Solar and Wind Hybrid System

1. M.J.P ROHILKHAND UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
GUIDE :- Dr. O.P. UPADHYAY SUBMITTED BY
AMIT YADAV (17ME09)
CO-GUIDE :- Ms. SHASHI LATA

2. INTRODUCTION
• Toady, the world is progressing at quite a fast rate with
the use of the conventional sources of energy. The two
major disadvantage of using them are the environment
pollution created by its use and its limited quantity. On
the other hand the Non-conventional source of energy
are available in plenty, free of cost and pollution free.
So it’s the time to think for switching on to the Non-
conventional source and restrict the use of
conventional source of energy
• Many type of clean and renewable energy source can
be used in the production of electrical energy.

3. • These include Solar energy,
Wind energy, Wave energy,
Hydroelectricity, Biomass
energy, energy from wastes,
Tidal Power and
Geothermal energy
• All of these energy sources
have environment benefits
over the use of fossil fuel.
• Our paper deals with the
energy conservation
Technique which is a
combination of two Non-
conventional sources of
energy, i.e. Solar and wind
energy.

5. SOLAR ENERGY
Solar Energy is the
radiant light and heat
from the Sun which is
converted into the
electricity using
Photovoltaic's (PV) cells
or Solar Panel .The large
magnitude of solar
energy available makes
it a highly appealing
source of electricity.

6. Solar Power system
consists of three major
blocks namely solar
panels, solar photovoltaic
cells, and batteries for
storing energy. The
electrical energy (DC
power) generated using
solar panels can be stored
in batteries or can be
used for supplying DC
loads or can be used for
inverter to feed AC loads.

7. ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR ENERGY
 Solar Energy is a renewable resource. We will have a
steady, limitless supply of sunlight for another 5 billion
years. In one hour, the Earth’s atmosphere receives enough
sunlight to power the electricity needs of every human
being on Earth for a year.
 Solar energy is clean. After the solar technology equipment
is constructed and put in place, solar energy does not need
fuel to work. It also does not emit greenhouse gases or
toxic materials. Using solar energy can drastically reduce
the impact we have on the environment.
 Solar cookers provide an excellent alternative to cooking
with wood-fired stoves—on which 2 billion people still rely.
Solar cookers provide a cleaner and safer way.

8. DISADVANTAGE OF SOLAR
ENERGY
 Solar energy equipment are heavy. In order to retrofit
or install solar panels on the roof of a building, the roof
must be strong, large, and oriented toward the sun’s
path.
 Sunlight must be abundant and consistent for solar
energy to be an efficient choice. In most places on
Earth, sunlight’s variability makes it difficult to
implement as the only source of energy.
 Solar energy technology depend on factors that are out
of our control, such as climate and cloud cover. Local
areas must be studied to determine whether or not
solar power would be effective in that area.

9. SOLAR ENERGY IN INDIA

10. WIND ENERGY
Wind energy is the use of
wind to provide
mechanical power
through wind turbines to
turn electric generators
for electrical power. Wind
power is a popular
sustainable, renewable
source of power that has
a much smaller impact on
the environment.

11. Wind turbines use blades
to collect the wind’s
kinetic energy. Wind
flows over the blades
creating lift which causes
the blades to turn. The
blades are connected to a
drive shaft that turns an
electric generator, which
produces (generates)
electricity.

12. ADVANTAGES OF WIND ENERGY
 Wind power is cost-effective. Land-based utility-scale wind
is one of the lowest-priced energy sources available today.
 It's a clean fuel source. Wind energy doesn't pollute the air
like power plants that rely on combustion of fossil fuels,
such as coal or natural gas, which emit particulate matter,
nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide—causing human health
problems and economic damages.
 Wind turbines can be built on existing farms. This greatly
benefits the economy in rural areas, where most of the
best wind sites are found. Farmers can continue to work
the land because the wind turbines use only a fraction of
the land.

