For the last fifteen years, we knowledge-practitioners have been working with search-related tools to index and combine structured and unstructured data to be pushed or pulled into decisions. With the Internet of Things, intelligence is now everywhere. This is our time to shine. While pundits debate whether robots augment or replace humans, we submit that IoT will be OUR work. IoT will be both more ubiquitous and more chaotic. This session looks at IoT from a knowledge-practitioner perspective, and explores how we can apply 20 years of KM experience to the "Third Wave" of internet disruption.
Learn about the current state of Information Management in AIIM’s latest report: http://info.aiim.org/2017-state-of-information-management
[AIIM17] Knowledge Management and the Internet of Things - Katrina Pugh
1. KM and the Internet of Things
Katrina Pugh, Columbia University
Information and Knowledge Strategy
March 16, 2017
Pugh IoT 170316 1
2. Today’s Journey
• What is IoT?
• KM v. IoT
• Info mgt & collaboration
• What business models lie ahead?
Pugh IoT 170316 2
3. Cheaper, cleaner, safer, faster
• GE Jet Engines: Needs-based
maintenance saves $160M/year*
• Tesla: Remote “self-fix” recall
• NOAA: Satellite, wind, temperature
combo forecasts weather, red tide
• Norfolk Southern: saves 10.8 million
gallons of diesel, 109,500 metric tons
of greenhouse gasses*
• UC Irvine Hospital: Disposable
wearable sensors to Code Blue within
90 sec.*
https://www.wired.com/2016/03/meet-
teslas-model-3-long-awaited-car-masses/
*Timothy Chou, Precision (2016)
http://www.digitalvidya.com/blog/general-
electric-ge-built-big-data-software-
analytics-for-industrial-internet/
http://www.goes.noaa.gov/dml/east/n
hem/eaus/rb.html
http://www.nscorp.com/content/n
scorp/en.html
Pugh IoT 170316 3
4. What is IoT?
• “Internet of things” is
sensor data, big data,
machine learning,
machine to machine
communication, and
automation
• Big ideas:
Needs-based, as opposed to
time-based, repair
Self-healing analytics
Adding external (e.g.,
benchmark or history) data
“Precision action”
Smart, connected assets
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5. IoT by the (big) numbers
$14.2T Economic activity by 2030 (Accenture)
$4.5T Economic activity by 2025 (McKinsey)
20.7B Devices in 2020, up from 15.4B in 2016 (IHS)
5B Electric grid data points/day in 2020 (Heck)
200M Wearable devices shipped by 2019 WW (IDC)
Pugh IoT 170316 5
6. Pugh IoT 170316
~2020 per every man, woman, child on the earth…
$556 in
economic
activity
3 devices
1 Electric
grid data
point/day
3% have
wearable
devices
6
9. Pugh IoT 1703169
KM Process IoT Process
Design Low volumes, flexible design Billions of data points, fixed
Sense Sense-making at end of pipe. …throughout the pipe.
Route Metadata may be missing Transmissions may leak
Snapshot Institutional memory. Last configuration, trends.
Interpret Autoclassification/humans Deep learning/devices.
Protect Many actors, algorithms. Bi-direct’l, big “surface area”
Collabo-
rate
“Collective intelligence”;
emergence.
“Crowd sourcing” at each step
divergence.
10. Columbia Info and Knowledge Strategy Pillars
Access,
Use/
Innovate
Capture
Organize,
Store
Get
Feel
Act
Info Management CollaborationPugh IoT 170316 10
13. Brave new world!
Pugh IoT 170316 13
Static, contained assets Adaptive, inclusive things
Product and Syst. Integ’n Cloud apps, Services
People ping things Things ping people & things
Hierarchies, entities Networks, coalitions
14.
15. Kate Pugh, Columbia University
kp2462@Columbia.edu
www.sps.columbia.edu/ikns
www.alignconsultinginc.com
Twitter: katrinapugh
• KM and the Internet of Things (KMWorld, 2016)
• Smarter Innovation (Ark Group)
• Designing Effective Knowledge Networks (Sloan Management Review)
• Sharing Hidden Know-How (Wiley/Jossey-Bass)
Pugh IoT 170316 15
With the Internet of Things Intelligence is everywhere, given the right sensors, integration, and analytics. For the last fifteen years, we knowledge-practitioners have been working with search-related tools to index and combine structured and unstructured data to be pushed or pulled into decisions. This is our moment. While pundits debate whether robots augment or replace humans, we submit that IoT will BE our work. IoT will be both more ubiquitous and more chaotic. This session looks at IoT from a knowledge-practitioner perspective, and explores how we can apply 20 years of KM experience to the "Third Wave" of internet disruption.
