Watershed Management in India & Andhra Pradesh: A snapshot

1. Presenter Dr Kota Tirupataiah
Director General of the Water and Land Management Training &
Research Institute (WALAMTARI), Hyderabad, India.
Topic “Watershed Management in India & Andhra Pradesh: A snapshot”
Date 12.30pm, Tuesday 3 July 2012
Venue Conference Room, ACIAR House, Canberra
Acknowledgements Tirupataiah K (2012) Watershed Management in India and Andhra
Pradesh (India), ACIAR Seminar Series presentation,
3 July 2012, Canberra, Australia.

2. “Watershed Management in India &AP:
A snap shot”
Dr.Kota Tirupataiah,IFS
Director General WALAMTARI
Kota_86@rediffmail.com : dg.walamtari@gmail.com
www.apwalamtari.org
3rd July 2012

3. Evolution of Watershed Approaches

4. Watershed Development Programmes
Drought Prone Areas Programme(DPAP)
Desert Development Programme(DDP)
Integrated Waste Lands Development
Programme(IWDP)
From 2008, all the above programmes are
merged in to Integrate Watershed Management
Programme (IWMP)
Centrally Sponsored Programmes- 75:25

5. Myths in Watershed Projects
Watersheds are in the grip of land lords-
Committees headed by influential
Watershed funds are for landed people only-
cannot spend on non-land based initiatives
Watersheds are for men only- Women do not own
land and hence no role
Watershed fund is mainly for construction works-
COW-
After watershed project period no activity goes
on- Make hay while the sun shines

6. Sustainable Livelihoods Five Capitals
Social
Human Physical
Natural Economic

7. Initiatives piloted in AP under APRLP

8. Innovative Approaches in NRM
Watershed Plus Approach
Watersheds as a platform for livelihoods
Cost effective structures
Provision for landless families
Net Planning to benefit ridge areas
Institutionalizing Capacity Building

9. Change in the approach to NRM
Implementation through VOs of Women SHGs.
Focus on the lands of poor.
Preparation of action plans by User Groups /
Village Organizations (VO).
Participatory net planning.
Probation phase for watersheds.
Cost effective structures.
Management of Common Property Resources by
the poor with usufruct rights.

10. SELECTION PARAMETERS FOR A WATERSHED
Range Mark Weightage
1. No. of small and marginal < 25% 5
farmers > 25 & <50% 10
> 50% 15 15
2. % of SC/ST holding out of <10% 3
total > 10 & <25% 5
> 25% 10 10
3. % of women organized in < 20% 3
SHGs in the habitation and > 20% & <50% 5
participating in programm > 50% 10 10
4. Status of ground water < 10 mts 2
> 10 & <15 3
mts.
> 15 mts 5 5
5. APSRAC VL 6
L 12
M 18
H 24
VH 30 30
contd..

11. contd..
6. Live stock <1000 2
(Nos.)
> 1000 & 3
< 2000
>2000 5 5
7. No. of families < 50 3
affected/involved in migration >50 & < 100 5
and landless people involved >100 10 10
in wage employment
8. Contiguity and macro
watershed for saturation Yes 5
No 0 5
9. Availability of <10% 3
fallow/waste/CPR for the poor >10% & 5
to utilize usufruct and <20%
willingness of community to >20% 10 10
permit usufruct to landless
TOTAL 100

12. Zilla Samakhaya
A.P Federation Model ZS
• E.C - 2 from each V.O, 5 Office bearers
200,000
• Support to VOs 400,000
• Secure linkage with Govt.Depts.
fin institutions, markets
• Auditing of the groups
• Micro Finance functions
MMS
4000 Mandal
• E.C - 2 from each S.H.G, 5 Office bearers Samakhaya
• Strengthening of SHGs 6000 -
• Arrange line of credit to the SHGs
• Social action
• Village development
• Marketing and food security V.O Village Organization
• Support activists – 3 -5 1 50 -
200
• Thrift and credit activities
• Monitoring group performance
• Micro Credit Planning S HGs S HGs S HGs S HGs S HGs S HGs
• Household inv plans
10 - 15 SELF HELP GROUPS

13. Fund Flow Arrangements
Fund Release
DWMA GP
Release
funds
PE EP
Prepare Prepare
plans
plans
VO
SHG UG

14. Livelihood Approach in Watersheds
Works 85% 25.50 lakhs
Administrative Cost 10% 3.00 lakhs
Capacity Building & CO 5% 1.50 lakhs
Total 30.00 lakhs
NRM 60% 18.00 lakhs
Productivity Enhancement 15% 4.50 lakhs
Enterprise Promotion 10% 3.00 lakhs
Total 25.50 lakhs

