Green Computing Topic

1. “GREEN COMPUTING” –
NEW HORIZON OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND E-
WASTE MINIMIZATION
By : AAdArsh srivAstAvA
Course : BCA 3rd
yeAr
sem : 5th
sem
dePt : A-set

2. WHAT IS GREEN COMPUTING?
• Green Computing refers to environmentally sustainable computing or IT.
• Green Computing can be described as the environmentally
responsible usage of computer systems and related
resources.

3. CONTD…
• It is also study and practice of designing, manufacturing,
using and disposing of computers, servers and associated
sub-systems such as monitors, printers, storage devices
etc efficiently and effectively.
• It can also be termed as practice or study of efficient and
eco-friendly computing.

4. ORIGIN
• In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
launched “Energy Star”, a labeling program designed to
promote and recognize energy efficiency in monitors,
climate control equipments etc. The term GREEN
COMPUTING was coined shortly after energy star
began.
• On October 2006 it was revised and a tiered ranking
system of approved products was introduced.

5. WHY GREEN COMPUTING?
• Growing public environmental awareness
• Reducing impacts on environmental and human
health
• Corporate social responsibility
• A step for need of tomorrow’s future.
• Greener IT.
• Helps to minimise the energy by educating
consumers on efficient ways to keep power usage
low.

6. CONTD…
• computer energy is often wasteful
• leaving the computer on when not in use (CPU and fan
consume power, screen savers consume power)
• printing is often wasteful
• how many of you print out your emails or meeting
agendas
• printing out partial drafts
• for a “paperless” society, we tend to use more paper
today than before computer-prevalence.

7. CONTD…
• pollution
• manufacturing techniques
• packaging
• disposal of computers and components
• toxicity
• as we will see, there are toxic chemicals used in the
manufacturing of computers and components which
can enter the food chain and water!

8. GOAL
• The Goal of green computing is to reduce the use of
hazardous material, minimize improper use of power
consumption, maximize energy efficiency during product’s
lifetime and promote recyclability.
• Green Computing also contributes to prolong the
equipments life-time.

9. APPROACHES TO GREEN
COMPUTING
• EPEAT
• Power Management
• Disposal
• Materials Recycling
• Product life cycle.

10. ENERGY STAR…
It is a government backed program which started in USA and
helps in protection of environment through use of superior
energy efficiency. It first started as an attempt to reduce
energy consumption and also is an international standard for
energy efficient consumer products . Devices having Energy
Star logo use 20-30% less energy than required by federal
standards. It now uses a tiered ranking approach for approved
product.

11. EPEAT
EPEAT- Electronic Product Environmental Assessment
Tool, is a method for consumers to evaluate the effect of a
product on the environment. It ranks products as Gold,
Silver, Bronze based on a set of environmental
performance criteria. It evaluates products on 51 criteria- 23
required and 28 optional.
For a product to be rated as Bronze it should meet all 23
required criteria, for Silver- should meet all 23 required
criteria and 50% of optional criteria and for Gold- should
meet 23 required criteria and 75% of optional criteria

12. POWER MANAGEMENT
The Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI),
an open industry standard, allows an operating system to
directly control the power saving aspects of its underlying
hardware. This allows a system to automatically turn off
components such as monitors and hard drives after set
periods of inactivity.

13. EVERYDAY EXAMPLE- ENERGY USE
OF PCS
• CPU uses 120 Watts
• CRT uses 150 Watts
• 8 hours of usage, 5 days a week = 562 KWatts
• if the computer is left on all the time without
proper power saver modes, this can lead to
1,600 KWatts
• for a large institution, say a university of 40,000 students and faculty, the
power bill for just computers can come to $2 million / year

14. CTND…
• Energy used comes from
• electrical current to run the CPU, motherboard, memory
• running the fan and spinning the disk(s)
• monitor (CRTs consume more power than any other computer component)
• printers

15. SMART FAN

16. MANUFACTURING• Using Greener technology
• PBDE(Polybrominated diphenyl ethers)-free plastic
• lead-free soldering
• fewer toxic solvents
• Plastics labelled with recycling codes
• Less toxic material used
• Independent certification bodies must certify their
products. EPEAT should be followed.
• CRT – lead and zinc used in monitors are hazardous
waste, should be avoided.

17. USES
• New technology often more energy efficient.
• Energy saver features are now standard.
• Recycling of products are put in practice.
• Energy star concept is on a rise.
• Waste management is practiced.

18. E-WASTE – WHAT…WHY?
• Electronic waste or E-waste or WEEE(Waste
Electrical and Electronics Equipment's),
describes loosely discarded, surplus, obsolete or
broken electrical or electronic devices.
• E-waste is due of improper practice of disposing
computer and its components.
• E-waste management includes recycling,
consumer awareness efforts, processing
techniques, also tells us benefits of recycling.

19. E-WASTE IMPACTS

20. E-WASTE DISPOSAL
• Current e-waste disposal program represents a best practice.
• E-waste is divided into two separate streams, CRT monitors
and all other electronic equipment
―General e-waste is sent to Production Works where it is
dismantled and redistributed to scrap companies and
recyclers.
―CRT monitors sent to an environment friendly Toronto-
based company.
Also as hazardous and non-hazardous.