13. DISADVANTAGES OF WIND
ENERGY
 Wind energy must still compete with conventional
generation sources on a cost basis.
 Good land-based wind sites are often located in
remote locations, far from cities where the electricity is
needed. Transmission lines must be built to bring the
electricity from the wind farm to the city.
 Turbines might cause noise and aesthetic pollution.
Although wind power plants have relatively little
impact on the environment compared to conventional
power plants, concern exists over the noise produced
by the turbine blades and visual impacts to the
landscape.

14. WIND ENERGY IN INDIA

15. HYBRID SYSTEM
Hybrid system is the
combination of two or
more different power
sources. Hybrid
renewable energy
systems are becoming
popular as it provide
increased system
efficiency as well as
greater balance in energy
supply.

16. FEATUREs OF HYBRID SYSTEM
• Hybrid system can address limitation in term of
fuel , flexibility, efficiency, reliability, emission and
/or economics.
• Incorporating heat, power, and highly efficient
devices (fuel cells, advanced materials, cooling
systems, etc.) can increase overall efficiency.
• Conserve energy for a hybrid system when
compared with individual technology.
• Achieving higher reliability can be accomplished
with redundant technologies and/or energy
storage.

17. • Some hybrid system typically include both, which
can simultaneously improve quality and
availability of power.
• Hybrid system can be designed to maximize the
use of renewable.
• Resulting in a system with lower emission than
traditional fossil-fueled technologies.
• Hybrid system can be designed to achieve desired
attributes at the lowest acceptable cost, which is
the key to market acceptance.

18. SOLAR AND WIND HYBRID
SYSTEM

19. FEATURES OF SOLAR AND WIND
HYBRID SYSTEM
• This system is designed using the solar panels and
small wind turbines generators for generating
electricity. A typical hybrid energy system consists
of solar and wind energy sources.
• The power produced by the wind generators is an
AC voltage but have variable amplitude and
frequency that can then be transformed into DC
to charge the battery.
• The controller protects the battery from
overcharging or deep discharging.

20. • As high voltages can be used to reduce system
losses, an inverter is normally in transduced to
transform the low DC voltage to an AC voltage of
230V of frequency 50 Hz.
• The system, whose block diagram is shown
consists of 12 photovoltaic (PV) panels. It can
provide a total power of 900 W, and a wind
generator that can produce a maximum power of
2200 W.
• Solar and Wind hybrid systems can power the
“next wave of renewable growth” in India.

21. ADVANTAGES
 This utilizes the renewable sources in best way because the
batteries are connected to the system to store the energy, there
is no waste of the excess energy generated on bright sunny
days. So, these systems make use of the renewable energy in
best way.
The solar and wind hybrid energy systems work more
efficiently than your traditional generators which waste the fuel
under certain conditions. Hybrid solar systems work efficiently
in all types of conditions without wasting the fuel.
The maintenance cost of the solar and wind hybrid energy
systems is low as compared to the traditional generators which
use diesel as fuel.

22. DISADVANTAGE
 With different types of energy sources in use, the
systems require some knowledge. The operation of
different energy sources, their interaction and co-
ordination must be controlled and it can become
complicated.
Although the maintenance cost is low, the initial
investment for the installation of a hybrid solar energy
systems is high as compared to a solar systems.
The batteries connected to the system may have a
lower life as they are often exposed to natural
elements like heat, rain, etc.

23. CONCLUSION
The independent systems cannot provide a continuous
source of energy, as they are seasonal depending on the
region. One can utilize a hybrid system of wind and solar
to capture the strengths of each system, while at the
same time overcoming the weaknesses of each system,
to create a balanced approach to producing energy. The
unit cost of power can also be minimized. In India, major
Indian wind companies like Gamesa, Inox wind and
Suzlon are shifting part of their focus to solar-wind
hybrids due to the range of benefits they bring with it.
The power procured from solar-wind hybrids can get
even cheaper than isolated solar or wind power plants.