This document provides information about different biomes located around the world, including tundra, coniferous forest, deciduous forest, desert, grassland, savanna, and rainforest biomes. For each biome, it describes defining characteristics, locations where they can be found globally, common plant and animal species, and examples of specific biome locations in various regions including the Philippines, Asia, Europe, North America, South America, Africa, and Antarctica.

1. WORLD
By:
Abdur Rehman Rafiq

2. DIFFERENT BIOMES
Rain
Forest
Desert
Conifero
us Forest
Deciduou
s Forest
Tundr
a

3. LOCATIONS WORLD WIDE

4. Latitude
 Altitude
Climatic Conditions
 Solar radiation
 Effect of seasons
 Atmospheric circulation
 Evaporation
DEFINING FACTORS

5. HIGHLANDS

6. BIOMES OF THE WORLD
 Tundra Biome
 Coniferous Forest
Biome
 Deciduous Forest
Biome
 Desert Biome
 Grassland Biome
 Savanna Biome

7. TUNDRA BIOME

8. TUNDRA BIOME
 The tundra is near the North Pole.
 Trees do not grow there.
 Winters are very cold.
 Summers last for a very short time.
 It is frozen and never melts.

9. HIGHLAND
CLIMATE
Sea Level
1,000 ft
3,300 ft
6,600 ft
9,900 ft
13,200 ft
16,500 ft
19,800 ft
81°F
77°F
70°F
57°F
49°F
34°F
21°F
9°F
Hot Zone
Temperate Zone
Cold Zone
Tundra
Snow cap
Mountain areas where the air
temperature cools as
altitude increases.
Deciduous
Grass Land

10. • 55-70 degrees North latitude
• Arctic National Wildlife refuge, Alaska and Manitoba, Canada
ARCTIC TUNDRA LOCATIONS

11. ALPINE TUNDRA
Typically located at an altitude higher than 10,000 feet

12. TUNDRA ANIMALS
Arctic Fox
(omnivore)
Caribou
(herbivore)
Harlequin Duck
(main diet is small sea
creatures; arctic fox is its
main predator)
Musk Ox
(herbivore; predators are
arctic wolf and polar bear)
Snowy Owl
(carnivore; preys are arctic fox
and small animals)
Polar Bear

13. TUNDRA PLANTS
Arctic Moss
Caribou Moss
Bearberry
Tufted Saxifrage Pasque Flower

14. CONIFEROUS FOREST BIOME

15. CONIFEROUS FOREST BIOME
 Summers are short and mild and the winters
are long, cold and dry.
 Plants are mostly evergreen conifers with
leaves like needles, such as pine, fir and
spruce.
 Soil is thin and lacking in nutrients.

16. CONIFEROUS FOREST LOCATION
 Located mainly between the 45th and 57th North latitudes – south of
the tundra & north of temperate grasslands & temperate deciduous
forest
 Found in Eurasia, North America, Siberia, Scandinavia, Alaska, and

17. CONIFEROUS FOREST ANIMALS
Gray
Wolf
Black
Bear
(omnivore
)
Bald Eagle
Northern Lynx
(eats small
mammals)
Bobcat
(eats small mammals)
Wolverine
(eats small mammals)

18. CONIFEROUS FOREST PLANTS
Balsam Fir
(squirrels, deer, caribous
eat its buds)
Eastern Red Cedar
(animals such as birds
eat its berry fruit)
Siberian Spruce
(pine cones for
small mammals)
Jack Pine
(pine cones
for rodents)
White Fir
(seeds for
squirrels)

19. DECIDUOUS FOREST BIOME

20. DECIDUOUS FOREST BIOME
 The leaves change color before they fall.
 Deciduous trees lose their leaves in autumn.
 The fallen leaves are good for the soil.
 In spring, new leaves grow and the forest is
green again.
 The leaves are wide to catch more sunshine.

21. DECIDUOUS FOREST LOCATIONS
• Found in eastern North America, northeastern Asia, and western and central
Europe (lower middle latitudes in the Northern hemisphere)
• Mainly located in middle latitudes of northern hemisphere (30°-60°N)

22. DECIDUOUS FOREST ANIMALS
White-Tailed Deer
Least Weasel
(eats rodents, birds,
poultry, and rabbits)
European Red Squirrel
Eastern Chipmunk
(omnivore)
Duckbill Platypus
(carnivore)
Coyote
(omnivore)
Fat Dormouse
(eats fruits, seeds,
insects, and bird eggs)

23. DECIDUOUS FOREST PLANTS
Tawny Milksap
Mushroom
Lady Fern
Guelder Rose
Carpet Moss
White Birch Tree
Pecan Tree

24. DESERT BIOME

25. DESERT BIOME
 A desert can be very hot in daytime and cold at
night (no rainfall at all.)
 Some deserts are cold all the time.
 Desert plants need special ways of getting water;
their leaves and roots are special.
 Desert animals have special ways to survive.
Many shelter underground. Some animals are
active at night when it’s cool.