21. LAND FILLS
• Europe has outlawed using landfills for computer
components
• the US and Europe export a lot of e-waste to Asian
landfills (especially China even though China has
outlawed the importing of e-waste)
• in addition, dumping of computer components leads to
air pollution and airborne toxins

22. RECOMMENDATIONS – DISPOSAL
• Obtain suitable space for storage of e-waste and
monitors.
• Develop and implement methodology for tracking
tonnage diverted from landfill.
• Formalize reuse and reallocation procedures and
policies.

23. Global Effects
Electronic wastes :Electronic wastes :
•In the U.S. alone, 500 million obsolete electronicIn the U.S. alone, 500 million obsolete electronic
equipments.equipments.
•Computers, and 130 million cell phones areComputers, and 130 million cell phones are
thrown out every year.thrown out every year.

24. E WASTE- CHEMICALS FOUND
• Elements in bulk: lead, tin, copper, silicon, carbon, iron and
aluminum
• Elements in small amounts: cadmium and mercury
• List of examples of devices containing these elements
• almost all electronics contain lead & tin (as solder) and copper (as
wire & PCB tracks), though the use of lead-free solder is now
spreading rapidly
• lead: solder, CRT monitors (Lead in glass), Lead-acid battery

25. ELEMENTS USED: MERCURY, LEAD PLASTIC
ETC.
• Mercury is used in
• batteries, switches, housing, printed circuit boards
• mercury is found in medical equipment, data
transmission equipment, telecommunications
equipment and cell phones as well
• if is estimated that 22% of the yearly use of mercury is
in electrical and electronic equipment
• although a small amount of mercury is used, it is used in
nearly all computer constructions.
• Plastics are found throughout the computer, largely from
casings but also internally to hold components together
• The plastics in computers are often treated with flame
retardant chemicals.

26. REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION
• Turn off the computer when not in use, even if just for
an hour
• Turn off the monitor when not in use (as opposed to
running a screen saver)
• Use power saver mode
• screen savers use as much electricity as any normal
processing
• Use hardware/software with the Energy Star label
• Energy Star is a “seal of approval” by the Energy Star
organization of the government.
• Don’t print unless necessary.
• Use LCDs instead of CRTs as they are more power
efficient.

27. OTHER SOLUTIONS…
• Reuse: donate your computer components to people who may
not have or have lesser quality computers.
• Refurbish: rather than discarding your computer when the next
generation is released, just get a new CPU and memory chips –
upgrade rather than replace.

28. TO KEEP IN MIND…TO KEEP IN MIND…
When Purchasing:When Purchasing:
•Check EPEAT rating (if available)Check EPEAT rating (if available)
Energy Star only
•Contact for eventual disposalContact for eventual disposal
•Don’t become an e-waste site for someone elseDon’t become an e-waste site for someone else
•Minimize packaging & documentation copies for bulkMinimize packaging & documentation copies for bulk
purchasespurchases
DisposalDisposal
•Investigate and set up responsible vendor or independentInvestigate and set up responsible vendor or independent
disposal programdisposal program
•Donate good working computers and related equipmentDonate good working computers and related equipment

29. ONE MORE SOLUTION: RECYCLING
• If companies can recycle the plastics and other
components, this can greatly reduce waste and toxins
• however, the hazardous materials in e-waste can harm the
recycle workers if they are not properly protected.
• Developed countries now have facilities for recycling e-
waste.
• To resolve these problems, the computer
manufacturers must start using recyclable chemicals

30. “Material Recycling”
E-waste handlingE-waste handling

31. RECENT IMPLEMENTATION
OF GREEN COMPUTING

32. BLACKLEBLACKLE
• A search-engine site powered by Google Search.
• Based on the concept that :
when presenting an empty word page or the Google home
page, If a computer screen is :
White it consumes 74W & when
Black it consumes only 59W.
• switching from Google to Blackle :
Earth would save 750MW/ yr.

33. SUMMARIZE…• Green computing is a novel and an innovative
trend in the world of computing which has
minimum or no impact on the environment.
• Green computing has introduced a range of
equipments and technologies which help in
limiting the impact on the environment.
• Use of EPEAT help in different aspects of the
computing world and recognizes the areas for
improvement.

34. COMPANIES GOING GREEN…

35. REFERENCES…
• www.research.microsoft.com/pubs/78813/AJ18_EN.pdf
• www.techno-preneur.net
• http://www.slideworld.com
• http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/piratebhai-
727374-green-computing/
• http://www.techrepublic.com/whitepapers/5-steps-to-a-
successful-green-computing-solution/1104485
• http://www.epeat.net
• http://greencomputing123.com

36. THANK YOU!!!
By : Aadarsh Srivastava
Course : BCA 3rd
Year
Semester : 5TH
SEM
DEPT : A-SET
Mobile : +91-7827-019719
Email id : aadarshcertification@gmail.com