming
V. How does the greenhouse work in hilly areas.
VI. Mechanism of Greenhouse effect in
VII. Effects of global warming /climate change

INTRODUCTION
• Over the last 50 years, human activities – particularly the burning of
fossil fuels – have released sufficient quantities of carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases to trap additional heat in the lower
atmosphere and affect the global climate.
• Glaciers are melting, sea levels are rising, cloud forests are dying, and
wildlife is scrambling to keep pace.
• Climate change encompasses not only rising average temperatures
but also extreme weather events,deforestration,floods, dry soil etc

SYNONYMS
• Scientists use term “CLIMATE CHANGE” when
describing the complex shifts now affecting our planet’s
weather and climate systems.

DEFINITION
 Global warming is the ongoing rise of the average
temperature of the Earth's climate system.
 It is also called enhanced effect of green house effect.
 Most of the observed temperature increase is caused by
increased concentration of greenhouse gases

Causes Of Global Warming
• Emission of green house gases like carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous
oxide etc into the atmosphere.
• Green house gases and their annual rise:
Green House Gas Annual Rise
CO2 0.4% (Max effect )
CH4 1%
CO 0.2%
CFCs 10%
NO2 0.25%
Methyl chloroform 0.7%

How does the greenhouse work?
• A greenhouse is a building with glass walls and a glass roof.
Greenhouses are used to grow plants, such as tomatoes and tropical
flowers.
• A greenhouse stays warm inside, even during the winter.
• In the daytime, sunlight shines into the greenhouse and warms the
plants and air inside.
• At nighttime, it's colder outside, but the greenhouse stays pretty
warm inside. That's because the glass walls of the greenhouse trap
the Sun's heat.

How does the greenhouse work?

Glass walls of a greenhouse

Mechanism of Greenhouse effect
• The greenhouse effect works much the same way on Earth.
o Sunlight shines onto the Earth's surface, where the energy is
absorbed and then radiate back into the atmosphere as heat.
o In the atmosphere, greenhouse gas molecules trap some of the heat,
and the rest escapes into space.
o The more greenhouse gases concentrate in the atmosphere, the
more heat gets locked up in the molecules.
o These gases let in light but keep heat from escaping, like the glass
walls of a greenhouse, hence the name.

Effects of global warming

Effects of global warming /climate change
1. Health
2. Social Environment determinants
3. Predicted Mortalities
4. Water resources
5. Natural disasters and variable rainfall patterns
6. Coastal resources
7. Impacts on Agriculture and Food Supply
8. Forest

Effects on Health
A. INDIRECT EFFECTS:
B. DIRECT EFFECTS:
• Directly causes loss of life, sunstroke, heat exhaustion.
• Heart patient are at more risk
• ↑O3 at ground level, damages the lung tissues, leads to raise the
asthma cases.
• Healthy persons complain of chest pain, nausea and pulmonary
congestion.
• Increased risk of infectious diseases.

Social Environmental Determinants
• INDIRECT EFFECTS ON HEALTH:
• Climate change affects the social and environmental determinants of
health like: Clean air, Safe drinking water, Sufficient food and secure
shelter.
Clean Air Safe drinking water Sufficient Food Secure Shelter

Predicted Mortalities
• Between 2030 and 2050, climate change is expected to cause
approximately 250 000 additional deaths per year, from:
• Malnutrition Malaria Diarrhea Heat stress.

Measuring The Health Effects
• Global warming is expected to cause approximately 250 000
additional deaths per year between 2030 and 2050;
• 38 000 due to heat exposure in elderly people,
• 48 000 due to diarrhea,
• 60 000 due to malaria, and
• 95 000 due to childhood under nutrition.

Effects On Water Resources
• Dry soil,
• Lakes level will deep.
• Poor water quality
• Overall decrease water quantity.

Natural Disasters And Variable Rainfall Patterns
• Globally, the number of reported weather-related natural disasters has
more than tripled since the 1960s.
• > 60 000 deaths/year, mainly in developing countries.
• Variable rainfall patterns results in, lack of safe water, risk of diarrheal
disease, which kills over 500 000 children aged under 5/year.
• Floods and extreme precipitation are ↑↑ in frequency and intensity,
contaminate freshwater, ↑↑ risk of water-borne diseases, disease-
carrying insects.
• ↓↓ staple foods in poorest regions ---> ↑ prevalence of malnutrition and
under nutrition, which currently cause 3.1 million deaths every year.

Effects On Sea /Coastal Resources
• Average sea levels have swelled over 8 inches (about 23 cm) since 1880,
Every year, the sea rises another .13 inches (3.2 mm).
• CONSEQUENCES:
• Destructive erosion, wetland flooding, aquifer and agricultural soil
contamination with salt, and lost habitat for fish, birds, and plants.
• Dangerous hurricanes and typhoons and Powerful storm surges,

Impacts on Agriculture and Food Supply
Agriculture: severe warming, floods, and drought may reduce yields.
Livestock at risk, directly from heat stress and indirectly from
reduced quality of their food supply.
Fisheries will be affected by changes in water temperature

Forest
• Forest:
• Increased temperature leads to deforestation and decreased wild life.

• “The violence that exists in the Human heart is also
manifestation in the symptoms of illness that we see in
the Earth, the Water, the Air, & in Living things.”
• POPE FRANCIS
Thanks You
Stay safe please

Global warming /Climate Change

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