26. DESERT LOCATIONS
•Major hot and dry deserts are located between 25 and 40
degrees North and South latitude in the interiors of continents
•Four major deserts of North America include the Chihuahuan,
Sonoran, Mojave, and Great Basin

27. DESERT ANIMALS
Roadrunner
(omnivore)
Thorny Devil Lizard
(eats ants; a prey
of birds)
Cactus Ferruginous
Pygmy Owl
Javelina
(herbivore
Bobcat’s prey)
Sonoran
Pronghorn Antelope
Desert Bighorn
Sheep
Banded Gila Monster
(carnivore; eats small
animals)

28. DESERT PLANTS
Barrel Cactus Soaptree Yucca Mojave Aster
Pancake Prickly
Pear Cactus
Ocotillo
Joshua Tree
Brittle Bush

29. GRASSLAND BIOME

30. GRASSLAND BIOME
 Grasses are the main kind of plant in grasslands.
 There are not many trees in grasslands.
 Some grasslands are hot all year round. Some
grassland areas have hot summers and very cold
winters.
 Grasslands are big open areas that get between
25 and 75 cm of rain per year. This is less rain
than a forest gets and more than a desert gets.

31. GRASSLAND LOCATIONS
 Temperate grasslands located in central North America (prairies – have tall
grasses), Europe and Asia (steppes – short grasses), and South America
(Pampas).
Equator
Prairies (TG)
Pampas
Steppes (TG)

32. GRASSLAND ANIMALS
Bumble Bee
(hunts by birds, skunks,
Badgers, etc.)
Bobcat
Coyote
Badger
(carnivore)
Prairie Dog (Herbivore)

33. GRASSLAND PLANTS
Fleabane
Blue
Grama
Grass
Buffalo Grass
June Grass
Stinging
Nettle
Milkweed

34. SAVANNA BIOME

35. SAVANNA BIOME
 A tropical grassland with some clumps of trees.
 It is characterized by its specific wet (summer)
and dry (long winter) seasons.
 Contain the greatest number of grazing animals
on Earth.
 Fire plays a large role in this ecosystem.
 Rainy and Dry Season.

36. SAVANNA LOCATIONS
Savannas found in Africa, Australia, South America and India

37. SAVANNA ANIMALS
African Wild Dog
(carnivore; eats mainly
deer and antelopes)
Zebra
Emu (eat plants
and insects)
Baboon
(eat plants, fruits,
and bugs)
Egyptian Mongoose
(eats mainly small
animals, but it also eats
fruits)
African Elephants
Black Mamba

38. SAVANNA PLANTS
Whistling
Thorn
(long seed
pod is
nutritious
for animals)
Elephant Grass
Bermuda Grass
Acacia Tree
Kangaroo Paws

39. RAIN FOREST BIOME

40. RAIN FOREST BIOME
 Rainforests are thick, warm and wet forests.
 They are forests that get at least 250 cm a year of
rain, often more.
 It has a lot of rain (high rainfall throughout the
year.)
 Tropical forests are located near the equator.
 Areas that are warm and frost-free.

41. TROPICAL RAIN FOREST
•Located near equator (between tropic of cancer & tropic of capricor
•Found in Central and South America, southeast Asia,
West Africa and the islands.
Equator
Tropic of
Cancer (23.5 N)
Tropic of
Capricorn (23.5 S)
Amazon
Rainforest

42. TEMPERATE RAIN FOREST
Tropic of
Cancer (23.5 N)
Tropic of
Capricorn (23.5 S)
Olympic
Rainforest
•Located away from equator (outside of tropic of cancer & tropic of
capricorn)
•found on western edge of north and south America

43. RAINFOREST ANIMALS
Toco Tucan
(eats fruits, insects,
and spiders)
Sumatran Rhinoceros
(herbivore)
Chimpanzee
Jambu Fruit Dove
Wagler’s Pit Viper
Bengal Tiger

44. RAINFOREST PLANTS
Coconut Tree
Jambu
Honey Bee
Tree
Bengal Bamboo
Bougainvillea

45. LOCATION: PHILIPPINES
Tropical Rainforest in Bohol

46. LOCATION: ASIA
Gobi Desert between China and Mongolia

47. LOCATION: EUROPE
Taiga in Central Germany

48. LOCATION: NORTH AMERICA
Deciduous forest in Texas Hill

49. LOCATION: SOUTH AMERICA
Grassland in Buenos Aires, Argentina

50. LOCATION: AFRICA
Grassland in Africa

51. LOCATION: ANTARCTICA
Tundra in Antarctic Peninsula