15. IWMP-Component break up
Administr Monitoring Evaluation Total
ation
10 01 01 12%
Preparatory Entry Institution& DPR
stage point Capacity Preparation (10%)
activity Development (01%)
(05%)
(04%)
Works Livelihoods for PE&EP 73%
Works Phase (50%) assetless (13%)
(10%)
Consolidation 05%
Phase

16. Productivity Enhancement
Components in APRLP
 Soil Fertility Management
 Micro Nutrient Management
 Seed Production/ Seed Banks
 Para workers in Agriculture and
Livestock
 Integrated Pest Management
 Door step Health services and
artificial insemination in Livestock
 Fodder Development
 Integrated Livestock Development
Centers

17. DISTRIBUTION OF SEED BY VO

18. ILDC-Integrated Livestock Development Centers

19. Fodder cultivation in watersheds

20. Traditional Livelihoods

21. Value Addition at Source

22. WATERSHED CAN BE DEFINED AS A HYDROLOGICAL UNIT OF
AREA WHERE THE RAINWATER IS DRAINED TO A COMMON
POINT.
Topo sheet
Size
Watershed Atlas

23. National Rain fed Areas Authority
NRAA Technical
Guidance
MoEF MoRD MoA

24. The Context
RD Dept
Consortium
D/CLRCs Capacity Building
Stakeholders

26. SEPARATE INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE
C o m m is s i o n e r
1. ACF R u r a l D e v e lo p m e n t
2. Dy. EE
3. ADA P r o je c t D ir e c t o r , District Collector
D P A P /D D P
4. FRO
5. AE
M u l t i D i s c i p li n a r y T e a m s
6. AO (M D T s)
P r o j e c t Im p le m e t i n g A g e n c y
( P IA ) GO/NGO
W a t e r s h e d D e v e lo p m e n t T e a m
(W D T )
Disciplines
W a te r s h e d A s s o c ia tio n 1. Agriculture
GP (W A )
2. Engineering
3. Forestry
W a te r s h e d C o m m itte e
VO (W C )
S e lf H e l p G r o u p s U s e r G ro u p s

27. Impact Assessment by TARU
Leading
About 90 percent of households reported increase in income.
37 to 39 percent of households reported an annual increase in
income greater than Rs.10,000
Percentage of households reporting change in
household income 2003-06
Above 20000 12
15001-20000 10
10001-15000 15
5001-10000 27
0-5000 26
No change 2
Reduced 8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

28. Impact Assessment (Contd…)
Around 85% of households belonging to all farmer
categories reported increased returns from agriculture.
100
90
80
70
60 Decreased
50 No change
40 Increased
30
20
10
0
Marginal Small Medium Large

29. Impact Assessment (Contd…)
71% of households reported increased returns from
Productivity Enhancement.
Proprotion of households reproting increse in income from
PE activities
50 46
45
40
35
30 25
25 21
20
15
10
8
5
0
No additional 0-5000 5000-10000 No data
income

30. Impact Assessment (Contd….)
60% of households reported trainings in Institution Building
and Group Dynamics followed by 14% in Enterprise
Promotion.
Proportion of households trained on various
subjects Instituion building
2% 2%
11%
Productivity
enahancement
Enterprise promotion
14%
Natural Resource
Management
Health
60%
Others
11%

31. References
Planning Commission approach paper on NRM
for XI Five Year Plan
Watershed Guidelines of Ministry of RD-
1994-95,2001,2003 and 2008(www.dolr.nic.in)
Four Waters Concept-Dr.T.Hanumantha
rao(published by ESCI, Hyderabad)
Process Guidelines of Dept. of RD, GOAP
Trainings for Watersheds by MYRADA
Please visit our web site www.rd.ap.gov.in

32. Issues and Challenges
Setting up institutions at various levels
Developing a cadre of watershed specialists
Institutionalizing Capacity Development
Use of ICT Tools in Watershed management
Professional management of projects
Standardizing indicators for impacts
Convergence with NREGP

33. Emerging Areas of Collaboration
Presentation made to the ACIAR Officials at
Canberra on the 3rd July 2012
Dr.Kota Tirupataiah,IFS
Director General WALAMTARI
Kota_86@rediffmail.com : dg.walamtari@gmail.com
www.apwalamtari.org

34. Long personal and Institutional association
Involved in the Development of the ongoing
watershed projects in Andhra Pradesh
Continued interaction on these projecs
Involvement in the Climate Change projects
Interested in continuing the collaboration
Dr. Don Blackmore’s visit
Visit of Dr.Robert Carr & Dr.Geoffrey Adams
Climate Water Forum initiative
Learnings from the visit to Australia

35. Emerging Areas of Potential Collaboration

36. THANK YOU
kota_86@rediffmail.com