Forbes: (11/27/16) “What emerges is a glimpse into where IoT and IIoT can deliver the most value, and that’s in solving complex logistics, manufacturing, services, and supply chain problems.”
http://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolumbus/2016/11/27/roundup-of-internet-of-things-forecasts-and-market-estimates-2016/#57068bed4ba5
“Internet of things” is sensor data, big data, machine learning, machine to machine communication, and automation -- all in the service of improving efficiency, quality, and environment.
Sensor is connected to a transponder (e.g., microchip), which, in turn, is associated with reader/ interrogator(s). Chip-less form (RFID) reflects back a portion of the radio wave, signaling its “state.”
November 2016 Forbes article http://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolumbus/2016/11/27/roundup-of-internet-of-things-forecasts-and-market-estimates-2016/#57068bed4ba5
8.4B WW population forecasted by 2030 according to US census (so
(Mckinsey calcs ~$1B in 2015)
Biggest growth will be in IoT Services, rather than products.
Experts don’t agree (Bain is the most conservative – 470B in 2020, McKinsey 4.5T economic activity.
GE forecasts $60T in economic activity by 2030
Heck and Rodgers: Heck, Stefan and Matt Rogers, Resource Revolution: How to capture the biggest business opportunity in a century, Melcher media, 2014.
E.g., GE’s Predix is platform as a service.
According to McKinsey, Biggest profit will go to cloud applications, analytics and data services – even more than to Systems integration
Equipment (e.g., sensors, chips, machines, NWs)
System platforms (e.g., cloud) and standards
Spiral versus pipe
KM example.
Can defer selection and integration, analysis.
Collections (e.g., AP wire feeds, SME interviews, thought leadership) to action (better sales process)
IoT example.
Must collect selectively (limited space, battery, transmission).
Collections (e.g., data from agricultural sensors, thermometer readings, nitrogen counts)
Knowledge practitioner: focus on separating signal from noise. Text analytics. Search algorithms. Auto
IoT Practitioner: Focus on synthesis.
Detail:
KM
Design/ Strategy - Many unique sources, lower volumes. Flexible design; relatively low barriers to entry and exit
Sense - Intelligence more likely to be at the end of the pipe
Route - Metadata, assumptions may be missing, requires loop backs.
Snapshot - Institutional memory, trends
Interpret - Inspires human action. Add new data easily.
Protect - Many sources, actors and algorithms
Collaborate - Humans collaborate through all of the steps, especially interpretation; much collaboration involves tacit knowledge, people learn.
IoT
Design/Strategy - Billions of sensors, billions of readings. Ridged design; high barriers to entry, exit
Sense - Intelligence throughout the pipe. May entail billions of sensors.
Route - Metadata added at each step. Risk of physical transmission stoppages, leakage
Snapshot- Last known good configuration, trends
Interpret -Kicks off other devices’ actions (escalates exceptions to humans). More rigid,
Protect - Many sources, actors and algorithms; bigger device-intercept risks
Collaborate - Machines often collaborate autonomously, and “learn,” increasing system-wide intelligence. The collaboration is bigger than one person can comprehend.
Security
Invincia (Fairfax, VA, being acquired by Sophos) discovers Belkin vulnerability
http://www.iotjournal.com/articles/view?15178
Invincea comes with Performance-Built-In™, which combines machine learning and behavioral monitoring to eliminate endpoint security blind spots without sacrificing usability.
SIM Chips – reprogrammable virtually
Callup IoT Engine
http://www.iotjournal.com/articles/view?14181/2
http://www.callup.net/
Block Chain Project
Microsoft Manifest
http://www.coindesk.com/microsoft-unveils-project-manifest-a-plan-for-product-tracking-via-blockchain/
Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Amazon, and IBM have founded the Partnership on Artificial Intelligence to benefit people, and society.
https://www.partnershiponai.org/#s-partners
New business models
Pay as you go could also be for assets – e.g., AGCO sells 87% uptime for farm equipment plus all of the self-healing
Also,: Back office to customer facing
Note: Contrary to the way that KM developed (biggest returns to the Systems Integrators), McKinsey forecasts the biggest gains will go to the cloud applications, analytics, and data service.